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Showing 3 results for Petroleum Hydrocarbons
Pretreatment of bottom sludge of crude oil storage tanks using chemical oxidation process with hydrogen peroxide and Fenton
R Nabizadeh, K Naddafi, A Jonidi Jafari, M Yunesian, A Koolivand,
Volume 7, Issue 3 (5-2014)
Abstract

Background & Objectives: Remaining crude oil in storage tanks lead to accumulation of oily sludge at the bottom of the tank, which should be treated and disposed of in a suitable manner. The aim of the present study was to investigate the efficiency of chemical oxidation using H2O2 and Fenton’s reagent in removal of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH) from bottom sludge of crude oil storage tanks. Materials & methods: In this experimental study, hydrogen peroxide and Fenton’s reagent were added to the sludge in six concentrations including 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 30% (w w-1) and TPH was measured for a period of 24 and 48 h of reaction time. The oxidants were added in a single and stepwise addition way, both to the pristine and saturated sludge. The elemental analysis of sludge and TPH measurement were carried out using ICP and TNRCC methods respectively. Results: The mean TPH removal of 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 30% oxidant concentrations were 1.55, 9.03, 23.85, 33.97, 41.23, and 53.03%, respectively. The highest removal efficiency was achieved in stepwise addition to the saturated sludge. Increasing oxidation time from 24 to 48 h had a little effect on increase in TPH removal. Moreover, the removal efficiency of H2O2 and Fenton was nearly similar. Conclusions: Mere application of chemical oxidation is not capable of complete treatment of the sludge but it is an effective process as a pre-treatment step for decreasing toxicity and increasing its biodegradability.


Efficiency of in-vessel composting process in removal of petroleum hydrocarbons from bottom sludge of crude oil storage tanks
K Naddafi, R Nabizadeh, S Nasseri, K Yaghmaeian, A Koolivand,
Volume 8, Issue 3 (12-2015)
Abstract

Background and Objectives: Remaining of crude oil in storage tanks usually results in accumulating oily sludge at the bottom of the tank, which should be treated and disposed of in a suitable manner. The efficiency of in-vessel composting process in removing total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) from bottom sludge of crude oil storage tanks was investigated in the present study.

Material and methods: The sludge was mixed with immature compost at the ratios of 1:0 (as control), 1:2, 1:4, 1:6, 1:8, and 1:10 (as dry basis) with the initial C:N:P and moisture content of 100:5:1 and 55% respectively for a period of 10 weeks. The moisture adjustment and mixing process were done 3 times a day during the composting period. Sampling and analysis of TPH and pH were done every week and every two days, respectively.

Results: TPH removal in the 1:2, 1:4, 1:6, 1:8, and 1:10 composting reactors was 66.59, 73.19, 74.81, 80.20, and 79.91%, respectively. Thus, initial adjustment of sludge to immature compost ratios plays a great role in reduction of TPH. The results of the control reactors indicated that the main mechanism of TPH removal in the composting reactors was biological process.

Conclusions: In-vessel composting by addition of immature compost as amendment is a viable choice for bioremediation of the bottom sludge of crude oil storage tanks.


Bioaugmentation and biostimulation methods for the decontamination of soils contaminated with petroleum compounds: a systematic review
Behnaz Abdollahinejad, Hasan Pasalari, Mahdi Farzadkia,
Volume 16, Issue 1 (6-2023)
Abstract
Background and Objective: The purpose of this study is to identify and comprehensively evaluate international studies related to bioaugmentation and biostimulation methods for the remediation of soils contaminated with petroleum compounds.
Materials and Methods: This systematic review study was conducted in April 2022. The present systematic review study was conducted to address two main questions: 1) Is biostimulation an effective process in the bioremediation of soils contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons; and 2) Is bioaugmentation an effective process for bioremediation of soils contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons? Global electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus) were used to identify relevant studies. After a comprehensive review of studies, 123 studies consistent with the purpose were selected.
Results: The results showed that biostimulation methods can have profound changes in bacterial, Archaebacteria, and soil fungal communities in terms of activity, frequency, and composition. In general, the nutrients and electron receptors added in the biostimulation process improve soil microbial activity, increasing the overall abundance of bacteria, and fungi and promoting selective replication of bacterial, archival, and fungal polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PHC) destroyers. The use of bioaugmentation technology in an environment contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons has a positive effect on the refining process. However, it is necessary to precisely select the appropriate microbial strains. The most important factor in the removal of hydrocarbons in the soil is the selection of oil-decomposing microorganisms that can survive in high concentrations of pollutants.
Conclusion: Therefore, the result indicated that biostimulation and bioaugmentation can efficiently improve the THP removal efficiency in contaminated soil by considering the environmental conditions.
 

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