Hossein Jabbari Beirami, Fariba Bakhshiyan, Gholamreza Bateni, Mohammad Ali Mohjal Shojaae, Faridoon Abbasnejad, Majid Khalili,
Volume 5, Issue 2 (4-2012)
Abstract
In the middle age (500–1500), while European countries were struggling with frightening epidemics such as plague, smallpox, tuberculoses, leprosy, and their medical treatments were based on superstitions and fanaticism, scientists such as Avicenna and Rhazes laid the foundation of the golden period in medicine.
In the late periods of golden centuries, during the Mogul invasion of Iran, Rashidaddin Fazlollah Hamadani devoted a great deal of effort to preserve the knowledge by foundation of the knowledge city of Rabé Rashidi and
Daralshafa (Medical and Health Service College) in Tabriz.
Rashidaddin established a successful health management system which was accordance with the current modern health management systems. The objective of this review is to present a clear perspective of a successful Iranian Islamic model of health delivery system 700 years ago.
The review was conducted in the form of descriptive bases of original documents with a systemic approach.
Findings show a successful management experience in health system in terms of stewardship, resource allocation, provision of health services and financing which appears to be in accordance with the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration in 2000.
Promotion of team working, employment of fulltime and part-time physicians, implementation of a fair and functional economic structure, health economic, sustainable financial mechanisms, public insurance, home care provision, and isolation of communicable diseases in hospitals can be considered as examples of a successful Iranian Islamic health management system.
It can be concluded that as Iranian health management system is faced with many different challenges, gleaning lessons from successful national historical experiences can play a key role in the establishment of a competent system based on our Islamic and national values and in accordance with modern scientific achievements.
Kazem Khodadoost, Gholamreza Bateni, Majid Khalili, Mohammadreza Ardalan, Mohammad Ali Mohjal Shoja,
Volume 5, Issue 3 (19 2012)
Abstract
Al-Akawayni is considered one of the greatest and most reputable Iranian physicians of the fourth century AH whose medical works and expertise have been reliable and acceptable sources in most periods of the history of medicine. Unfortunately, old books do not reveal much about his life and works, and what we know about him is based on his own statements and evidence and inferences we have made from his famous work "Hidayat al-Mutaallimin fi-al-Tibb" (Learner's guide to medicine). He was a student of Abu Al Qasem Moqaneiy, who, in turn, was a student of Muhammad Zakaria Razi. His works, especially "Hidayat al-Mutaallimin fi-al-Tibb", are considered reliable medical texts along with other great medical textbooks of Iran. This book is important from several viewpoints. First, it is the oldest available medical text in Persian second, it is rich in linguistic and literary technicalities third, it is valuable from a medical and scientific point of view, especially traditional medicine fourth, it is an important source to learn the names of a large number of medications, herbal medicines, and scholars in the history of Iranian medicine.
Ali Sadrollahi, Zahra Khalili,
Volume 8, Issue 3 (9-2015)
Abstract
Moral sensitivity is an attribute that enables people to recognize moral conflicts, forms their perceptions of complex situations, and makes them aware of the ethical consequences of their decisions. Moral decision-making and identification of related motives is an integral part of the nursing profession. Many factors are involved in nurses’ sensitivity to professional ethics, and the present study aimed to survey professional moral sensitivity and associated factors among the nurses in West Golestan province of Iran.This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in 2014 on 288 nurses employed in public health centers affiliated with West Golestan University of Medical Sciences through convenience sampling. Research instrument was a demographic data questionnaire and the Moral Sensitivity Scale for Nurses. Data were analyzed by SPSS 16. Descriptive statistics and a significance level of P<0.05 were used for data analysis.A total of 229 (79.5%) of the study subjects were female. The mean age of the study population was 31.2 ± 6.4 years, and their moral sensitivity score was 63.48 ± 13.9. The level of moral sensitivity was reported as low in 51 subjects (17.7%), moderate in 182 subjects (63/2%), and high in 53 subjects (18/4%). The highest rating pertained to application of professional knowledge (mean rank=4.83). Results of the Spearman correlation test showed a significant relationship between the nurses’age and their professional moral sensitivity (r=0.152, P=0.005). Moreover, the Mann-Whitney U test showed a significant difference between nurses’ professional moral sensitivity and history of participation in ethics workshops (P=0.001).The moral sensitivity of nurses in West Golestan province was established as moderate, indicating the importance of attention to professional ethics and raising nurses’ awareness of sensitive moral issues related to their profession.
Sorayya Faraji, Seyed Mohsen Seyedi, Majid Khalili, Mehran Seif-Farshad,
Volume 12, Issue 0 (3-2019)
Abstract
Writing treatises and books on ethics and morality is one of the most important topics in medicine history. Teaching and learning medical knowledge and skills was a common one in the golden age of science in Islam, too. The scholars of that period considered the ethical points of view as an important fact in their medical profession. The present article reports the behavior and ethics of physicians based on the review on the first book in this field, "Adab al-Tabib". This book, which can be called the Encyclopedia of Medical Ethics, represents standpoints of the prominent Islamic scholar, Ishaq bin Ali Al-Ruhawi. In this paper, it was intended to summarize the main points of professional behavior and ethics among physicians. Due to the wide-ranging and comprehensive nature of the book, only a few pertinent topics were reviewed. Those topics include the necessity and concept of politeness; the behavior and commitment of physicians towards themselves, patients and society as well as the behavior of nurses, attendees and tips on how to train and examine medical and pharmacy students. Al-Ruhawi in this book, declares that the first necessity of medicine is the true faith and belief in God and the doctors are the guardians of the body and soul. Commitment to medical education, nurses and pharmacists’ role in the management process, physicians’ communication skills suggesting of learning other sciences such as philosophy and more important point, strong relationship of body and soul, are the strengths of Adab-al-Tabib that Ruhawi intended to improve quality of medical services by reviewing them.
