Showing 17 results for Fenton
M Farrokhi, M Kouti, Gh.r Mousavi, A Takdastan,
Volume 2, Issue 2 (9-2009)
Abstract
Backgrounds and Objectives: Leachate is one of the landfill products and also a wastewaterbearing the most advers effects on the environment. Biological methods are usually employed for treatment of young leachate (1-2 years) wich is of high concentration of organic compounds with low molecular weight. However these methods are not approprate for mature leachate (5-10years) due to having high rate of compounds with molecular weight and the presence of materials resistant to biodegradation and toxic compounds . Advanced oxidation process such as Fenton reagent used in treatment or biodegrability improvement of strong wastewater. In the present study the degrability improvement of mature leachate through oxidation fenton process in bench scale and in batch reactorhas been investigated.
Materials and Methods: The samples have been taken from Ahwaz landfill and factors such as initial COD and BOD, pH, BOD5/COD were studies as degradability, the amount of Hydrogen Peroxide, Fe(II), optimal reaction time and optimal pH.
Results:The highest amount of COD removal was observed in PH=3-3.5 and 90 minutes of reaction time. H2O2=29700mg/land Fe2+=16500 mg/l in [Fe2+]/[H2O2]=1/14.8 molarity ratio were obtained as optimal amounts BOD5/COD was equal to 0.38.
Conclusion: This study indicates that Fenton oxidation enhances the biodegradability of leachate.
M Malakootian, N Jafarzadeh Haghighi Fard, M Ahmadian, M Loloei,
Volume 3, Issue 2 (7-2010)
Abstract
Backgrounds and Objectives: Untreated leachate is discharging into the environment in the many countries of worldwide. Leachate treatment methods have not been unified so far due to variable composition of leachate. Moreover, the uncontrolled management of leachate, cause many environmental dissociates. The aims of this study apply the Fenton process to decrease the pollutants of Kerman leachate.
Materials and Methods: Rawleachatewas obtained fromcompactor vehicles used for the collection of Kerman city solid waste, before final disposal. In order to removal of biodegradable organic compounds, a rector was built based on characteristics of landfill Kerman city and raw leachate underwent anaerobic treatment in this pilot. In the next stage, treated leachate in the pilot, was affected by Fenton process. The optimized parameters in Fenton process including pH, reaction time and dosage of H2O2 and Fe2+ were also studied.
Results: The results showed that TSS, BOD5 and COD decrease to 62*, 96*and 89*, respectively, after 60 days treatment in the pilot. BOD5/COD ratio also decreased from 0.6 to 0.2 in anaerobic treated leachate. In optimum condition (pH=3, reaction time=75 min, Fe2+=1400 mg/L and H2O2 = 2500 mg/L) maximum COD removal was 78 * by Fenton process. BOD5/COD ratio increased from 0.2 to 0.51 which showed an increase in biodegradability of leachate as a result of Fenton process.
Conclusion: anaerobic biologically treatment followed by Fenton processes could be assumed as an efficient process that could improved the leachate quality. Biological treatment to reduce leachate pollution alone was not enough. The most important Fenton process advantage is reduction of refractory and toxic leachate compounds and increasing leachate.s biodegradability.
Edris Bazrafshan, Ahmad Joneidi Jaafari, Ferdos Kord Mostafapour, Hamed Biglari,
Volume 5, Issue 2 (10-2012)
Abstract
MicrosoftInternetExplorer4
Background and Objectives: Presence of humic acids in
water resources is important because it is a precursor to disinfection
by-products (DBPs) and affects many treatment processes. In this study, we
investigated the performance of electrocoagulation process duad with hydrogen
peroxide (creating Fenton process) in removal of humic acids (HA) from aqueous
environment.
Materials and Methods: The experiments were performed using a 1 L bipolar batch reactor (covered with
the aluminum foil) equipped with iron electrodes and connected to electric
source having electrical potential 10 V in bipolar mode. First, reactor was
filled up using aqueous solution containing 20 mg/L HA. Later, several working
parameters, such as initial pH (3, 5, 7, and 8), electrical conductivity
produced from adding 1, 1.5, 2 and 3 g/l KCl and reaction time were studied to
achieve the highest humic acid removal capacity. To follow the progress of the
treatment, hydrogen peroxide (50 mg/l) was added to reactor and then samples of
10 ml were taken at 5, 15, 30, 45, and 60 min and then filtered (0.45 μ) to
eliminate sludge formed during electrolysis. Finally, humic acid and iron
concentration was measured using TOC analyzer and atomic absorption method
respectively.
Results: Results of
this study showed that the most effective removal capacities of humic acid
(97.19%) could be achieved when the pH was kept 5(KCl 3g/l and reaction time 60
min). The share of Fenton and electrocoagulation process was %7.9 and %92.1
respectively. In addition, our results indicated that the removal efficiency of
humic acid with increase of pH and electrical conductivity parameters decreases
and increases respectively.
Conclusion: It can be
concluded that the Fenton process duad with electrocoagulation process has the
potential to be utilized for cost-effective removal of humic acid from aqueous
environments.
Ramin Nabizadeh Nodehi, Hassan Aslani, Mahmood Alomohammadi, Reza Nemati, Kazem Naddafi, Maryam Ghany,
Volume 5, Issue 2 (10-2012)
Abstract
MicrosoftInternetExplorer4
Background and Objectives: Irrigation of agricultural crops using wastewater will
increase, in some cases, their growth by 40 to 60 percent. However, this has a
high risks for human health because of the presence of higher number of
pathogenic organisms. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the
feasibility use of Fenton and modified Fenton with copper for the disinfection
of raw wastewater.
Materials and Methods: After primarily laboratory physicochemical and biological analysis, the
disinfection process was performed in three different phases in each process.
First, the disinfectants were injected separately, then we performed
disinfection using Fe++ and cu++ ions combined with hydrogen peroxide in order
to determine synergistic effect of each catalyst. Direct method was used for
fecal coliforms counting.
Results: Hydrogen
peroxide maximum efficiency for inactivation of fecal coliforms was only
0.66log inactivation. Fenton and modified Fenton with copper ions showed a
remarkable effect on the bacterial inactivation so that Fenton and modified
Fenton with 1 and 2 mg/l of Cu++ inactivated coliforms by 4.73, 3.28, and 4.88
log respectively.
Conclusion: Application of HP alone for the disinfection of raw wastewater is not
practicable due to low observed efficiency. However, its combination with ions
such as Fe++ and Cu++ increases HP performance in disinfection and has a
notable synergistic effect on HP
disinfection power, where, in the presence of each catalyst, hydrogen
peroxide can reduce the fecal coliforms of raw wastewater to meet the Iranian
Environmental Protection Agency Standards.
Amir Bagheri, Gholamreza Moussavi, Ali Khavanin,
Volume 5, Issue 2 (10-2012)
Abstract
MicrosoftInternetExplorer4
Background and Objectives: Formaldehyde is a toxic substance and harmful to human
beings and the environmental health. Therefore, the effluents containing
formaldehyde have to be efficiently treated before discharging into the
environment. This study was aimed at investigating the efficiency of
Electro-Fenton (EF) Process in pre-treating industrial wastewater containing
high concentrations of formaldehyde.
Materials and Methods: The effect of the important operational variables including pH, current
density, H
2O
2 dosage, and reaction time were evaluated on the degradation of
7500 mg/L formaldehyde using batch tests. The EFP batch reactor was consisted
of a cylindrical glass column with 5.20 cm in internal diameter and 34.50 cm in
height. Working volume of the reactor was 500 mL.
Results: The maximum
formaldehyde removal was obtained at alkaline pH of 10, H
2O
2 concentration of
10 mM/min, current intensity 8.5 mA/cm2, and the reaction time of 6 minute.
Furthermore, aerating the EFP cell could enhance the formaldehyde removal.
Complete removal of formaldehyde was obtained under the abovementioned
operational conditions.
Conclusion: This study
demonstrated that the EFP is capable of reducing high concentration of
formaldehyde (7500 mg/l) to the level suitable for biological post-treatment.
Akbar Eslami, Mohammad Reza Massoudinejad, Farshid Ghanbari, Mahsa Moradi,
Volume 5, Issue 3 (10-2012)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Electro-Fenton process has been widely applied for dye removal from
aqueous solution lately. Fenton's reagent is formed in the electrolysis medium
through the simultaneous electrochemical reduction of O2 and Fe3+ to H2O2 and
Fe2+ respectively on the cathode surface. In this paper, COD reduction
potential and decolorization of real textile wastewater were evaluated by
electrochemically generated Fenton reagent process. This wastewater mainly
contains non-biodegradable acidic dyes, which are highly resistant against
conventional oxidizing agents.
Materials and Methods:
Electro-Fenton process was carried out in an open and undivided cell in order
to evaluate the removal of color and COD from real textile wastewater using
graphite felt (cathode) and Pt plate (anode) at room temperature. The effects
of current density, flow rate of air, electrolysis time, initial pH, and
ferrous ion concentration were investigated for real textile wastewater.
Results: The results
showed that the optimal experimental conditions obtained in electrochemical
studies were as follows: current density=4.8 mA cm-2, pH=3, flow rate of
air=1.5L/min, Fe2+=3mM and reaction time=160 min. Under these conditions, COD
removal and decolorization achieved were 63% and 77.2% respectively.
Conclusion: According
to the results achieved, electro-Fenton process can be used as a pretreatment
for degradation of colored wastewater and refractory pollutants. Moreover, this
feasible technology improves biodegradability of the textile wastewater.
Mohammad Malakootian, Mahdi Asadi, Amir Hossein Mahvi,
Volume 5, Issue 4 (2-2013)
Abstract
MicrosoftInternetExplorer4
Background and Objectives: Synthetic dyes represent one of the largest groups of
pollutants in wastewater of dying industries. Discharging these wastewaters
into receiving streams not only affects the aesthetic but also reduces
photosynthetic activity. Electrochemical advanced oxidation processes such as
Electro-Fenton process are low operational and have high mineralization degree
of pollutants. In this study, we investigated affective factors in this process
to determine the optimum conditions for dye and COD removal from aqueous
solutions containing Reactive Blue 19 dye.
Materials and Methods: Synthetic samples containing Reactive Blue 19 dye were prepared by dissolving
dye powder in double distilled water. and the the solution prepared was
transferred into pilot electrochemical cell having two anode and cathode
electrode made of iron and carbon. Electro-Fenton process was began by adding
of Fe
2+ ions and establishing electrical potential difference. After
testing and at specified time intervals, each sample was collected from the
pilot cell, and process performance was evaluated through measuring dye
concentration and COD.
Results: Based on the
results obtained, optimum conditions of Electro-Fenton process for dye and COD
removal was determined. Accordingly, potential difference of 20 volt for dye
concentration up to 100 mg/L and potential difference of 30 volt for dye
concentration of more than 200 mg/L, reaction time 60 minutes, 0.5 mg/L of Fe
2+ concentration and suitable pH for the maximum dye removal efficiency equaled 4
respectively. Under such conditions, the dye and COD removal was 100 and 95%
respectively.
Conclusion: Based on
the results obtained, it was revealed that Electro-Fenton process has
significant ability in not only dye removal but also in COD removal.
Accordingly, it was found that the effective parameters in Electro-Fenton
process for removal Reactive Blue19 dye are electric potential difference,
concentration of iron ions and electrolysis time.
Somayeh Golbaz, Ahmad Jonidi Jafari, Roshanak Rezaei Kalantari,
Volume 5, Issue 4 (2-2013)
Abstract
MicrosoftInternetExplorer4
Background and Objectives: Cyanide is a toxic pollutant existing in the various
industrial effluents such as iron and steel, coal mining, non-ferrous metals
manufacturing and metal plating. Its presence in water resources and
wastewater, as serious hazardous substances leads to undesirable effects on
both the environment and human. Thus, its concentration control is essential
for human health. The main goal of this study was to evaluate Fenton process
efficiency in cyanide removal from aqueous solution.
Materials and Methods: This
is an experimental study Conducted at Lab scale in a batch system. We
investigated effect of different variables including pH, mole ratio of Fe
2+/
H
2O
2, contact time, and initial concentration of cyanide.
Data were analyzed using Excel software.
Results: We found that
cyanide with initial concentrations of 0.4 mM/L was reduced by 92 %. This
removal result was related to oxidizing agent of hydroxyl radicals under
optimum conditions including pH = 4, molar ratio Fe
2+/ H
2O
2=
0.046 (Fe
2+=0.27 mM/L) after 6o min reaction time. An increase in
reaction time was not improved cyanide removal efficiency. Moreover, the Fenton
process efficiency in cyanide removal decreased from 92 to 60 %, by increasing
the initial cyanide concentration from 0.4 to 0.6 mM/L.
Conclusion: It can be
concluded that Fenton oxidation Process can be considered as a suitable
alternative for cyanide removal to achieve environmental standards.
Behrooz Karimi, Mohamad Sadeg Rajaie, Mohamad Javad Ghanadzadeh, Masome Mashayekhi,
Volume 6, Issue 4 (3-2014)
Abstract
Backgrounds and Objectives: Nowadays, global concerns about nitrate in groundwater and its adverse impact on health have increased. This study aims to evaluate the efficiency of nitrate reduction from aqueous solution through modified Fenton process using Nano scale zero-valent iron. Material and Methods: This research was an experimental study and performed at laboratory scale. Nitrate reduction was conducted by advanced oxidation process of Fe°/FeІІ/FeШ/H2O2 at pH 2-10, contact time 10-90 min, nitrate concentrations of 50-300 mg/L, and the molar ratio of [H2O2]/[Fe] 0.5-5. The effect of adding H2O2, molar ratio of reagents, contact time, and pH on nitrate removal was examined and optimal conditions for each of these parameters were determined. Spectrophotometer Dr/5000 was used to measure nitrate in the effluent. Results: We found that the optimal parameters in our studywere pH 3, the molar ratio [H2O2]/[Fe°] of 0.5, and the contact time 15 min. By applying these conditions, nitrate removal efficiency at the retention time 15 min, initial nitrate concentration of 100 mg/L, iron concentration of 10 mg/L, and pH 4 for FeШ، FeІІ، Fe°، FeІІ/Fe°/H2O2 and FeШ/Fe°/H2O2 was 10.5, 27.6, 36.5, 62.3, and 74% respectively. Conclusion: According to the experimental results, it was determined that modified Fenton process using zero iron nano-particles can reduce nitrate under optimal conditions and this method can be used for the removal of similar compounds.
Alireza Rahmani, Jamal Mehralipoor, Amir Shabanlo,
Volume 7, Issue 2 (10-2014)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Electrochemical methods as one of the advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), have been applied effectively to degrade recalcitrant organics in aqueous solutions. In the present work, the performance of electro-Fenton (EF) method using iron electrodes on the degradation of phenol was studied. Materials and Methods: In this study, a lab-scale EF batch reactor equipped with four electrodes and a DC power supply was used for removing phenol. The effect of operating parameters such as pH, voltage, H2O2 and initial phenol concentration and operating time were evaluated. We added H2O2 manually to the reactor while iron anode electrode was applied as a ferrous ion source. Results: It was found that initial pH of the solution, initial H2O2 concentration, applied voltages were highly effective on the phenol removal efficiency in this process, so that 87% of phenol after 15 min of reaction at pH=3.0, voltage 26 V and H2O2 100 mg/L was removed. Phenol removal efficiency decreased with increasing pH, so that at pH 10, after 15 min, efficiency was 11%. To remove 99.99% phenol at pH 3, 100 mg/L concentration of H2O2 and voltage 26 V for 60 min was required. Conclusion: Electro-Fenton process using iron electrodes for phenol degradation and remediation of wastewater could be a promising process.
S. Jorfi, A. Rezaee, N. Jaafarzadeh Haghighifard, G.a Moheb-Ali,
Volume 7, Issue 3 (5-2014)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Because of problems dealing with bioremediation including being time consuming, low efficiency and toxicity to biota, application of advanced oxidation processes with higher efficiency and shorter remediation time have been considered for removal of hydrophobic hydrocarbons from contaminated soils. A great interest has been directed to Fenton oxidation because of its simplicity and high oxidation potential. The objective of this study was to determine the Fenton-like oxidation efficiency for pyrene removal from soil using iron nano oxides and Fe2+. Material and Methods: The H2O2/Fe molar ratios of unadjusted with native Fe content of soil, 10, and 20 H2O2 concentrations of 0 – 500 mM pH 3, 5, and 7 and soil samples containing Fe2+, native iron and iron nano oxides were investigated for removal of 100 mg/kg pyrene according to Taguchi experimental design. Results: Fe2+, H2O2/Fe molar ratio of 20, pH 3 and H2O2 concentration of 500 mM were determined as optimum conditions. Under optimum conditions, S/N ratio increased to 39.322 and the pyrne removal reached to 86 % for Fe2+ and 83 % for Fe3+ respectively, after 2 hours of reaction time and pH 3. Conclusion: Fenton oxidation using iron nano oxides under defined optimum conditions and neutral pH, can be a suitable alternative to conventional Fenton for remediation of soils contaminated with pyrene.
R Nabizadeh, K Naddafi, A Jonidi Jafari, M Yunesian, A Koolivand,
Volume 7, Issue 3 (5-2014)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Remaining crude oil in storage tanks lead to accumulation of oily sludge at the bottom of the tank, which should be treated and disposed of in a suitable manner. The aim of the present study was to investigate the efficiency of chemical oxidation using H2O2 and Fenton’s reagent in removal of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH) from bottom sludge of crude oil storage tanks. Materials & methods: In this experimental study, hydrogen peroxide and Fenton’s reagent were added to the sludge in six concentrations including 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 30% (w w-1) and TPH was measured for a period of 24 and 48 h of reaction time. The oxidants were added in a single and stepwise addition way, both to the pristine and saturated sludge. The elemental analysis of sludge and TPH measurement were carried out using ICP and TNRCC methods respectively. Results: The mean TPH removal of 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 30% oxidant concentrations were 1.55, 9.03, 23.85, 33.97, 41.23, and 53.03%, respectively. The highest removal efficiency was achieved in stepwise addition to the saturated sludge. Increasing oxidation time from 24 to 48 h had a little effect on increase in TPH removal. Moreover, the removal efficiency of H2O2 and Fenton was nearly similar. Conclusions: Mere application of chemical oxidation is not capable of complete treatment of the sludge but it is an effective process as a pre-treatment step for decreasing toxicity and increasing its biodegradability.
M. Arbabi, M.a. Ahmadi, M. Sedehi,
Volume 7, Issue 3 (5-2014)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Bakery’s yeast industry wastewater contains various pollutants and is generally characterized with high chemical oxygen demand (COD), dark color, high-nitrogen and sulfate and non-biodegradable organic pollutants. Having persistent soluble colored compounds (called melanoidins), effluent from yeast industry is a major source of water and soil pollution. The aim of this study was to evaluate advanced oxidation efficiency using Fenton process for COD and color removal from bakery’s yeast wastewater. Materials and Methods: This was an experimental- laboratory scale study. In this study, the effect of time and Fenton concentrations were tested for COD and color removal from bakery’s yeast wastewater. The sample used for this study was yeast effluent from Separator 2 with initial concentrations of COD and color of 5300 mg/L and 6950 pt-co respectively. In order to obtain the optimum operating conditions of the process, Taguchi analysis method was used. Experiments were carried out in five stages of the time in the range of 15, 30, 45, 60 and 75 min with various concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (e.g., 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, and 0.1 molar) and concentrations of Fe2+ (e.g., 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, and 0.05 molar) at pH = 3. Jar test method was used to determine the best operating conditions including: reaction time, dosages of hydrogen peroxide and Fe2+. Results: According to Taguchi method and SN-ratio analysis, the best H2O2/Fe2+ dosages were 0.08/0.04 molar at pH 3 and in reaction time of 30 min for removal of COD and color. For these conditions, the maximum COD and color removal efficiencies were 63 and 69 percent respectively. Based on the results, with increasing reaction time, there was no perceptible change in the removal efficiency. Conclusion: It can be concluded that Fenton’s oxidation method can be used successfully, as an alternative option to the design and choice of color and COD removal from strength industrial wastewaters e.g., bakery’s yeast industry.
H Khorsandi, A Mohammadi, F Kariminejad, M Haghighi, R Alizadeh,
Volume 7, Issue 4 (1-2015)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Entering LAS through the wastewater plant’s effluent to water resources causes taste and odor changes, aquatics death, oxygen transfer limitation, and disorders in water treatment processes. Therefore, the study objective was to determine optimum conditions for fenton oxidation process to remove linear alkyl benzene sulfonate from aqueous environments using taguchi method and its requirement evaluation for additional treatment of Biolac effluent. Materials &Methods: LAS removal using Fenton oxidation was evaluated in a 500 mL laboratory-scale batch reactor. In order to save the costs, to determine the optimum conditions of the Fenton oxidation, 25 runs were computed using Taghuchi method by Minitab 16 software. Sampling and required tests were performed based on standard methods examination for water and wastewater. For evaluation of Biolac process sufficiency in LAS removal, biolac efficiency in Urmia Wastewater Treatment Plant was studied in 2012. Results: Based on the LAS removal and chemicals required, Minitab software (Ver. 16) recommended the optimum conditions of Fenton oxidation at 900 mg/L H2O2, 170 mg/L Ferrous ion, pH of 4, and reaction time of 20 minutes. It was found that the Fenton oxidation for LAS removal had 86.5% efficiency under optimum condithions and it was second order reaction with the rate coefficient of 0.0152 L/mg.min. Biolac process does not need any additional treatment due to meeting LAS standard in municipal wastewater treatment. Thus, this process decreased annually mean LAS from 5.28 mg/L to 0.734 mg/L in municipal wastewater. Conclusion: Although the Fenton oxidation appears as a chemical process with high efficiency in the removal of LAS, the low efficiency of COD corresponding to the LAS indicated partial decomposition of linear alkyl benzene sulfonate by Fenton oxidation.
Sh Goodarzi, Gh Shams Khoramabadi, M Esmaty, Ma Karami, A Hossein Panahi,
Volume 12, Issue 2 (9-2019)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Wastewater from pharmaceutical industry has high chemical oxygen demand as a result of the presence of organic drugs and antibiotics. In order to meet the environmental requirements, several treatment methods like chemical and electrochemical methods have been widely applied due to their high ability to remove organic compounds from pharmaceutical wastewater. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of chemical coagulation/Electro-Fenton treatment method to degrade the organic matter-containing pharmaceutical industry wastewater.
Materials and Methods: The experimental tests were carried out using batch mode. The chemical coagulation process was evaluated as a function of aluminum chloride concentration (25-300 mg/L) and pH (3-10). The effluent from chemical coagulation process was transferred to Electro-Fenton reactor. Effects of H2O2 concentration (100-4000 mg/L), reaction time (up to 120 min), voltage (10-30 V), and pH (3-10) were evaluated. The removal efficiency was determined in term of COD removal.
Results: The results showed that the highest removal of COD in the chemical coagulation was 49% (coagulant dose of 200 mg/L, and pH of 7). In addition, the Electro-Fenton process could be eliminating of 93.5% of COD at the optimum conditions concentration (100 mg/L H2O2, voltage of 20, pH of 3, and contact time of 30 min).
Conclusion: According to the results, it can be concluded that the combination of chemical and electrochemical processes was found to be effective methods for treatment of pharmaceutical wastewater in comparison to the application of each process separately. To reach to the maximum removal efficiency, the environmental parameters should be carefully controlled at their optimum values in each single process.
Davood Jalili Naghan, Abdolmajid Fadaei, Alireza Mahmoodi, Rouhollah Khodadadi, Shahnaz Razazi,
Volume 14, Issue 1 (5-2021)
Abstract
Background and Objective: N-methylpyrrolidine is a highly potent solvent with toxic and adverse ecological properties that has historically been widely used in the chemical and petrochemical industries. Due to the health and safety، toxicity and environmental effects of effluents containing NMP، these effluents should be pre-treated before biological treatment methods. The aim of this study was to remove N-methylpyrrolidone by photo- Fenton process.
Materials and Methods: For testing, solutions such as sulfuric acid, iron sulfate 7, oxygenated water, sodium hydroxide and distilled water were added to N-methypyrrolidine compounds in the reactor. Then, the removal process was investigated in two stages: complete mixing and adding solutions.
Results: The results revealed that the Fenton process cannot be used successfully to treat the hypothetical refinery effluent containing NMP. However، the photo-phanton process mineralized and degraded the NMP composition. Increase in 30% H2O2 concentration to the optimal dose of 1 mL led to the highest degradation (94%) and decrease in COD level of solution (42.1%).
Conclusion: It can be concluded that advanced oxidation by photo-phanton reaction can be a promising advanced oxidation technology for decomposition and pre-treatment of NMP-containing wastewaters for further biological treatment.
Hanieh Mirbolooki, Mehrshad Hajibabaei,
Volume 14, Issue 2 (9-2021)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Antibiotics are hardly decomposable and resistant contaminants in the environment that according to their anti-biological properties, it is necessary to eliminate or reduce the amount of them before entering the environment. Therefore, the main goal of this research is to investigate the Fenton and Fenton-like process efficiency for the treatment of wastewater containing Spiramycin antibiotic.
Materials and Methods: The effect of independent variables including pH, contact time, oxidant concentration (H2O2), and catalyst concentration (Fe2+ and Fe3+) on the COD removal efficiency were measured using COD meter. The ranges and number of experiments were assigned by RSM (Response surface method) using design expert software.
Results: The optimum conditions of Fenton process with treatment efficiency of 63.31% were obtained at pH 4, hydrogen peroxide concentration of 50 mg/L, Fe2+ concentration of 75 mg/L and contact time of 5 min. The optimum conditions of Fenton-like process with treatment efficiency of 51.21% were obtained at pH 3, hydrogen peroxide concentration of 60 mg/L, Fe3+ concentration of 137.5 mg/L and contact time of 32.5 min. Based on the ANOVA analysis results, the f value in Fenton method indicates that the model is significant.
Conclusion: According to the results, Fenton oxidation process was selected as the optimum method to remove COD from synthetic wastewater containing Spiramycin antibiotic which may be applied as an efficient method for the treatment of wastewaters containing antibiotic.
