Showing 18 results for Jafari
Ali Jafarian, Alireza Parsapoor, Amirhossin Hajtarkhani, Fariba Asghari, Seyyed Hassan Imami Razavi, Alireza Yalda,
Volume 2, Issue 2 (5-2009)
Abstract
Seyyed Abdolsaleh Jafari Kermanshah, Behin Aramineya, Ahmad Fayyazbakhsh,
Volume 3, Issue 5 (12-2010)
Abstract
Seyyed Abd-Al-Saleh Jafari, Behin Araminia, Ahmad Fayazbakhsh, Alireza Bagheri,
Volume 4, Issue 1 (12-2010)
Abstract
The most basic research in the area of human science is the research about human beings and people, while the first introduction to the immense concept of people is facing independence towards defining this concept because we feel the instances of it every day. Lack of attention in human recognition can prevent us from reaching generalized results and therefore, will lead us to transient decisions. But in fact there are some trembling parts towards human recognition, like getting far from the definition of concept, the inseparability of living species from each other up to dismissing the reality of specie's existence, a quick glance to the challenges of extraverts, ambiguity of biological definitions (morphological, fertilization, genetical and behavioral) and also lack of logical definitions.
From our point of view, there is no pervasive criterion about humanistic living therefore, the rights and characteristics which we consider for human beings are related to the humanistic living from a philosophical view point. To attach this expansion, the philosophical human beings and its differences are incorporated into the minimal human. It is clear that there is no incorporation the same as this rule and we should overcome some steps about them, if not, this incorporation will get beyond the philosophical control of human. In a steady view, what makes a difference from human beings and other creatures is not the biological definition of them, while in the approval view sometimes this definition is the only tool to separate the people. Autonomy and free choice are the exact criterion for this recognition.
Maryam Abbasi Nejad, Ali Jafariyan, Fariba Asghari, Alireza Parsapoor, Mohammadreza Zafarghandi,
Volume 4, Issue 5 (10-2011)
Abstract
One of the manifestations of patient autonomy in practice is gaining informed consent prior to any invasive procedure. In Iran, the process of obtaining informed consent to surgical procedures is currently limited to the patient signing a consent form that often does not offer specific information on the procedure, and patients are not given adequate time to read the form. In order to improve the present circumstances, authors of this study created information sheets specific to each class of surgical procedure, and performed an evaluation of the effectiveness of these sheets in increasing patient awareness and satisfaction. Handouts containing specialized information on various surgical procedures were distributed among 110 patients hospitalized to undergo elective surgeries in surgical wards 1, 3, 4 and 5 of Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex and surgical ward 3 of Sina Hospital the patients received the handouts prior to procedures, and were free to use the information as they wished. These patients were then interviewed through an oral questionnaire after the procedure and at the closest time possible to their discharge. At a different time, 110 other patients in similar conditions and locality were interviewed after surgical operations and as close to being discharged as possible, but without receiving information sheets. The above-mentioned questionnaire contained essay type questions regarding patients’ information about their medical conditions and the required surgical procedures, and patients were also asked about their level of satisfaction with the information they had received.
The mean score for patients’ overall knowledge in the intervention group was 48.8%, and the same score was 44.6% in the control group. Distribution of specific information on the surgical procedures among the patients in the intervention group did not have a significant effect on their overall knowledge (p = 0.140), and only raised their awareness of the side effects associated with the procedures (p 0.001). Similarly, patient satisfaction levels were 60.2% in the intervention group and 56.4% in the control group, and distribution of information sheets did not affect the overall satisfaction level of patients significantly (p = 0.166), and it only increased their satisfaction with the information they had received regarding their convalescence period after surgery (p = 0.033). Since distribution of specialized information sheets like the ones used in this study generally appears to be inadequate in increasing patient awareness and satisfaction, it is recommended that in the process of obtaining informed consent, physicians dedicate enough time to educate patients on their conditions and their different aspects rather than simply present them with a consent form.
Ali Akbar Jafari,
Volume 4, Issue 5 (10-2011)
Abstract
Giasaddin Mansour Dashtaki Shirazi was a prominent scholar and philosopher in the post-Islamic Iran. Among the fields he was proficient and knowledgeable in, the least attention has been paid to him as an influential figure in medicine, and this has in turn led to his expertise in other sciences to be neglected as well. Among Dashtaki’s works two are on medicine, and there are also historic accounts of his hygiene behavior and adherence to medical recommendations. These are indicative of Dashtaki being an outstanding figure in medicine in spite of his involvement in other scientific and administrative endeavors. The present paper will employ a descriptive-analytical approach to investigate his influence on medicine and his medical treatise Ma’alem-o-Shafa. Based on the findings of this study, any research on the Iranian or Islamic medicine of the 10th century H.Q. would be incomplete without studying Dashtaki and Ma’alem-o-Shafa. It is therefore recommended that Ma’alem-o-Shafa be translated and published so that it can be used in research of this type.
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Volume 5, Issue 9 (3-2013)
Abstract
Hadi Jafari Manesh, Mehdi Ranjbaran, Katayon Vakilian, Reza Tajik, Amir Almasi-Hashiani,
Volume 6, Issue 6 (2-2014)
Abstract
Assessing nursing students’ level of respect for ethical codes of nursing is essential as these students are the future health care providers. There is a need to check observance of ethics codes among students, because that will determine ethics education and training needs. This study aimed to assess nursing students’ compliance with professional ethical codes and some of the relevant factors.This is a descriptive-analytic and cross-sectional study performed by census on 118 nursing students who were training in hospitals of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. The data gathering tool consisted of a questionnaire including demographic information, and another questionnaire which was developed by the researcher based on studies in Iran and throughout the world.The ethical codes that were respected most included "principles of conflict management" and then "respect for the medical staff". "Respect for patients' rights" and "patient education" received less consideration. Grade point average, gender, marital status, interest in nursing and likelihood to work in nursing had significant association with respect for ethics codes.The results of this study can be used in developing courses on nursing ethics and educating nurses on the subject, and could be of special interest to health planners and policy makers.
Somaye Rostami, Ravanbakhsh Esmaeali, Hedayat Jafari, Jamshid Yazdani Charati, Seyed Afshin Shorofi,
Volume 10, Issue 0 (3-2017)
Abstract
Futile medical care is considered as the care or treatment that does not benefit the patient. Thus, perception of the clinical team regarding futile care is of great importance and it has an important role in the quality of nursing care and health of clinical team. This study aimed to determine the relationship between perception of nurses regarding futile medical care and their caring behaviors toward patients in the final stages of life admitted to intensive care units. This correlational, analytical study was performed on 181 nursing staff of the intensive care units (ICUs) of health centers affiliated to Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Mazandaran, Iran. The data collection tool included a two-part questionnaire containing demographic characteristics form, perception of futile care questionnaire, and caring behaviors inventory. To analyze the data, statistical tests and central indices of tendency and dispersion were used. Pearson’s correlation coefficient, partial correlation, t-test, and ANOVA tests were performed to assess the relationship between the variables. Findings illustrated that the majority of nurses (65.7%) had a moderate perception of futile care. In addition, it was only the mean working hours per week among the demographic variables that had a statistically significant relationship with perception of futile care (P<0.05). Given the moderate perception of nurses concerning futile care, implementing suitable interventions for minimizing the frequency of futile care and its resulting tension seems to be mandatory. It is imperative to train nurses on adjustment mechanisms and raise their awareness as to situations resulting in futile care.
Mohammad Jafari, Arash Ghodousi, Narges Sadeghi, Mozhgan Mohammadpour,
Volume 12, Issue 0 (3-2019)
Abstract
Communication with patients is an important issue in nursing meaning that to realize the truth from their viewpoints. This study was performed to compare levels of nurses’ empathy with patients at drug abuse treatment centers (DATCs) and the internal ward of hospital. The present research was a cross-sectional and descriptive-analytic study conducted at two environments of the internal ward and DATCs. A total of 60 subjects comprised research participants and were listed in the study through census method. A two-part scale was used including personal information and Jefferson scale of empathy with verified validity and reliability. Data were analyzed using SPSS16 software. The scores of nurses' empathy with patients recorded in the internal ward and at DATCs were 67.84±6.32 and 79.73±9.21 (out of 100), respectively (P=0.001). Male nurses (76.80±9.88), married nurses (75.93±9.98), ages of >40 years (79.1±11.12), masters’ degrees (75.5±3.78), job experiences of >10 years (83.53±8.53) and overtime hours of <50 h (80.61±9.9) attained the highest empathy scores with significant differences (P<0.05). The scores of nurses’ empathy with drug-dependent patients at DATCs were higher than those of internal wards indicating that the care of addicted patients in a specialized ward leads to increased empathy. Considering the relationship between
empathic communication, educational levels and occupational experience of nurses, it is essential to consider training empathy skills to nursing students from the first semester and to provide in-service training to nurses working at hospitals and centers by nurses of higher educational qualifications and experiences.
Hamed Fadaee, Fatah Jafarizadeh, Saeed Gholamzadeh, Abdolrasoul Malekpour, Mohammad Zarenezhad,
Volume 12, Issue 0 (3-2019)
Abstract
The criminal responsibility of physicians and assistants is a complex area of medical law. The purpose of this study was to investigate the responsibility of medical residents and medical students in performing diagnostic and therapeutic measures with case study of forensic medical files in Fars province from 2012 to 2017. In this study, 63 plaintiffs' cases were assessed, including 33 males (52.4%) and 30 females (47.6%). Most of the complainants were illiterate and under-graduate, and the least frequent was at doctoral level. Regarding the physical condition of the plaintiff (patient), the highest frequency was related to death ( 73%). Most of the complaints were from treatment group (95.2%) and physicians (4.8%). In terms of field of study, the field of obstetrics and gynecology (44.4%) included more complaints than other fields. In total, 26 (41.3%) cases were finally acquitted and 37 (58.7%) were convicted. The most common type of failure was neglect (91.9%). In this study, the highest frequency of associate education was related to senior resident (11.1%). Based on the results of the present study, medical errors were made by trainees (interns) and residents, specifying the criminal responsibilities of medical students and residents for errors and omissions and explaining their findings. Educational materials in each course are of particular importance. Additionally holding forensic courses and defining the legal and criminal responsibility for medical students are important for the improvement of treatment quality
Alireza Moshirahmadi, Abdoreza Javan Jafari, Aria Hejazi, Hesam Ghapanchi,
Volume 13, Issue 0 (3-2020)
Abstract
The possibility of mistakes, negligence, injuries and damages in medical activities could give rise to a civil or criminal case. In such cases, resorting to experts’ opinion is necessary. Forensic medicine organization has important role in such cases. Therefore, understanding of the criteria used by experts of this organization is important and could give rise to awareness of doctors and reduce their professional failures. This is a practical research with a descriptive and analytical method and its necessary information are collected by documentary studies. This investigation shows that medics normally try to have correct medical diagnosis and select appropriate process, and treat patients through reasonable methods to reduce their suffering and pains. It is possible that medics make a mistake in their diagnosis and treatment. Although the result of medical treatment are not guaranteed always, they have to do their treatment and operation according to reasonable and scientific standards and any recklessness and negligence causes criminal or civil responsibility. Reflection on the medical cases shows that the reasons of medic’s conviction can be divided into two categories including pre-treatment and post-treatment factors. Pre- treatment indices contain errors related to diagnosis or choice of treatment.
Fatemeh Jafarinahlashkanani, Zainab Eydivandi, Marzieh Shafiei, Elham Maraghi, Mehrnaz Moradi Kalboland,
Volume 13, Issue 0 (3-2020)
Abstract
The observance of professional ethics standards’ is inherent nature of nursing profession. Observance of ethical standards by them will be an effective factor in improving performance of patient care and affecting the quality of health care. This study was conducted to determine the facilitating and Inhibitory factors of professional ethics from the perspective of nurses. This cross-sectional descriptive study with the participation of 367 nurses in Masjed-e-Soliman hospitals was performed in 2019. The data collection tool was a questionnaire of facilitating factors in the three dimensions of management, individual, and patients and inhibitory factors in three dimensions of management, environmental, and individual care; design, validity, and reliability of the questionnaire was reported by Dehghani. Data analysis was analyzed using SPSS version 22 and statistical tests. From the nurses' point of view, facilitating factors to follow ethics were: sufficient personnel in proportion to the number of patients (64.6%) in the managerial dimension, proper interpersonal relationship between colleagues and other treatment teams (60.3%) in the individual dimension;. appropriate treatment of patients with nursing staff (59.1%) in the patient dimension. The most important inhibitory factors were: lack of attention to the ability and skills of personnel during the division of labor (71.2%) in the managerial dimension; crowded and busy wards in environmental dimension (69.6%); shortage of time in the individual and care dimension (66.4%). In this research, most important facilitating and inhibitory factors for following professional ethics standards in nurses was evaluated. Due to the necessity of observing the standards of professional ethics in nursing performance, the managers of health care organizations can observe the current situation by conducting periodic studies in the field of professional ethics from the perspective of nurses and patients.
Abdoreza Javan Jafari, Alireza Moshirahmadi, Aria Hejazi, Hesam Ghapanchi,
Volume 13, Issue 0 (3-2020)
Abstract
Efforts of the medical staff are to provide efficient, desirable, and high quality services to patients. However, medical treatments are not immune to error and mistake. So, occurrence of injury following medical managements is inevitable, an issue that could lead to a lawsuit against the medical staff. In such cases, resorting to experts’ opinion is necessary. Therefore, knowledge about effective indicators in sentencing can increase awareness of the treatment staff in addition to reduction of traumatic behaviors. Reflection on the medical forensic cases shows that the reasons of medic’s conviction can be divided in two categories including pre-treatment and post-treatment factors. Errors after entering the treatment process indicate post-treatment index. Breach at the end of treatment, not doing (lack of) treatment in the appropriate place, mismatch or mistake of used techniques, and fault or blunder are the most important issues related to this index. The present study intends to examine the effective criteria in sentencing medical staff in a descriptive-analytical manner based on expert opinions’ of medical malpractice cases.
Seyed Abdosaleh Jafari , Seyed Abolhasan Navab, Bagher Talebi Darabi, Behin Arami Nia,
Volume 15, Issue 1 (3-2022)
Abstract
“Koran” had affirmed “Human Dignity” but in other verse, it had mentioned “Caliphate/Substitution” and “Deposit” about human in comparison with other creatures that they had difficult and covered interpretations. “The choice of good and evil” as Human Dignity criterion, makes it easy and transparent.
“Deposit” verse says Human accepts Deposit and others refuse it because of 2 adjectives: “Zaloom” and “Jahool” from roots of oppression and ignorance. Interpretations are different in meaning this adjective and their relation to deposit. If deposit is choosing, it can make oppression and justice and knowledge and ignorance. Then “FAOOL” structure in Arabic can show potency of action/adjective. Thus, they mean potent for oppression and ignorance like justice and knowledge. It means choosing potency, not actual ugliness.
In “Caliphate” verse, angels say to God that Human creation tend to corruption and killing. God hadn’t refused it but had referred to an upper knowledge. If Caliphate is good choosing too along justice and knowledge, angels had seen properly contemporaneous ignorance and oppression and corruption and killing but they couldn’t recognize the difference between good free discretion and their algebraic goodness that is caliphate and moral similarity and free worship of God with Lordship essence.
Hedayat Jafari, Fatemeh Ahmadi, Mobina Abedinpour,
Volume 17, Issue 0 (Supplement of 11th Annual Iranian Congress of Medical Ethics 2024)
Abstract
Compassion fatigue refers to the physical and emotional exhaustion experienced by healthcare professionals due to prolonged exposure to job-related stress and the emotional demands of caring for others. Compassionate care is vital for achieving better patient outcomes, but various factors during healthcare delivery can compromise it. This study examines the factors influencing compassion fatigue among critical care nurses. This systematic review was conducted by searching databases including SID, Magiran, Irandoc, Iranmedex, Civilica, Science Direct, Web of Science, Embase, PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, and Google Scholar. Keywords used in the search included “compassion fatigue,” “critical care,” “intensive care,” “nurses,” “compassion satisfaction,” and “burnout.” After removing duplicates, studies were screened based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, and their quality was assessed using the Critical Appraisal Checklist for Analytical Cross-Sectional Studies. Ultimately, 23 studies met the criteria and were included in the systematic review (qualitative synthesis). The studies included in this review were conducted between 2012 and 2024, with a total of 5,820 participants. The review found that both workplace structural factors and demographic characteristics of nurses, such as age, sex, marital status, nationality, educational level, resilience, length of shifts, experience in critical care settings, place of work, position within the unit, and nurse-to-patient ratios, are causes and predictors of compassion fatigue. Leadership and administrative support in clinical settings, as well as the coping strategies employed by nurses, were identified as factors that mitigate the impact of compassion fatigue among critical care nurses. This systematic review highlights the profound impact of compassion fatigue on nurses and emphasizes the roles of workplace environment and demographic factors in its development. The findings underscore the importance of supportive leadership and effective coping strategies in reducing compassion fatigue and enhancing compassion satisfaction among critical care nurses. By addressing these factors, healthcare organizations can reduce burnout, improve nurse well-being, and enhance patient care and clinical outcomes.
Mandana Arash, Nadergholi Ghourchian, Parivash Jafari, Akhtar Jamali ,
Volume 17, Issue 0 (Supplement of 11th Annual Iranian Congress of Medical Ethics 2024)
Abstract
Professional commitment is a key indicator of success in the nursing profession. Nursing schools play a critical role in fostering this commitment by instilling the values and responsibilities associated with the profession. Developing a culture of commitment and integrating it as a societal value is essential for cultivating professional behavior in students. This study aimed to identify strategies for enhancing and developing socio-cultural factors that influence professional commitment among nursing students. This applied research employed a qualitative approach. Twenty professional experts were selected through purposive sampling in 2021. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews, guided by the principle of theoretical saturation, and analyzed using content analysis. Six major components were identified as influential strategies: 1. Participation of communication media in the cultural and scientific advancement of the profession; 2. Attention to cultural differences between universities and healthcare centers; 3. Promotion of a culture of commitment in universities and clinical settings; 4. Attention to the alignment between individual culture and professional culture; 5. Attention to ensuring the profession benefits from social support; 6. Attention to the promotion of a culture of work and effort in society. These components were reflected in 20 specific indicators, including: raising awareness, instilling a sense of need, fostering concern among academic communities, educating nurses, resolving cultural conflicts, creating conducive educational environments, employing committed faculty, embedding commitment in the culture and as a duty, aligning individual and professional cultures, promoting social prestige and recognition of the profession, addressing local cultural aspects and gender roles, and enhancing flexibility and participation in social interactions.
The development of professional commitment in nursing students can be significantly enhanced through the promotion of ethical and professional principles and the establishment of a supportive socio-cultural environment. Embedding professional commitment within cultural frameworks contributes to students’ sense of responsibility and its sustainability in professional practice.
Fatemeh Roudi, Hedayat Jafari, Mohammadreza Jalilfar, Seyed Mohammad Mirshafiei, Seyed Tohid Hoseini, Soodabeh Eslami,
Volume 17, Issue 0 (Supplement of 11th Annual Iranian Congress of Medical Ethics 2024)
Abstract
Nurses are critical healthcare providers during global crises, particularly in situations of armed conflict and war, where they face unique and often overwhelming ethical challenges. These professionals are tasked with making immediate and difficult decisions under extreme conditions. This study aims to thoroughly examine the ethical challenges encountered by nurses during global crises, with a particular focus on armed conflicts and wars. This systematic review analyzed articles sourced from PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Magiran, and Google Scholar databases, using the following search terms: "nursing ethics," "war," "global crises," "ethical considerations in nursing during war," and "nursing ethics in armed conflicts." Following a thorough review and filtering process based on the study's objectives, seven articles were selected for inclusion. The findings highlight several ethical challenges faced by nurses during wartime. These challenges include: allocating limited resources under dire circumstances, providing care to both combatants and civilians without bias, maintaining patient confidentiality while cooperating with military authorities, and delivering care in hazardous and unpredictable environments. The ethical issues nurses encounter in global crises, particularly in war, include: 1) the tension between professional duty and political or military affiliations, 2) the ethical dilemma of allocating scarce resources in critical conditions, 3) the decision of which patients should be prioritized for treatment, and 4) the significant risks to life involved in providing care in conflict zones. Nursing care during global crises, especially in wartime, presents profound ethical dilemmas that demand rapid and sound decision-making. Adequate training in nursing ethics tailored to wartime conditions, as well as robust support for nurses in these high-pressure environments, are critical to addressing these challenges effectively.
Mohammadreza Jalilfar, Hedayat Jafari, Fatemeh Roudi, Seyed Tohid Hoseini, Soodabeh Eslami, Seyed Mohammad Mirshafiei,
Volume 17, Issue 0 (Supplement of 11th Annual Iranian Congress of Medical Ethics 2024)
Abstract
With the increasing need for home nursing care, patient autonomy emerges as a crucial ethical principle in delivering care services. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the importance of autonomy and individual independence in home-based patient care. In this systematic review, articles from PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Magiran databases, and Google Scholar search engine, published within the last 10 years, were used to search for articles related to autonomy and independence in home nursing care. The keywords used in the search were: "patient autonomy", "home nursing care", "nursing ethics" and "autonomy in nursing home care". After reviewing and filtering the articles based on the study's objectives, 20 articles related to autonomy in home nursing care were included in this systematic review. The findings of these studies indicated that various factors can influence patient autonomy at home-care, including: · Individual factors: age, gender, physical and mental health status of the patient; · Family factors: family support, family relationships, family culture; · Social factors: social support, access to social resources; · Organizational factors: care policies, organizational structure, organizational culture. Considering these findings and their comparisons, it can be concluded that to promote patient autonomy at home, all the mentioned factors should be considered. Some of the suggested solutions to promote patient autonomy are: · Educating the patient and family about patient autonomy; · Strengthening family support for the patient; · Providing social support services to the patient; · Developing care policies that support patient autonomy; · Improving organizational structure and culture. Patient autonomy is one of the essential ethical principles in home nursing care. Considering the factors affecting patient's autonomy, comprehensive solutions should be considered to promote it. Patient and family education, strengthening family support, providing social support services and improving organizational structure and culture are among the effective solutions in this field.
