Iranian Journal of

Background and Objective: Climate change in recent years has led to a crisis of drought in many countries around the world, including Iran. In such a situation, the supply of safe drinking water is very important and knowing the climate impacts on the chemical quality of these resources can play a significant role in their proper exploitation.
Materials and Methods: Using GIS geomorphology models, the effect of climatic factors including minimum and maximum temperatures, mean precipitation, evaporation, transpiration and vegetation index on the quality of groundwater resources of Varamin Plain include pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solid, anions and cations concentrations and total hardness were studied and their maps were produced. Correlation between these factors was investigated using spatial correlation analysis tool at a confidence level of 0.95 (p = 0.05).
Results: The results showed that these parameters (except pH) along the plain are highly variable and the spatial distribution of data in this region is not normal around the mean, and the frequency of pixels with values ​​less than the spatial mean of the region is higher. Spatial distribution of the factors showed that their amounts (except pH) are low in the central area of ​​the plain and reach its peak in the western and northwest regions. The spatial distribution of pH was almost uniform in all the plain.
Conclusion: Correlation analysis showed that the quality of water resources is influenced by climatic factors and the maximum temperature has the highest impact.
 

Background and Objective: Leishmaniasis is an infectious skin disease whose prevalence and spread are influenced by economic, cultural, environmental, and ecological factors. Since Jiroft is one of the main centers of leishmaniasis, the purpose of this study is to determine the effect of environmental factors on leishmaniasis rates in Jiroft during 2015–2022.
Materials and Methods: The present research is a cross-sectional study. The study population consists of all patients with leishmaniasis in Jiroft between 2015 and 2022. The sample included all patients with a confirmed diagnosis of the disease in Jiroft, selected using the census method. The environmental and climate data used in this study included temperature, precipitation, total sunny days, and humidity. To analyze the relationship between climatic factors and disease incidence, time series analysis was conducted at a 95% confidence level. For the analysis, ArcGIS software and the "tseries," "forecast," and "TAS" packages in R version 4.0.1 were used.
Results: The total number of leishmaniasis patients was 269, of whom 23.4% were aged 6–15 years and 50.2% were male. Rainfall and hours of sunshine showed a negative effect on the number of cutaneous leishmaniasis cases at log 0. The overall trend in the incidence of cutaneous leishmaniasis decreased over the study period.
Conclusion: Although some environmental conditions had an adverse effect on the disease, leishmaniasis remains an endemic disease in Jiroft. Therefore, the continuation of preventive interventions, along with improvements in diagnosis, care, and treatment, is necessary to control its spread.