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Showing 5 results for Hosseinabadi
Disclosing medical errors and its relationship to disclosure of actual and hypothetical errors: nursing staff's attitude
Shourangiz Biranvand, Fatemeh Valizadeh, Reza Hosseinabadi, Mehdi Safari,
Volume 7, Issue 1 (5-2014)
Abstract
Despite the efforts of health care practitioners, medical errors are inevitable. Disclosure of errors is patients’ demand and right. The aim of this study was to determine the nursing staff’s attitudes about disclosure of medical errors to patients and its relationship with disclosure of actual and hypothetical errors. In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 180 of the nursing staff employed in the educational hospitals of the city of Khorramabad were selected by non-probability quota and available sampling. Data collection tools were a valid and reliable questionnaire including some questions about the nursing staff’s attitude toward disclosing medical errors to patients, recording and reporting actual errors, and scenarios to investigate the tendency of nurses for reporting hypothetical errors. The data was analyzed SPSS software. The findings indicate that the mean score of the nursing staff’s attitude about disclosing medical errors to patients was 80.50 14.4. The mean score of the nursing staff’s attitudes toward recording minor actual errors (P < 0.02) and their tendency to disclose hypothetical errors causing minor injuries (P < 0.001), moderate injuries (P < 0.001) and major injuries (P < 0.003) were meaningfully more than those who did not tend to disclose errors. There was no significant difference between attitudes of nurses with a history of disclosing actual errors that lead to major harms to patients (P = 0.64) and those who did not report such medical errors to patients. Attitude of the nursing staff toward disclosing medical errors to patients was at a moderate level, which practically increases the probability of concealing errors.
Ethical Challenges in Admission and Resource Allocation for Patients in Need of Rehabilitation Services
Mohammadjavad Hosseinabadi Farahani,
Volume 17, Issue 0 (Supplement of 11th Annual Iranian Congress of Medical Ethics 2024)
Abstract
Ethical challenges and concerns have long been a part of healthcare, primarily focusing on acute care or end-of-life decisions. However, with the growing elderly population and society's emphasis on restoring patients to the highest possible level of functioning, ethical dilemmas in rehabilitation care have garnered increasing attention. Ethical decisions are a routine part of rehabilitation care. While some are straightforward, such as obtaining informed consent for therapeutic and rehabilitation procedures, others are far more complex. Among the most significant challenges are resource allocation and the selection of patients for rehabilitation services. The process of selecting patients for admission to rehabilitation centers is typically carried out by specialist physicians. However, many centers face demand that exceeds their capacity, necessitating difficult decisions about patient prioritization. Although some centers may have clear guidelines, patient selection is often subjective, involving multiple factors such as:
  • Clinical considerations: Diagnosis, prognosis, secondary complications, and learning ability.
  • Non-clinical factors: Social, occupational, personal, and financial circumstances.
This subjectivity in patient selection raises several ethical concerns. The rights, duties, and responsibilities of both patients and physicians must be carefully weighed. The potential for injustice exists when decisions become overly subjective, leading to possible inequities in resource allocation. Balancing the ethical principles of beneficence (acting in the patient’s best interest) and justice (fair distribution of resources) is essential but can be challenging, as these principles may occasionally conflict. To address these issues, members of the rehabilitation team, particularly physicians, must strive to minimize subjectivity in their decisions. Additionally, it is important to implement follow-up mechanisms for patients initially denied admission, ensuring that any changes in their condition are reevaluated. Medical and rehabilitation ethicists should prioritize the development of clear, evidence-based guidelines for patient selection and admission. These guidelines should be made accessible to the rehabilitation team to promote fairness, transparency, and consistency in decision-making, ultimately ensuring that resources are allocated equitably to those in need.

Ethical Considerations in Post-Crisis and Disaster Rehabilitation
Mohammad Javad Hosseinabadi Farahani,
Volume 17, Issue 0 (Supplement of 11th Annual Iranian Congress of Medical Ethics 2024)
Abstract
Rehabilitation in disaster contexts, as part of the overall medical response, faces unique challenges, particularly during the early stages of post-disaster intervention. This is largely due to the relatively new integration of rehabilitation into disaster management. The four principles of bioethics—autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice—are essential considerations in immediate post-disaster relief efforts and in the subsequent long-term rehabilitation processes. This review study involved a purposeful search of reliable databases using predetermined keywords, covering the period from 2000 to 2024. The reviewed studies highlight several ethical dilemmas in delivering rehabilitation services after crises and disasters. These challenges arise due to factors such as:
· Resource limitations,
· Insufficient focus on rehabilitation within health systems,
· Shortages of rehabilitation specialists,
· Inadequate follow-up cares post-discharge,
· Limited awareness of the significance of rehabilitation, and
· Stigma associated with disability.
Despite these challenges, it is critical to uphold the four principles of biomedical ethics even in crisis situations. Adhering to these principles ensures that rehabilitation services align with professional norms, ethical standards, and the medical aspects of the local culture. Furthermore, policies aimed at enhancing the status and importance of rehabilitation immediately after crises and disasters must emphasize the equitable distribution of resources.

Ethical Considerations in Post-Crisis and Disaster Rehabilitation
Mohammad Javad Hosseinabadi Farahani,
Volume 17, Issue 0 (Supplement of 11th Annual Iranian Congress of Medical Ethics 2024)
Abstract
Rehabilitation in disaster contexts, as part of the overall medical response, faces unique challenges, particularly during the early stages of post-disaster intervention. This is largely due to the relatively new integration of rehabilitation into disaster management. The four principles of bioethics—autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice—are essential considerations in immediate post-disaster relief efforts and in the subsequent long-term rehabilitation processes. This review study involved a purposeful search of reliable databases using predetermined keywords, covering the period from 2000 to 2024. The reviewed studies highlight several ethical dilemmas in delivering rehabilitation services after crises and disasters. These challenges arise due to factors such as:
· Resource limitations,
· Insufficient focus on rehabilitation within health systems,
· Shortages of rehabilitation specialists,
· Inadequate follow-up cares post-discharge,
· Limited awareness of the significance of rehabilitation, and
· Stigma associated with disability.
Despite these challenges, it is critical to uphold the four principles of biomedical ethics even in crisis situations. Adhering to these principles ensures that rehabilitation services align with professional norms, ethical standards, and the medical aspects of the local culture. Furthermore, policies aimed at enhancing the status and importance of rehabilitation immediately after crises and disasters must emphasize the equitable distribution of resources.

Moral Sensitivity in Psychiatric Nurses: A Qualitative Content Analysis
Fariba Borhani, Mariye Jenabi Ghods, Ladan Fattah Moghadam, Tahereh Gilvari, Amirreza Rafiei Javazm, Mahshad Naserpour, Mohammad Javad Hosseinabadi ‑farahani,
Volume 17, Issue 0 (Supplement of 11th Annual Iranian Congress of Medical Ethics 2024)
Abstract
Moral sensitivity is a fundamental characteristic of professional ethics in nursing, significantly influencing patient care. This qualitative study aimed to explore the concept of moral sensitivity among psychiatric nurses. The study employed a qualitative approach using content analysis. Participants included 15 psychiatric nurses working at Razi Psychiatric Hospital in Iran, selected through purposive sampling based on defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. After obtaining ethical approval, data were collected through semi-structured, in-depth interviews. The interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and managed using MAXQDA software. Data analysis was conducted following Granheim and Lundman’s five-step method (2004), and the trustworthiness of the findings was ensured using Guba and Lincoln’s criteria. The findings revealed three main categories and six subcategories:
  1. Ethical Knowledge (comprising clinical experience and education, and professional development).
  2. Ethical and Legal Conflicts (including discrepancies between ethical principles and legal frameworks, and challenges in ethical decision-making within complex legal situations).
  3. Ethical Atmosphere (encompassing individual ethics and organizational ethics).
Based on these findings, it is recommended that these insights be integrated into nursing education, research, and management to enhance care for patients with psychiatric disorders.

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