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Showing 4 results for Climate Change
Assessing the Seasonal Variability of Thermal Stresses during the Last Half Century in Some Climatic Zones of Iran
Gh Fallah Ghalhari, R Esmaili, F Shakeri,
Volume 9, Issue 2 (9-2016)
Abstract

Background and Objectives: Nowadays, indicators related to human physiology have special roles in human bioclimatic and environmental studies. One of these indices is Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET). In the present study, trends of physiological equivalent temperature index over the past half century, which is the foundation of plans, especially in the field of health and environment, were evaluated in four climatic regions of Iran (Mashhad, Rasht, Esfahan, Tabriz and Bandar Abbas).

Material and methods: In this study, the data required to calculate the heat stress in the daily scale for 50 years during 1961-2010 were obtained from Iranian Meteorological Organization. Then, PET index at the daily scale was calculated and values greater than 35°C were identified for warm periods of the year. In the next step, the seasonal trends were analyzed by Mann-Kendall test.

Results: Changes in the frequency of days with heat stress in stations of Mashhad, Isfahan, and Tabriz have been rising during spring and summer. In other words, the greatest amount of positive change has occurred over the long-term average in these cities. The highest frequency of hot days was observed in Rasht and Bandar Abbas stations. The main reason for this subject has to do with how adjacent they were to the sea and the high rate of evaporation in such areas.

Conclusion: The 1980s-1990s have been allocated as the most days of hot stress. Upward trend of thermal stress occurring in the studied stations has increased the attention to the problem of heat stress and disease (thermal attack, fainting, muscle cramps) from the field of planning and management of the crisis.


The trend of scientific research analysis on climate change in Iran
Mahdi Hadi, Maryam Hashemkhani, Elnaz Iravani,
Volume 15, Issue 2 (8-2022)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Researchers investigate and identify the gaps and frequency of studies related to specific knowledge by using scientometrics. The purpose of this study was to analyze the trend of scientific research in the field of climate change in Iran.
Materials and Methods: All articles affiliated with Iran in the field of climate change have been cited in Scopus databases from 1991 to December 9, 2019, and were retrieved by using keywords like "climate change", "global warming", "global change", "climate variability", "greenhouse gas". The data were analyzed using R software.
Results: The total number of documents was 2253. The trend of document production in the field of climate change in Iran follows an increasing exponential trend. Iran's collaboration with other countries in the field of climate change studies was significant so around 25% of scientific productions have been produced jointly with other countries. Keywords analysis showed a greater frequency for keywords including “downscaling”, “energy”, “global warming” and “uncertainty”. However, despite the importance of issues such as “adaptation” and “vulnerability” concerning climate change in Iran, the frequency of these keywords in climate change studies in Iran is low.
Conclusion: Based on the results of this study and considering the importance of climate change and its effects on the country, also the importance of greenhouse gases including CO2, and the rank of Iran as the eighth country in the emission of these gases, it is recommended to pay more attention to issues such as “vulnerability”, “adaptability”, analysis of “greenhouse gases production”, “management of energy consumption” and the use of “renewable energies” in future studies.
 

Effects of climatic parameters and air pollutants of Tehran city on the growth of Pinus eldarica in Chitgar forest park during time series (1975-2015)
Javad Torkaman, Mehrdad Ghodskhah Daryaei, Shahrooz Sahranavard,
Volume 16, Issue 2 (9-2023)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Climate change and environmental pollutants affect the growth of plant species. These effects can be recognized in the tree growth rings. This study aimed to investigate the effects of the precipitation and temperature in four decades (1975-2015) and air pollutants in the last decade on the average growth of pine trees (Pinus eldarica).
Materials and Methods: The studied area is Chitgar Forest Park located in the northwest of Tehran city and the studied species is the forest pine (Pinus eldarica). The research method is descriptive, the required climatic information was obtained from Mehrabad meteorological station and sampling was done by disc cutting from 10 forest pine trees. After preparing the samples, the number and width of annual rings were counted and measured using binoculars and a measuring table. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used at a significance level of 5% to investigate the significant difference in growth width in four decades.
Results: The results show that there is no significant difference between average precipitation in four decades, while average temperature and average growth have significant differences (p < 0.05). The amount of growth based on the growth index has decreased during four decades, and this decrease is more significant and obvious in the fourth decade due to the increase of pollutants such as ozone (O3) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2).
Conclusion: In general, the growth of forest pine trees has decreased during forty years with the increase of average annual temperature, which excessive decrease in the fourth decade is caused by pollutants such as ozone and nitrogen dioxide. It is suggested to do more research on sensitive species planted in urban areas to better understand the effect of pollutants on the growth and development of trees.
 

The effects of climate change on the health of the older adults: a systematic review
Nasibeh Zanjari, Parisa Mollaei,
Volume 17, Issue 2 (9-2024)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Rapid aging and climate change are two major global challenges of the 21st century. This study was conducted to identify the effects of climate change on the health of older adults.
Materials and Methods: This systematic review was conducted by comprehensively searching the Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science electronic databases using the keywords elderly, aging, older people, health, and climate change, in English. Articles from 2014 to February 2023 following the PRISMA checklist were examined. Studies were included if they were published in English, had full text available, and focused on a population of people over 60 years old.  Simulated studies were excluded.
Results: The quality of these studies was reported to be moderate to good according to the STROBE checklist. The results showed that climate change negatively impacts the physical, mental and social health of the elderly. It causes an increase in the prevalence of cardiovascular, kidney, and respiratory diseases, as well as depression. Additionally, it leads to a reduction in daily activities, an increase in hospitalization rates and higher mortality. Among various climate changes, the increase in temperature poses the greatest to the health of older adults.
Conclusion: Climate changes, particularly the rise in temperature, have the most significant negative impact on the physical health of older adults. Therefore, there is a pressing need for increased focus on environmental sustainability, the development of public health intervention policies, and the implementation of adaptive strategies to mitigate the effects of extreme temperatures for older adults.
 

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