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Showing 3 results for East Azerbaijan
Determination of fluorosis prevalence in rural communities  of East Azerbaijan Province
Mohammad Ali Hosseinpour Feizi, Mohammad Mosaferi, Saeed Dastgiri, Maasumeh Mehdipour, Ahmad Kusha,
Volume 5, Issue 3 (10-2012)
Abstract
MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 Background and Objectives: Intake of high concentrations of fluoride in drinking water can cause dental fluorosis. In this study, the prevalence of dental fluorosis in rural communities of East Azerbaijan Province was studied.
Materials and Methods: 3 villages of Bashsizkooh, Bostanabad (fluoride concentration in drinking water = 0.12 mg/L), Nagharehkub,  Ahar (current water resource = 0.6 mg/L, old water resource = 1.1-1.2 mg/L), and Gharehbolaq, Jolfa (current water resource = 0.35 mg/L and old water resource = 2.4 mg/L old source) were selected as low, medium, and high exposure to fluoride respectively. All village residents above 6 years old were visited by physician. Quality of water resources was determined by referring to the records archived and through conducting new analysis.
Results: Dental fluorosis was observed in 62.7 % of the people visited. In 31.5% of participants, fluorosis Grade 1 in 22.4 % of participants, fluorosis grade 2 in 7.7 % of participants, fluorosis grade 3 and finally fluorosis grade 4 was observed in 4 patients. Different levels of fluorosis were observed in residents of the villages of Gharebolaq, Nagharehkub, and Bashsizkooh (83.3%, 70.5 %, and 32.5 % respectively). There was a significant difference in prevalence of fluorosis between villages (P < 0.001). Fluorosis was observed in both permanent and temporary teeth. Mean cumulative fluoride index (MCFI) in people with and without fluorosis was 22660.2 and 4743.2 mg, respectively. There was a correlation between this index and fluorosis (R =0.413).
Conclusion: In all three villages studied, even Bashsizkooh, different grades of fluorosis were endemic. It is recommended that the responsible authorities take a  new measure and approach  for the intake of fluoride from drinking water.

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Pollution potential and ecological risk of heavy metals in municipal wastewater treatment plants sludge
Bahareh Ghoreishi, Hassan Aslani, Mohammad Shaker Khatibi, Sepideh Nemati Mansur, Mohammad Mosaferi,
Volume 13, Issue 1 (4-2020)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Application of sewage sludge contaminated with heavy metals may cause health and ecological concern. Ecological risk and heavy metals content of sewage sludge from wastewater treatment plants of East Azerbaijan province were evaluated in the present study.
Materials and Methods: Nine composite samples were taken and analyzed for heavy metals. The geo-accumulation index (Igeo), contamination factor(CF) , and potential ecological risk index were calculated.
Results: Variation of the heavy metals concentrations were in the following order: Zn>Cu>Pb>Cr>Ni>As>Hg>Cd. The contents of some heavy metals were several order of magnitude higher than the crustal average (CA) values. Considering the Maximum Permissible Standards (MPS) and the Muller's index, the Cd, Cu, and Zn pollution were found to be in the moderate range, whereas As and Pb were in strongly polluted category; and Hg was in extremely polluted category. Considering MPS, the single-factor pollution index (PI) and the Nemerow’s synthetic pollution index (PN) were lower than 1 and 0.7 respectively. This indicated that the sludges were unpolluted with most heavy metals and could be safely applied for agricultural uses. However, a high potential ecological risk for As and Cd; very high risk for Pb; and extremely high risk for Hg were calculated when considering the CA values. There were significant differences between the levels of heavy metals and MPS (p <0.05).
Conclusion: Although the metal concentrations were below the MPS according to the US EPA regulations, sludge samples showed a high degree of potential ecological risk for the environment in comparision with the CA values,. Periodic monitoring of sludge quality are strongly recommended.  

Investigating the types and amounts of pesticides used in agriculture in the East Azerbaijan province
Mohammad Mosaferi, Jafar Yahyazadeh, Yusef Mohammadian, Farzaneh Moshtaghi,
Volume 17, Issue 2 (9-2024)
Abstract
Background and Objective: The use of pesticides poses serious risks to the health of living organisms. Knowing the type and amount of pesticide use can provide a good information base for managing potential risks from pesticide consumption. This study was carried out with the main objective of determining the types and amounts of pesticides used on agricultural land in East Azarbaijan Province in 2021.
Materials and Methods: Information about the pesticides have been gathered and analyzed by referring to the Agricultural Jihad Organization and other relevant authorities. Calculations related to the amount of pesticides used per unit area were made using the total area of agricultural lands in the province.
Results: Considering the frequency, 403 kinds of pesticides are used in the following order: Herbicides > Insecticides > Fungicides > Acaricides > Others > Disinfectants. Consdidering total consumption of 2873730 kg pesticides, the order based on the amount is: Insecticides > Herbicide > Fungicides > Miscellaneous > Acaricides and Disinfectants based on the amount. The total ratio of pesticides used to pesticides distributed through the official (government) channel is 2.51. The minimum, maximum, and mean consumption values in counties are 0.4, 21.4, and 4.21 ± 5.33 kg/ha, respectively, and for province is 2.38 kg/ha. There is a correlation between the amount of pesticide applied and the number of farmers and traders.
Conclusion: The consumption of pesticides in the province is higher than the world average. Appropriate management of pesticides is required from the viewpoints of environment and health protection.
 

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