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Showing 4 results for Guilan
Qualitative Analysis Of The Coastal Strip South Of The  Caspian Sea Waters And Determine  Environmental Health Indicators In Coastal Projects Of Guilan 
Ramin Nabizadeh, Masoud Binesh Brahmand, Kazem Naddefi, Ali Reza Mesdaghiniya,
Volume 5, Issue 1 (4-2012)
Abstract
MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 Background and Objectives: Guilan province, with unique environmental values ​​of the Caspian Sea is located in the southwest of Caspian Sea. Disposal of untreated domestic sewage, industrial and agricultural surface water cause pollution of the Caspian Sea region and endanger the health of swimmers. This study performed to determine the microbial contamination of coastal water in Guilan. 
Materials and Methods: In this work, 21 sampling point in the Caspian Sea littoral provinces of Guilan were selected and microbial contaminations were assessed using   microbial indicators of fecal and total coliform. Parameters such as pH, temperature, and turbidity also monitored during the year. In this study, 122 samples were taken and then analyzed by statistical software.
Results: The results showed that the average values of total coliform and fecal coliform were 234.8 and  60 MPN per 100 ml, respectively. The fecal pollution appeared to be high in some stations. Also significant relationship between temperature, turbidity and microbial contamination was observed (P< 0.05).
Conclusion: The results revealed high total coliform in the two stations. The average fecal coliform of six stations were higher than the local standards.

 

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Evaluation of roadside soils pollution with heavy metals (Pb, Ni, Cu, Zn) in the Rasht-Qazvin old road (Guilan province)
Mohsen Mohammadi Galangash, Rezvan Ghasemi Zolpirani, Mohammad Naimi Joubani,
Volume 13, Issue 3 (11-2020)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Contamination of roadside soils with heavy metals is a serious threat to soil ecosystems and organisms and human health. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the concentration of heavy metals in the roadside soils of the Rasht-Qazvin old road.
Materials and Methods: 10 out-of-town sampling sites were selected via the field observation of the entire area. surface soil sampling with three replicates was performed around the Rasht-Qazvin old road.  Heavy metals concentrations were measured using ICP-OES following samples preparation and acid digestion. The pollution level of heavy metals was assessed using geoaccumulation index (Igeo) and potential ecological risk index (PERI).
Results: The results showed that the average concentrations of Zn, Cu, Ni and Pb in the roadside soils were 58.07, 19.96, 20.26 and 23.21 mg/kg, respectively. The findings showed that concentration of Zn and Ni were higher than background values and the amount of Zn exceeded WHO standard limit. The potential ecological risk index (PERI) with an average value of 86.24, indicated low level of pollution for all of the studied metals. The results of geoaccumulation index (Igeo) revealed moderately contamination level of Ni.
Conclusion: Old roads are generally known as one of the sources of pollution for the surrounding lands. Although the concentration of pollutants around the road is expected to be very high, we did not detect elevated levels of heavy metals. This fact can be explained by the current road repairs and widening, agricultural activities on marginal lands and wind blows in mountainous regions which leads to the dispersion of the soil pollutants.

Greenhouse gas emission inventory and quantifying regional compatible mitigation plans-horizon 2030 (case study: Guilan province, Iran)
Ali Ahmadi Orkomi,
Volume 15, Issue 1 (4-2022)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Greenhouse gas emission estimation and submitting a regular national report on climate change has been underway since 2003. Given the importance of this issue, estimating emissions at the provincial level and assessing local emission management capacities will make the country more agile in reporting and emission control.
Materials and Methods: The greenhouse gas emission in four sectors as energy, industry, agriculture, forestry and other landuse and wastes and all sub-sectors of these areas was determined in Guilan Province. The annual emission has been estimated using the 2019 activity data and the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) software.
Results: The gross and per capita greenhouse gases’ emission of the province are 18.5 Mt and 7.31 tons per year carbon dioxide equivalent, respectively, so that the annual ecological supply of forests to capture greenhouse gases is estimated at 2 Mt. The thermal power plants, residential consumption (except electricity) and transportation sectors are the major emission sectors in the province with 36, 23 and 19% share, respectively. Out of four scenarios, the wind farms development scenario (nominal capacity 3 GW) and 10% energy savings in the residential sector reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 9% and 2.9%, respectively. The cumulative impact of all the proposed scenarios by 2030 will also lead to a 13% reduction in emissions compared to the current situation.
Conclusion: Considering the existing capacities in the clean power generation and energy saving in the residential sector, it is possible to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases by 13% by 2030. Since the proposed scenarios are regionalized and do not depend on management decisions in other provinces, they have good feasibility. Consequently, if clean power generation plans are established in other provinces and energy consumption management in the transport sector is applied at the national scale, it may be expected that the country's minimum commitments (4% reduction compared to 2010) will be met.
 
Cigarette butts pollution on Guilan beaches and the main factors affecting their distribution
Sanaz Ghaffari, Alireza Riyahi Bakhtiari, Seyed Mahmoud Ghasempouri, Ali Nasrolahi,
Volume 16, Issue 3 (12-2023)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Today, cigarette butts have become one of the most significant forms of waste. This study aims to assess the level of cigarette butts pollution along the Guilan coasts and explore the factors influencing their distribution. Additionally, this study discusses experiences and management options related to this issue.
Materials and Methods: In this study, we implemented a standard sampling method adapted from the "NOAA Marine Debris Program" to collect samples from eight beaches. Each station yielded 18 square quadrant measuring 1 × 1 m2. We estimated the severity of cigarette butt pollution along the Iranian coastline and conducted a review of published articles on the harmful effects of cigarette butts.
Results: The density of cigarette butts ranged from 0.22 to 2.11 items/m2. Bojagh National Park showed the lowest contamination of cigarette butts, while Bandar Anzali exhibited the highest. The results indicate an increase in cigarette butt pollution on beaches in densely populated cities compared to less developed coastal areas. Moreover, stations corresponding to tourist beaches and coasts with gentle slopes have a higher potential for cigarette butt accumulation. The level of cigarette butts pollution along the coasts of Bandar Anzali may be attributed to the extensive tourism activities on these beaches.
Conclusion: Given the high level of cigarette butt pollution on crowded coasts, it is imperative to identify beaches with a higher potential for waste accumulation and implement plans for coastal waste cleanup. Furthermore, effective management programs should be developed to promote cultural awareness and reduce cigarette butt contamination.
 

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