Iranian Journal of

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Backgrounds and Objectives: Landfill site selection is an important action in integrated solid waste management process. Difference criteria should be paid attention in site selection, so using of special methods are necessary to assimilate the criteria. In this research, GIS software and Analytical Hierarchy Process were used.
Materials and Methods: First of all, maps were built in considering to economical, social and environmental factors, in next step, each layer, was graded. Low grade showed non coordination or less coordination and high grade showed more coordination.
Results: Assimilate of graded map in AHP process, separates area into unsuitable, suitable and very
suitable parts.
Conclusion: Very suitable parts can have high priority in decision making and also suitable parts can have high priority for development projects in future.

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MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 Background and Objectives: Electric and magnetic fields in the workplace are one of the detrimental factors of power plants, transmission lines, electrical wires, and electrical equipments, therefore, exposure to these fields might be harmful for human health. This study aimed to provide information about intensity of the electromagnetic fields at the high voltage electricity posts and its comparison with the threshold limit value (TLV). 
Materials and Methods: The study was conducted at one of the high voltage electricity post in Zanjan City having 63, 230, and 400 KV power transmission lines. After identifying  stations and measuring the intensity of these fields, GIS maps were prepared and the values were compared with permissible values.
Results: The measured magnetic flux density at different parts of the high voltage post showed that the lowest and  highest intensity were 1.69 and 153.7 mG respectively which were lower than the ACGIH TLVs.The lowest and  highest intensity of the electric field  were 0.008 and 38.07 KV/m respectively. The highest value belonged to the 400 KV line, which exceeds the recommended ACGIH TLV (25 KV/m).
Conclusion: According to the results, the magnetic field intensity was below the TLVs, but the intensity of electric field measured in the 400 KV line was greater  than its TLVs. Thus, the strategies and recommendations for reducing exposure should be taken.

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Background and Objective: The aim of  noise control in a community is to improve its management in the community, because the traffic noise can affect neighboring residential areas. Well-planned noise management can eliminate this major and harmful component issue, which is one of the stresses of urban life on human health. However, before planning to decrease urban noise, it is necessary to determine the very noisy areas in a given city. Therefore, the objective of this study was to measure the main noise indices at the noisy areas of Zanjan City, Iran.

Materials and Methods: This study was performed in the central area of Zanjan City, with heavy traffic. For this purpose, the equivalent sound level (L_eq), the day-night sound level (L_dn), the day-evening-night sound level (L_den), the noise pollution level (NP) and the traffic noise index (TNI) were measured in 19 stations in the first half (winter and spring) of 2012. The measurements were conducted in the main streets of this area as recommended by EPA guidelines and finally the results obtained were mapped using the ArcGIS (Ver. 10.2) software. 

Results: the noise maps in GIS showed clearly the variations of L_eq, L_dn, and L_den indices in the study field area. Moreover, it was found that the hourly variations of L_eq, L_dn and L_den in stations are completely function of population movements and therefore traffic loads in the Zanjan city center. In addition, the extent of violation of traffic noise level from the ambient noise standard was estimated by L_den at 100% stations (greater than 55 dB). The TNI values at 67  and 100% stations  were more than 74 dB (A), but  in the evenings the TNI values at  100% of stations  were more than 74 dB (A). The NP values at 78% sampling stations were more than 80 dB  implying  traffic noise was annoying in the most stations and times.

Conclusion: Using noise maps, NP and TNI indices can help intelligent traffic control planning, because the noise maps can be used to represent the movement of people in different times and parts of a city.   

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Background and Objective: There are major mobile and non-mobile pollution sources due to human activities that can influence aquifers and reduce groundwater quality. Vulnerability assessment is an inexpensive procedure in to identify areas prone to the pollutants. Identification of these sources is essential in water resources management. Mahidasht Plain is one of the important regions of Kermanshah province and plays a significant role in the production of agricultural products. Water supply for agriculture may be at risk due to the indiscriminate withdrawal of groundwater resources of the plains, the recent droughts and potable water requirements. Therefore, analysis and evaluation of the area helps to make better decisions on proper management and control of water pollution.

Materials and Methods: Vulnerability, which is defined as the sensitivity of groundwater quality to pollution load, was applied and determined using intrinsic features of the aquifer. In this study, we have studied inherent vulnerability of the Mahidasht aquifer against pollution by using DRASTIC model and GIS. Seven parameters for the zoning of aquifer vulnerability was used in the DRASTIC method, including depth to the water table, net recharge, aquifer material, soil type, topography, impact of vadose zone and hydraulic conductivity. These parameters were prepared as seven layers of information in Arc GIS10 Software. The data collected for the purpose of this study were taken fromwells log, 44 piezometer in the area, pumping experiments and three rain-gauge stations. The layers prepared in Arc GIS10 software were weighted, ranked and eventually integrated.

Results: The DRASTIC index calculated for the plain ranged from 34 to 120 units. On this basis and according to the standards listed for DRASTIC index, the aquifer was in a vulnerable group with a low or no risk.

Conclusion: DRASTIC model output showed an inherent vulnerability of the aquifer. The model can be used as a primary tool in the development and management of water resources in the future. In addition, this model is not able to produce information about amount and type of pollutants. Therefore, it is recommended to examine the salinity zoning in the future research due to less rainfall and decreasing underground water level and consequently the higher probability of salinity in underground water. Additionally, the domestic and industrial wastewater, sewage irrigation and the fraction used for groundwater recharge should be considered in order to validate the results of Drastic model.