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Showing 3 results for Health Effects
The Study of the Status of Electromagnetic Waves Resulting from BTS (Base Transceiver Station), 900 Megahertz Frequency in Tehran
P Nasiri, M.r Monazam, S Zare, K Azam, Z Yousefi, R Hematjo,
Volume 4, Issue 3 (10-2011)
Abstract

Background and Objectives: with the developments of technology, contact with various frequencies of electromagnetic fields ( EMF ) has significantly increased, while the abundant benefits of using microwaves in routine life cannot be neglected. During recent years there have been reports of adverse effects caused by contact with electric and magnetic fields of these waves that spread from BTS antennas. The purpose of this study is the measurement of microwaves spreading around BTS antennas in Tehran.
Materials and Methods:  according to the location of BTS antennas in Tehran , power density of electromagnetic waves around 63 antennas in near and distant fields in different distances was measured. The measurements were performed using the standard method of IEEE Std C95.1 by Hi-4333 device .in order to analysis  data we used spss 16 and descriptive and deductive statistical tests.
Results: results of this study show that in the near field, with increase of distance  from the foot of antenna , the  average power density of electromagnetic waves increase in a way that in the distance of 10 meters from the antenna foot , the increase of average power density is hardly conceivable and from 10 to 15 meters distance is perfectly noticeable. But in the distant field, with increase of distance from 20 meters, the average power density of the electromagnetic waves decreases and from 100 meter and further, the gradient of the diagram will get almost linear and the rate of power density reaches the base limit in a way that with the increase of distance there would be no significant decrease.
Conclusion: All the measures of power density of electromagnetic waves caused by BTSs are about 0.06% of recommended measures of environmental standards and 0.0000013% of occupational standards. The results of this study are close to the results of other studies.


Designing and Development of a Software System for Calculating the Air Quality Health Index (AQHI) and Its Verification Based on Actual Stations Data
M Asghari, R Nabizadeh, H Norzad, H Mortezaee,
Volume 9, Issue 3 (12-2016)
Abstract

Background and Objective: Increasing air pollution and consequently adversely effects on the quality of life for many people has resulted in the use of the air quality indice for determination of the actual amount of pollutants and air quality, as one of the most important and effective measures for air quality control, to be considered further. The air quality health index (AQHI) is a new index related to air pollution developed in collaboration with Environment Canada and Health Canada, in 2001. The purpose of this study was to design and develop a software system for calculating AQHI for the first time in the country that calculates the health effects caused by the presence of several pollutants (NO2, O3,PM10, and PM2.5) at the same time with a new approach.

Materials and Methods: To achieve those aims, the software was designed and coded in Visual Basic. Net. After preparation of the software, it was tested using the real-time database of  six air pollution monitoring stations in Tehran including Aghdasyeh, Setad Bohran, Shahrdari 4, Golbarg, Park-e- Roz, and Shahrdari 11.

Results: This program is a software package installed on the computer with the possibility of exporting Excel file. The performance of software testing was verified using real data.

Conclusion: The results of the verification tests show that the index calculated by the software introduced and presented in this study can be used as a useful tool to assess air quality.


Spatial variablities and health impact assessment of ambient PM2.5 in Tehran during 2023-2024
Zahra Nasiri, Kazem Naddafi, Ali Ahmadi Orkomi, Mohammad Sadegh Hassanvand, Sasan Faridi,
Volume 17, Issue 4 (3-2025)
Abstract
Background and Objective: The present study was designed to investigate the spatial and temporal (hourly, daily, monthly, and seasonal) variations in ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations in Tehran from 21 March, 2023, to 19 March, 2024, and estimate the number of premature deaths attributable to PM2.5.
Materials and Methods: Hourly PM2.5 data were obtained from 41 air quality monitoring stations across Tehran. Subsequently, 29 validated stations were identified for assessing spatial changes in pollutant concentrations and estimating the associated health effects. The latest version of the AirQ+ software (version 2.2.4) was employed to estimate health impacts attributable to PM2.5. Additionally, updated baseline data and the population of Tehran were used to assess the health effects of air pollution.
Results: The annual average concentration of ambient PM2.5 in Tehran over the study period was approximately 32 µg/m³ for the entire city. At validated monitoring stations and across neighborhoods, the concentrations ranged from 20.8–47.5 µg/m³ and 22.2–46.3 µg/m³, respectively. These levels were approximately 4 to 9 times higher than the World Health Organization's (WHO) annual air quality guidelines and 2 to 4 times higher than the NAAQS. The number of deaths attributable to long-term exposure to ambient PM2.5 in adults aged 30 and above in Tehran during the study period was estimated to be 9,321 (95% confidence interval: 7,232–10,313) for concentrations exceeding 5 µg/m³.
Conclusion: The results of this study highlight that ambient PM2.5 concentrations in Tehran over the study period consistently exceeded the WHO air quality guideline and the NAAQS. Furthermore, a comparison of pollutant concentrations across all validated monitoring stations and neighborhoods reveals that residents in all parts of Tehran experienced poor air quality. However, concentrations were significantly higher in some areas, particularly the central and southern parts of the city, compared to the northern regions.
 

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