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Showing 6 results for Industries
Microbiological and Chemical Quality of Water in Food Industries with Low Content of Water at End Products
M Mosaferi, H Taghipour, A Ostadrahimi, Sh Nazmara,
Volume 1, Issue 2 (3-2009)
Abstract

Background and Objectives: In the production of some high-consumed food products like cake, biscuit, chocolate and spaghetti water is used in the preparing of primary material and in the kneading processes. At the present study microbiological and chemical quality of consumed water in food industries of East Azerbaijan Province were studied.
Materials and Methods: Eleven factories with different products were selected. Water samples were collected and analyzed regarding the microbiological contamination and chemical parameters, and heavy metals. In addition, condition of water quality in selected industry was surveyed during the summer.
Results: According to the results, monitoring of water quality in the studied industries is not suitable. The chemical characteristics of consumed water in those industries had major differences. Ni, Cr, Zn, Fe and Mn were present in all analyzed water but in lower concentration than national Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL). Pb was measured in higher concentration than MCL in spaghetti factory no. 2 and close to MCL in wiener and frankfurter and sugar industries. Cd was close to MCL in spaghetti factory no. 2 and wiener and frankfurter industries.
Conclusion: It was concluded that for the safety and health of food products the food industries should use the public water supply system as water source at least in food processing units or in the units of preparing of primary materials. Also for the preventing of chemical pollution of food products it is necessary, pay more attention to the subject of water quality control according to the special water standard of food industries, and using less volume of water in some food industry isn.t acceptable reason for neglecting of water quality monitoring and assessing. In addition it is required to analyze heavy metals in the final products of those industries.


Determination of Near Infrared Radiation(IR-A) at Work Unit in One of The Iran Steel Industries
N Jaafarzadeh Haghighi Fard, S Salamat, Z Rezvani, M.a Behrooz,
Volume 2, Issue 3 (11-2009)
Abstract

Backgrounds and Objectives: As industries are developed, human uses of the energy in the huge scale and release the loss  energy in the form of electromagnetic radiation such as infrared into the environment, that it could affect on the man health. According to the available standards, if the IR-A could be controlled and consequently health of workers could be provided, it would reduce the total industrial expenses.
Materials and Methods: To control this radiation, it is necessary to measure it and compare the results with the available standards. Hence, in this study, we try to  measure this radiation in a unit of industy. For this porpuse the unit of steel company that settled in southeast of ahvaz is selected.
Results: The determinations were done every month during one year in all selected units. These results are compared with the available standards, and finally the differences are statistically evaluated by some suitable statistical methods. For measuring the dispersal of ray in the diffrent height. bat hard data compared with ACGIH standard and SPSS software is used for changing Radiation.
Conclusion:  The  average amount of IR-A  at  this  industrial  unit  is  1.18 mW/cm2  which  is more than the standard value in such industries ,and based on our fouding the natural solar source of this radiation increases such effects in out-door work places.


The environmental assessment of some heavy metals in surface soil around pelletizing industries and Ardakan steel
Ghr Siyahati Ardakani, M Mirsanjari, Hr Azimzadeh, E Solgi,
Volume 11, Issue 3 (12-2018)
Abstract
Background and Objective: The establishment of pelletizing and steel industries in Ardakan suburbs has increased the pollutants such as heavy metals into the environment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the contamination of the area soil by heavy elements around these industries using the pollution index (PI), comprehensive pollution index (NIPI), accumulation index (Igeo) and enrichment index (EF).
Materials and Methods: 57 soil samples were prepared by systematic-random sampling from 0 to 5 cm depth and levels of As, Cd, Cr, Mo, Ni, Pb, V and Zn were analyzed by ICP-OES.
Results: The highest and lowest mean of Igeo (0.49 and 0.36) and PI (2.16 and 1.17), were related to nickel, and the highest EF was calculated for Zn at about 25.1 and the lowest were detected for molybdenum approximately that was 17.1. The EF index of lead, vanadium and zinc, which was 15.8%, 5.3% and 1.8%, respectively, classified the study area in a medium enrichment class. Hot spots of lead, vanadium, nickel and zinc was at the nearest distance to these industries and downstream of wind direction.
Conclusion: Indicators of Igeo and EF showed a low level of soil pollution. The PI and NIPI indices in most stations were classified in medium pollution class, and the highest of these indicators was related to the surface soil of station 30, which was located near the steel industry. Therefore, it can be concluded that the activities of these industries had affected the soil contamination of the study area.
 

Ranking of hazardous organic pollutants using emission, reactivity and health criteria in the South Pars Zone
M Moradzadeh, Kh Ashrafi, M Shafiepourmotlagh,
Volume 11, Issue 4 (3-2019)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Hydrocarbon processing industries are considered as potential sources of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) due to their specific nature. These compounds can directly or indirectly through producing secondary pollutants have adverse effects on the health of individuals. Therefore, identification of them is an important step in the formulation of control programs. This study aimed to identify the type and amount of the most important volatile organic compounds in the South Pars region.
Materials and Methods: In this study, industrial processes located in the region were investigated and information was gathered for estimation of VOCs emissions. The emission was estimated over a one-year period and was ranked according to three criteria including emission, health hazards and ozone production potential.
Results: The results showed that the greatest emission was due to equipment leakage and storage tanks (64%), cooling towers (21%) and flaring (11%). The 171 VOCs were determined in Plum of these processes and propylene had the greatest contribution (21%). The alkenes had the highest share in total mass (41%) and ozone production (78%). By weighting the list based on the three criteria mentioned above, formaldehyde is the most important emitted VOC and the main sources of it were olefins and aromatic units.
Conclusion: This method can be a useful tool for identifying effective organic compounds in such areas. Here, the optimum control strategy is mitigating of emission of formaldehyde from the aromatic and olefins processes. The next priority is to control propylene, ethylene and butylene emission sources.
 

Determination of pollution level, carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of heavy metals of falling dust in industrial areas (Case study: Ardakan county industries)
S Shojaee Barjoee, Hr Azimzadeh, A Mosleh Arani,
Volume 12, Issue 4 (2-2020)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Non-biodegradation in nature and creation of adverse health effects in humans is important features of heavy metals. The main objective of this study was to determine the level of contamination, carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of falling dust containing heavy metals on residents around the industrial areas of Ardakan. Another objective was to identify potential sources of heavy metal release into the environment.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional analytical study, the falling dust was collected in summer around Tile and Ceramic, Khak-e-chini, sand and gravel and glass industries by installing 35 Inverted Frisbee traps with artificial grass cover. The concentration of Cd, Ba, Cu, Ni, Cr, Mn and V were measured by ICP-MS. Probable sources of the heavy metal of the dust were evaluated using Pearson correlation coefficient and cluster analysis. Ecological risk indices for determining the level of contamination and proposed relationships proposed by the US Environmental Protection Agency were used to assess the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks.
Results: The highest and lowest mean concentrations of heavy metals were measured for Cd and Ba, respectively. The results of Pearson correlation analysis and cluster analysis revealed three anthropogenic and also natural sources for heavy metals of the falling dust. According to the Ecological Risk Potential Index, Cd in 45.10% of the samples was in a very high class and in 54.88% of the samples was a high class. Pollution class of the ecological risk index of all the heavy metals was medium to high. The carcinogenic risk of Cr and Ba in children and adults was estimated to be higher than 10–4. In both age groups, the Hazard index for each metal was less than 1 and its sum was measured as 1.29 for children and 0.16 for adults.
Conclusion: Cd increases the ecological risk of the falling dust in the area. Ther heavy metal carcinogenic risk results showed that the concentrations of Cr and Ba were higher than standard. Also, the non-carcinogenic risk was higher in children than in adults.

Risk identification and assessment in a battery-manufacturing industry using FMEA method, and estimating the ratio of the cost of accidents to prevention
Hossein Masoumbeigi, Davood Motalebi Peykani, Ghader Ghanizadeh, Hamed Akbari Jour, Maryam Esmaeili,
Volume 16, Issue 4 (3-2024)
Abstract
Background and Objective: The health and safety of the employees of any industry is one of the most important issues to prevent the occurrence of accidents. This study aimed to identify and assess related risks in a battery-manufacturing industry using FMEA method and estimate the ratio of the cost of accidents to prevention.
Materials and Methods: In this descriptive and analytical study, the production activities of the industry were first identified. Then the work process, employee duties, and Potential risks were determined by the HAZID method. Evaluation and prioritization of risks were done using FMEA method. Risks whose RPN was higher than 145 were determined as important risks and the ratio of incident cost to accident prevention was calculated.
Results: In 62 active units of this industry, 716 risks were identified and prioritized, 16 of which (2.23%) had RPN above 145 with the highest priority. The financial pulp unit with falling and fire hazards and the assembly unit with the risk of fumes and lead dust leakage with RPN 245 were among the most dangerous units and hazards identified in the industry. In all units except one unit, the ratio of the cost of accidents to prevention varied from 1.2 to 25.
Conclusion: The results showed that it is necessary to consider the correction of the important risks by the industry officials, according to the set priorities so that potential accidents caused by these risks are minimized. This prioritization can play an effective role in optimal risk management and reduce related costs.
 

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