Showing 17 results for Heidari
Akram Heidari, Fariba Asghari, Seid Hasan Fazeli,
Volume 3, Issue 5 (6-2010)
Abstract
Mohammad Reza Heidari, Monireh Anoosheh, Taghi Azad Armaki, Eisa Mohammadi,
Volume 4, Issue 6 (12-2011)
Abstract
Caring for dying patient is one of the painful events and a tough experience for nurses. Care of dying patient according to his/her cultural norms is one of the principles of nurse's professionalism. Therefore identifying and explaining the daily experiences of nurses in cultural care of dying patients would help in determining caring standards. Due to the lack of such studies, the aim of this study was to explain the nurses' experiences in the care of dying patients.
This study is a qualitative investigation with content analysis method. Eighteen nurses working in teaching hospitals of Tehran were selected by purposeful sampling method from 2010 to 2011. Data were collected through semi-structured face to face interviews. Content of the interviews were transcribed and analyzed by content analysis.
The findings were classified into two themes of cultural exposure and cultural skills. Understanding of family presence and family bereavement were two sub-themes of cultural exposure. Cultural skills consist of 3 sub-themes i.e., preparation for telling bad news, facilitating facing death and solacing family members.
Regarding our results, in order to meet patients and their families expectations in a respectful manner, nurses awareness of cultural norms of the dying patient and his/her family seems to be necessary. It would be an important step in reforming and improving nursing performance and professional development.
Zahra Sadat Manzari, Easa Mohammadi, Abbas Heidari, Hamidreza Aghamohammadian Sherbaf, Mohammad Jafar Modabber Azizi, Ebrahim Khaleghi,
Volume 4, Issue 6 (12-2011)
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore experiences of family members of patients confronting brain death diagnosis and the request for organ donation.
A qualitative study was designed focusing on content analysis. Data collection process included 38 unstructured in- depth interviews with relatives of 26 brain death patients who were candidate for organ donation and field notes. Sampling method began as purposive and continued as theoretical until saturation.
Five main themes were extracted from the current dataset that indicated family experiences and perceptions of brain death concept while being informed. The themes were included internal conflict, internal barriers against external realities, imminent sense of loss and grief, surrender and acceptance.
The results showed that facing the diagnosis of brain death for relatives and family members is a condition surrounded by many challenges, ambiguities and conflicts that is become more complicated when emotional responses related to grieving and defensive psychological reactions emerge. So it is recommended before any organ request, at first medical team provide conditions for brain death acceptance. Respecting family members experiences and their perceptions about the situation will resolve their internal ambiguities and conflicts. At this situation requesting organ donation seems to be rational.
Ehteram Ibrahimi, Marjan Mardani Hamoleh, Haydeh Heidari, Mohammd Mahboobi,
Volume 5, Issue 1 (12-2011)
Abstract
One of the most important factors for effective function in an organization is human factor. Social support is known as a psychocognitional factor in workplace that affects human productivity. The purpose of this study was to determine the rate of perceived social support at domain of emotional support among hospital staff.
In this cross-sectional study, 120 hospital staff who worked at a selected hospital of Isfahan were included based on convenience sampling. Data was collected using social support and demographic data questionnaires. These questionnaires were developed by researcher. The validity of questionnaires was evaluated by content analysis and reliability of questionnaires was evaluated by test re-test and data were analyzed by descriptive and analytical statistics.
Our results show that perceived social support at the domain of emotional support from coworkers (mean ± SD=3.34±0.9) was significantly more than perceived social support at domain of emotional support from managers (mean± SD =2.58±0.88). Also, a significant association was found between perceived social support at the domain of emotional support and age and work experience (P<0.005).
In conclusion social support from personnel at the domain of emotional support is necessary for increasing human productivity and hospital managers can affect staff efficiency by developing their relationship with hospital personnel.
Ali Ehsan Heidari, Hossein Keshavarz, Mohammad Nouri Sepehr,
Volume 5, Issue 5 (26 2012)
Abstract
Avicenna wrote many great books and articles such as Canon of Medicine which is his most important medical work. This study has been conducted in order to provide the necessary information on Avicenna's adherence to ethical principles and ethical norms in Canon. Three aspects including his medical practice, researches and philosophical attitude have been studied. Avicenna offers some valuable guidelines on the ethics in medicine in Canon. The first necessary condition for the practice of medicine is to comprehend medicine. Congruently, Avicenna emphasizes in his book that the doctor must be masterful. The use of scientific resources and valid information with citation to the references is one of the ethical subjects that are highlighted in this book. Avicenna has put much emphasis on ethical principles as a religious issue in medical practice. He believed in Islam and Islamic ethics and felt responsible toward God and his creations including humans Although in Canon there is no chapter specifically devoted to medical ethics, there are numerous ethical references that focus on humans as the main target of medical activities. It offers recommendations regarding ethical issues such as how to treat patients and minimize hazards. In brief, the book of Canon represents many humanistic ideas.
Mohammad Reza Heidari, Reza Norouzadeh, Vida Shafipour, Masoomeh Karampour,
Volume 8, Issue 6 (3-2016)
Abstract
The ethical climate in hospitals is among the factors affecting health care providers’ moral development and the quality of care. This study aimed to explore nurses' perception of the ethical climate in health centers and certain related factors.
This was a cross-sectional study conducted on 168 nurses employed in one of the teaching hospitals affiliated with Shahed University. Data collection tools included a socio-demographic questionnaire and Olson's Hospital Ethical Climate Survey.
Most of the nurses (83.1%) in this study were female, and the mean age was 35.10 ± 9.42 years. From the nurses’ perspective, the highest score of ethical climate was related to managers (4.56 ± 1.04), and the lowest score pertained to the patients’ domain (2.87 ± 0.47). Moreover, no significant difference was observed in questionnaire domains according to demographic characteristics.
The results showed that the nurses in this study had a relatively positive outlook on the prevailing ethical climate in the hospital. It is recommended, however, that managers devise strategies based on the employees’ viewpoints in order to achieve the ideal ethical climate.
Hakimeh Eskandari Sabzi, Maryam Heidari, Shahrzad Nezarat, Mahsa Mousavi, Mohammad Amin Harizavi, Atefeh Zahedi,
Volume 9, Issue 3 (10-2016)
Abstract
Ethics of care are the central core of nursing values and a fundamental concept in the nursing profession. Since the outlook of nurses on ethics can affect the quality of care, the present study was conducted to investigate the attitude of nursing students to codes of ethics for nurses, their commitment to ethics of care, and academic dishonesty in Abadan School of Medical Sciences.
This descriptive analytical study was performed among 150 nursing students of Abadan School of Medical Sciences by census sampling in 2016. After giving their informed consent, the students completed the questionnaire designed by McCrink in 3 sections: 1) demographic information, 2) attitude to ethics codes, commitment to ethics of care and neutralization behaviors, and 3) outlook on academic dishonesty. Data were analyzed using descriptive statics, chi-square test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient in SPSS version 21.
The results showed that the students had the most positive attitude to ethics codes and commitment to ethics of care, and the most negative attitude to neutralization behaviors. Less than half of the participants had a negative outlook on academic dishonesty. Moreover, about 40 percent of the students reported academic dishonesty among their classmates. Ethics codes are moral values in academic and clinical settings and should therefore be considered as major components of initial nursing education programs. Additionally, it seems necessary to make efforts in order to change nursing students’ attitude toward academic dishonesty.
Saeid Rahaie, Fatemeh Heidari,
Volume 10, Issue 0 (3-2017)
Abstract
Patients with advanced, progressive, non-curable, or hardly cured illnesses, found themselves in a situation where therapeutic measures have no effect in improving their condition and health status and they are gradually pushed toward death. Care provided to the patient, during this period, is known as end-of-life care which include life-sustaining treatments and palliative care. Life- sustaining treatments are such that give patient the chance for living longer but inflict lots of suffering upon the patient. While in palliative care, the patient probably survives for a shorter period, but suffers less. The question is whether the patient can choose between the two methods? Considering the Jurisprudential rule of “the necessity to safeguard human life”, most of the Muslim Jurists believe that the patient cannot rule out the first method (i.e. life- sustaining treatment). This study first examines the evidence of the rule, and explained the viewpoints of the Muslim Jurists about choosing between these caring methods, and proves that, despite accepting the rule, it is limited by the rules of “no hardship“ (la haraj) and “prohibition of detriment”(la zarar) and moreover the rule of “the domination”(saltanat). However, it can be said that, regarding the evidence of rule “the necessity to safeguard human life”, patients who are at this stage are excluded from the subject matter of this rule.
Zahra Asgari, Mohammad Hosein Heidari , Ramezan Barkhordari, Behnoosh Esteki,
Volume 11, Issue 0 (3-2018)
Abstract
Medical Philosophy is essential part of medical ethics and history. I has long history and owes its current status to developments resulted by historical, philosophical, social, and cultural experiences. The most important reflection of its revolution is its influence on the goals and missions of higher education in different time periods. In this study, two of the most important philosophical perspectives towards the medical education are compared with the aim of investigating possibilities and limits of each perspective in general education, specialized education, and treatment. The descriptive-analytical method is used for this comparison. These two perspectives are: 1) biomedical philosophy, which is based solely on human biological mechanisms, and 2) humanistic philosophy, which is based on the integrity of the human being. The results of this study show that medical education from the perspective of the biomedical philosophy focuses on specialized education, and treatment from this perspective is performed in the form of a patriarchal relationship. Whereas, from the humanistic perspective, general education is based on the integrity of the human being (including biological, psychological, and ontological) together with the specialized education. Treatment in this approach is achieved through a collaborative relationship between the physician and the patient.
Soleyman Heidari, Somaye Bayati,
Volume 12, Issue 0 (3-2019)
Abstract
Qajar era is very important in Iranian medical history after Islam. Because physicians gradually got away from Sinai medicine and tried to use western modern medicine. One of the major points about medicine of Qajar era was influence of slang beliefs. The present study based on descriptive-analytic method and library compilation is trying to answer this question: what are the outcomes of slang beliefs’ influence on medicine and treatment approaches in Qajar era? The research's achievements show that the important outcome of these slang beliefs was non-acceptance of modern therapeutic approaches by many people, as they preferred to be treated based on slang beliefs instead of taking medicines and using modern therapeutic approaches.
Gholamhossein Moghaddam Heidari,
Volume 12, Issue 0 (3-2019)
Abstract
It is a widely held belief that "health care" is an old concept. As one of the most important institutions dealing with this issue, the hospital has been treating human beings throughout human civilization. But historical studies show that, in the pre-modern era, the hospital was not for the treatment of patients. Its function was as a nursing home for the poor and patients. In this article, we attempt to examine the reasons for this in two ways. We first examine the socioeconomic conditions that led to this function for hospitals in the middle ages. We then show that the treatment of patients at that time was based on humorism and classification medicine, which was not only considered the hospital as a place of treatment but also considered it as a barrier to treatment. Therefore, the hospital served as a hospice for the elderly and disabled, and veterans.
Soleyman Heidari,
Volume 13, Issue 0 (3-2020)
Abstract
In the history of post-Islamic Iran, the Barmaki family is one of the most important families in preparing the background for the transfer of the scientific heritage of ancient times, including medical knowledge to the Islamic period. From the beginning of the Abbasid era, this family penetrated the structure of the political system and after gaining political-economic power and supporting translators and authors of medical works, provided the background for the transfer of a large part of the medical heritage of ancient times to the Islamic period. The main issue of the research is to examine the role of the Barmaki family in the transfer of medical heritage from the beginning of the rise of this family to the assassination of Jafar Barmaki. The research method is descriptive with analysis and library data collection and relies on first-hand sources. The findings indicate that the Barmaki family's interest in ancient medical heritage, the support of the Abbasid caliphs, and the material support of the caliphs and Brahmins for translators and authors of medical works played an important role in the transmission of ancient medical heritage to the Islamic period.
Soleyman Heidari , Banafshe Zarrabie,
Volume 15, Issue 1 (3-2022)
Abstract
One of the infectious diseases that was widespread in Fars province during the first Pahlavi era (1925-1941) was smallpox. This disease spread in the early days of the Pahlavi dynasty in the cities of Fars province and its epidemic reached its peak in 1318 AD. Important measures were taken to control the disease, including smallpox inoculation. The smallpox inoculators tried to control the disease by creating fixed and mobile posts and by injecting the patient with smallpox fluid or animal smallpox fluid. Despite the efforts of local authorities in the field of smallpox, there were several obstacles and problems to reduce and eradicate the disease. This study intends to study the prevalence of smallpox in Fars and the trend of smallpox to deal with it in the first Pahlavi period by relying on unpublished documents in the Documents Organization and the National Library of Iran as well as the archives of local newspapers and using a descriptive-analytical method. Findings showed that despite the widespread epidemic of smallpox in Fars in the first Pahlavi period and the high mortality rate, the trend of smallpox inoculation progressed well and the government succeeded in using existing facilities and common methods to help control the disease in the regions of Fars.
Gholamhossein Moghaddam Heidari,
Volume 15, Issue 1 (3-2022)
Abstract
In the pre-modern period, astrology has been the practice of relating celestial bodies to lives and events on earth and the resulting tradition. One aspect of astrology was based on the knowledge of astronomy and mathematical calculations, and the other aspect dealt with soothsaying. We can talk about two types of astrology: natural astrology and judicial astrology. Natural astrology has admitted the idea of celestial influences of a general nature, such as would affect the weather or the environment of a patient, and thus his chances of healing. Judicial astrology aims to determine the particular effects of the stellar influences on a specific person, with a view toward forecasting the future.
But it is noteworthy that many sciences in the pre-modern period used astronomical results. Thus, understanding the knowledge related to climate, agriculture and medicine in the pre-modern era is not complete without understanding astrology. In this article, in the first part, we try to briefly describe astrology and its types and enumerate some features of medical astrology as part of natural astrology. In the second part, we will examine how astrology influenced the medical theories of Hippocrates and Galen in ancient Greece. And we show that medical astrology for them has been part of the natural process of explaining diseases and methods of prognosis and treatment and prevention.
Our method in this article is the hermeneutic-based author understanding method. In other words, in this article, we do not use modern ideas about astrology, but try to examine medical astrology based on the natural and judicial astrology, which were expressed in the same pre-modern era. Thus, we show that astrology was not only an important science in its time, but was also related to the various sciences of its time, so that the understanding of knowledge related to medicine in the pre-modern would be incomplete without understanding astronomy.
Maryam Aala, Rita Mojtahedzadeh, Aeen Mohammadi, Neda Mehrdad, Moloud Payab, Snor Bayazidi, Mahin Nomali, Mohammad Eghbal Heidari, Alireza Olyaemanesh, Bagher Larijani,
Volume 16, Issue 0 (ویژه نامه کاربست طرح های دو گروه اخلاق و آموزش پزشکی 2023)
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has created opportunities and challenges for education and research as the two main academic activities in medical sciences disciplines, which due to their mutual influence can be used to propose solutions for improving these two areas. The present study was conducted to compare two review articles, each of which dealt with one of these two areas.
This comparative study with a qualitative explanatory design was conducted in three steps. First, two review articles were selected that investigated the opportunities and challenges caused by the coronavirus pandemic to propose strategies for the post-corona era. Then, both studies were carefully studied and described. Finally, two researchers separately extracted the similarities and differences mentioned in the two articles and compared them to remove the inconsistencies. A panel of experts confirmed the findings. The opportunities and challenges mentioned in the two articles were extracted and categorized into two areas based on similarities and differences. The similar proposed strategies for the post-corona era were continuing to use virtual space facilities, diversifying the communication methods with students and research participants, and providing and developing suitable electronic infrastructure. Comparing two review articles and determining the similarities and differences between the opportunities and challenges caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and the strategies for the post-COVID-19 era related to medical education and clinical research, led to proposing strategies that could promote these two related areas coherently.
Alireza Heidari, Seyed Hamed Atashi, Farideh Kouchak, Zahra Khatirnamani,
Volume 18, Issue 1 (3-2025)
Abstract
Addressing patients’ non-medical needs reflects the desires of patients and their families to engage more actively in decision-making and treatment processes. The present study aimed to assess the level of responsiveness to the non-medical needs of hospitalized patients. This was a cross-sectional study conducted using a descriptive-analytical approach. A total of 392 patients hospitalized in Shahid Sayad Shirazi and 5 Azar educational-therapeutic hospitals, affiliated with Golestan University of Medical Sciences in Gorgan, were included in the study. Participants were selected through systematic random sampling. Data were collected using the validated and reliable responsiveness questionnaire developed by the World Health Organization (WHO). The mean (±SD) age of participants was (45.17 ±16.92) years, with 55.1% being male. The mean (±SD) overall score for the importance of responsiveness was (33.37 ±4.45), which was above the average. The majority of patients (over 65%) rated all dimensions of responsiveness as very important or extremely important. The most important dimension from the patients' perspective was the quality of the surrounding environment (95.9%), while the least important was the confidentiality of personal information (34.7%). The mean (±SD) overall score for responsiveness performance was 54.54 (0.70 ± 8), which was above the average. The overall score of the responsiveness performance and importance in Sayad Shirazi and 5 Azar educational hospitals was above average. Dimensions deemed important by patients but with weaker performance should be prioritized, and educational and therapeutic centers should pay more attention to patients’ non-clinical expectations.
Akram Heidari, Morteza Heidari, Baqer Larijani, Professor Ali Mohammad Mosadeqrad,
Volume 18, Issue 1 (3-2025)
Abstract
Spiritual health refers to having purpose and meaning in life and a sense of belonging to something beyond the self, which strengthens inner peace, satisfaction, and happiness. This qualitative study was conducted in 2024 using an interpretive phenomenological approach. Through semi-structured interviews with 47 policymakers, managers, faculty members, staff, and students, a total of 183 benefits of spiritual health education in universities of medical sciences were identified. These benefits were categorized into six groups: benefits for faculty members, students, staff, patients, society, and the university. For faculty members, spirituality education leads to enhanced ethical awareness, increased motivation, job satisfaction, professional commitment, and improved quality of education. Students, by strengthening spirituality, gain greater communication and empathy skills, experience reduced stress and anxiety, and demonstrate improved professional competencies. Healthcare staff benefit from reduced medical errors, increased resilience, improved social relationships, and enhanced quality of care. Patients receiving spiritual care experience lower levels of stress and depression, improved mental health and quality of life, and a more rapid course of treatment and recovery. At the societal level, spiritual health education contributes to more positive social behaviors and the development of a healthier community. Furthermore, universities implementing such education can design more comprehensive curricula, promote interdisciplinary research, strengthen professional ethics, and train holistically oriented healthcare professionals, thereby increasing their credibility and productivity. Spiritual health education in Iranian universities of medical sciences, by exerting positive effects on faculty members, students, staff, patients, society, and the university itself, results in the improvement of psychological and professional well-being, the enhancement of educational quality, and the increased productivity and credibility of the higher education health system of the country.
