Showing 36 results for Mohammadi
Ali Mohammadi,
Volume 1, Issue 3 (9-2008)
Abstract
Fariba Borhani, Fatemeh Alhani, Iesa Mohammadi, Abbas Abbaszadeh,
Volume 2, Issue 3 (9-2009)
Abstract
Fereshteh Aeen, Fatemeh Alhani, Isa Mohammadi, Anooshirvan Kazemnejad,
Volume 3, Issue 1 (3-2010)
Abstract
Ali Mohammadi,
Volume 3, Issue 1 (12-2009)
Abstract
Zahra Molazem, Ahmadi, Iesa Mohammadi, Shahram Bolandparvaz,
Volume 3, Issue 3 (5-2010)
Abstract
Aliasghar Ghods, Easa Mohammadi, Zohreh Vanaki, Anooshirvan Kazemnejad,
Volume 4, Issue 1 (12-2010)
Abstract
Although there is no more propensity for measuring patient's satisfaction as an important qualitative scale of health services, the thing which is slightly seems to be forgotten is the attention towards the concept and expansion of theory framework. The purpose of this study is to remark the meaning of satisfaction and to offer a qualitative definition for that. This research is a qualitative study and content analysis. During the study period fifteen patients who were hospitalized in Semnan hospitals (2009) were selected. The data were gathered by half-structured interview and analyzed. The results of this study shows four two major themes and four subthemes including feeling of satisfaction and the reception of nurses by patients. Accordingly, satisfaction is a calm sense that the patient feels it after the emotional and logical reception of nurses. The feeling will be sensed by intelligent and sometimes emotional feeling of patient towards the nurse in his/her care unit environment. The results of this study indicate the real and basic meaning of patient's satisfaction from nurses' views. This meaning is even beyond the imagination of experts and managers. These results can be put into work for designing suitable tools to measure the scale of patients' satisfaction of nurses based on their real perception.
Mohammad Reza Heidari, Monireh Anoosheh, Taghi Azad Armaki, Eisa Mohammadi,
Volume 4, Issue 6 (12-2011)
Abstract
Caring for dying patient is one of the painful events and a tough experience for nurses. Care of dying patient according to his/her cultural norms is one of the principles of nurse's professionalism. Therefore identifying and explaining the daily experiences of nurses in cultural care of dying patients would help in determining caring standards. Due to the lack of such studies, the aim of this study was to explain the nurses' experiences in the care of dying patients.
This study is a qualitative investigation with content analysis method. Eighteen nurses working in teaching hospitals of Tehran were selected by purposeful sampling method from 2010 to 2011. Data were collected through semi-structured face to face interviews. Content of the interviews were transcribed and analyzed by content analysis.
The findings were classified into two themes of cultural exposure and cultural skills. Understanding of family presence and family bereavement were two sub-themes of cultural exposure. Cultural skills consist of 3 sub-themes i.e., preparation for telling bad news, facilitating facing death and solacing family members.
Regarding our results, in order to meet patients and their families expectations in a respectful manner, nurses awareness of cultural norms of the dying patient and his/her family seems to be necessary. It would be an important step in reforming and improving nursing performance and professional development.
Zahra Sadat Manzari, Easa Mohammadi, Abbas Heidari, Hamidreza Aghamohammadian Sherbaf, Mohammad Jafar Modabber Azizi, Ebrahim Khaleghi,
Volume 4, Issue 6 (12-2011)
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore experiences of family members of patients confronting brain death diagnosis and the request for organ donation.
A qualitative study was designed focusing on content analysis. Data collection process included 38 unstructured in- depth interviews with relatives of 26 brain death patients who were candidate for organ donation and field notes. Sampling method began as purposive and continued as theoretical until saturation.
Five main themes were extracted from the current dataset that indicated family experiences and perceptions of brain death concept while being informed. The themes were included internal conflict, internal barriers against external realities, imminent sense of loss and grief, surrender and acceptance.
The results showed that facing the diagnosis of brain death for relatives and family members is a condition surrounded by many challenges, ambiguities and conflicts that is become more complicated when emotional responses related to grieving and defensive psychological reactions emerge. So it is recommended before any organ request, at first medical team provide conditions for brain death acceptance. Respecting family members experiences and their perceptions about the situation will resolve their internal ambiguities and conflicts. At this situation requesting organ donation seems to be rational.
Mojgan Khademi, Easa Mohammadi, Zohreh Vanaki,
Volume 5, Issue 3 (19 2012)
Abstract
Valuing human being is the foundation of nursing and the essence of care. Specified aspects of the health care are not compatible with the humanistic agenda. Thus, the challenge is to integrate a humanistic approach into nursing. Nursing scientists have tried to solve this problem by developing human centered theories. Internal evaluation of these theories helps decide about their applicability in solving this problem and enhancing a humanistic approach.The aim of this article is to investigate the applicability of some humanistic theories to nurses' practice. The method is critical review of related literature. Data have been gathered by consulting books, searching some data bases, and using some guiding questions. Findings revealed that humanistic nursing theories, transpersonal care, and human development are becoming specifically expanded under the influence of humanism philosophy. In these theories, human being is free and prepared to grow in a mutual interaction with the environment. Nursing flows from its presence along side others and respect for people's potentials, and has a share in human growth. Emphasis on human interactions has increased the scope of applicability for these theories, but some characteristics of these theories, users, and different context necessitate modifying these theories and developing new ones.
Somayeh Mohammadi, Nozar Nakhaei, Fariba Borhani, Mostafa Roshanzadeh,
Volume 6, Issue 5 (12-2013)
Abstract
Moral intelligence is one of the dimensions of intelligence that can provide a framework for the proper function of man, and be used as a predictor for people’s conduct. Nurses’ performance is of great importance because of the moral and human nature of their profession, and their adherence to ethical principles improves the nursing care quality as well as organizational performance. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess moral intelligence in nurses.This cross-sectional study was conducted on 400 nurses from teaching hospitals in South Khorasan. Participants were selected through census method. Data were collected by Lennik & Kiel’s moral intelligence questionnaire, and data analysis was performed using SPSS 16 software and descriptive and analytical statistics tests. The results suggest that the nurses’ moral intelligence score was 4.35 ± 0.56 (range: 1-5). There was a direct and meaningful relationship between moral intelligence and age and years of practice (P < 0.05).Optimal levels of moral intelligence suggest the importance that nurses attribute to moral values, and can also be an indirect manifestation of their moral conduct in healthcare environments.
Fariba Borhani, Somayyeh Mohammadi , Mostafa Roshanzadeh,
Volume 6, Issue 6 (2-2014)
Abstract
Moral distress is an important issue in the field of medical ethics that can have serious effects on nurses, patients and health organizations. One of the most common effects of this phenomenon is professional stress in nurses. Stressful situations in nurses’ job environment lead to burnout and dissatisfaction, and adversely affect the quality of care.This was a cross-sectional study aimed to determine the relationship between moral distress and professional stress in 220 nurses of educational hospitals in the city of Birjand. Data were collected using a 51-item questionnaire based on Corley’s Moral Distress Scale and Wolfgang’s Health Professions Stress Inventory. Reliability and validity of the questionnaire were assessed by the researchers, and its reliability was calculated using Cronbach’s alpha (93%).The results indicated a positive relationship between moral distress and professional stress (P<0/05, r = 0/8). Intensity and frequency of moral distress and professional stress were reported average.Moral distress and professional stress were reported at a frequency and severity of moderate size. Findings of this study can provide guidelines for educating nurses on this phenomenon and the conditions leading to it. They may also be used to develop management strategies and establish organizations to prevent and minimize the consequences of these phenomena in nurses.
Somayeh Mohammadi, Fariba Borhani, Leili Roshanzadeh, Mostafa Roshanzadeh,
Volume 7, Issue 2 (7-2014)
Abstract
Moral distress is one of the ethical challenges that nurses face due to the nature of their career. Nurses' frequent confrontation with this phenomenon can have different outcomes such as frustration and boredom in providing patient care. This will lead directly to a decline in care quality and can hamper the accomplishment of health goals. Therefore, the present study examined the relationship between moral distress and compassion fatigue in nurses.This cross-sectional study was conducted on 260 nurses of intensive care units in Kerman who were selected through convenience sampling method. In this study, Corley’s moral distress scale and Figley’s Compassion Fatigue Scale were used for data collection. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS software and descriptive and analytical statistics.The results of this study indicate that there is a significantly positive relationship between moral distress and compassion fatigue (P<0.05). From a total range of 0 to 5, the average score of moral distress was 3.5±0.8 in terms of intensity, and 3.9±0.55 in terms of frequency. The mean of compassion fatigue score was 3.5±0.68 from a range of 0 to 5.Moral distress and its association with compassion fatigue suggest that conditions contributing to moral distress can have an important role in the quality of care. It is clear that strategies should be adopted to prevent the occurrence of these conditions. Informing nurses about moral distress and its consequences as well as periodic consultations will play an important part in the identification and management of moral distress and its consequences.
Somayeh Mohammadi, Fariba Borhani, Mostafa Roshanzadeh,
Volume 7, Issue 3 (9-2014)
Abstract
In the nursing profession, moral distress is a challenge thatc an have different consequences. The nurses’ moral courage to make the right decision can play an important role in the prevention of moral distress, and thus promote moral comfort. The present study examined the relationship between moral distress and moral courage in nurses. In this study, 313 nurses from hospitals in southern Khorasan Province were selected through quota sampling, and Corley’s Moral Distress Scale and the Professional Moral Courage Scale by Sekerka, et al. were used for data collection. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive and analytical statistics. The findings showed a significant relationship between the intensity of moral distress and moral courage (P = 0.03, r = - 0.44). From a range of 0 - 5, the mean of moral distress was 3.7 ± 0.5 in terms of intensity, and 3.55 ± 0.86 in terms of frequency. The mean score of moral courage was calculated at 3.33 ± 0.46 from a range of 1 - 5.The significant correlation between moral distress and moral courage strongly suggests that high levels of moral courage in nurses can play an important role in controlling moral distress. Determining the factors that create moral courage and developing strategies and circumstances such as promoting an appropriate moral climate could play a major role in encouraging moral behavior and controlling moral distress.
Hossein Ebrahimi, Effat Sadeghian, Naeimeh Seyedfatemi, Eesa Mohammadi,
Volume 7, Issue 4 (11-2014)
Abstract
Patient autonomy is the opposite of paternalism and an essential element in individualised, patient-centred, ethical care. Challenges associated with patient autonomy are culture-related and have not been fully investigated in Iran so far. The aim of this study was to explore the challenges to the autonomy of patients in Iranian hospitals.This was a qualitative study using conventional content analysis methods. In 2013 13 patients, 7 nurses and 1 doctor were selected from three Tabriz and Hamadan teaching hospitals using purposive sampling to participate in semi-structured interviews. The interviews were subjected to qualitative content analysis and analysed using the MAXQD10 software.Fifteen categories and three themes were identified. The three main themes related to challenges associated with patient autonomy were: interpersonal factors, altered relationships, and organisational constraints. In summary, this study revealed some challenges associated with patient autonomy that the treatment team, managers and planners in the health care system should target in order to improve patient autonomy.
Sepideh Mohammadi, Tajmohammad Arazi,
Volume 7, Issue 5 (1-2015)
Abstract
Nowadays academic life is closely related to the issue of publication. Consequently, there are numerous challenges in naming authors of scientific papers and publication ethics in general, making it essential to identify the various problems in this area. The present article acquires a historical view to investigate the challenges and solutions related to this topic.This is a review article based on a search of scientific databases from 1985 to 2014. Honorary authorship, coercion authorship, ghost authorship and non-compliance are instances of ethical issues in naming authors. To solve these problems, several agencies have provided ethical guidelines in this respect including the International Council of Medical Journals Editors (ICMJE), contributorship, objective measurement tools and the National Directory of Ethics in Medical Research Publications. Nevertheless, studies point to the existence of problems in this area.In order to solve the existing issues, the evaluation system of scientific and research organizations should propel quantity-oriented evaluation over quality oriented criteria. We also believe that the educational system, specifically in the post graduate period, can affect scientific research and publication ethics to a great extent and thus promote ethical conduct in students and researchers.
Mohammad Mohammadi, Mohammad Shamsoddin Dayani Tilaki, Professor Bagher Larijani,
Volume 9, Issue 6 (3-2017)
Abstract
Privacy and confidentiality are the inalienable rights of every human being to preserve his dignity. This issue should be considered in all levels of medical interventions. In the healthcare system, based on respect for privacy and confidentiality, patients decides what information to provide to their physicians. However, if a patient does not provide necessary information to his physician this may impact the diagnosis and treatment. This study aims to evaluate patients’ attitude regarding privacy and confidentiality in healthcare delivery. The result helps policy makers to establish appropriate relations between healthcare providers and patients by realizing its strengths and weaknesses.
This cross-sectional study was carried out on 200 patients, selected in a systematically random way, in Imam Khomeini and Shariati hospitals in Tehran the capital of Iran in 2010. The data were collected directly from patients by trained interviewers based on a questionnaire survey. In order to analyze the data based on the scores of the attitude, patients’ attitudes were classified into three groups of negative, slightly positive, and positive and were evaluated by using various statistical tests.
In result, 56.5% (113) of participants were females and 43.5% (87) were male. In this study, it was found 71 (35.5%) patients were “strongly agree” that male physician can examine female patients and 99 (49.5%) patients were “agree”. Fifty three patients were “strongly agree” that physician may consult with his assistant through training (without the patient's permission) and 103 patients were “agree”. Participants’ attitude about disclosing the patient’s information if a he has threaten self-harm or harm to another person was as follow, 45 (22.5%) patients were “strongly agree”, 82 (41.0%) patients were “agree” and 56 (28.0%) patients had “no comment”. In this study, in general 36 (18.0%) patients had “negative”, 162 (81.0%) patients “slightly positive”, and 2 (1.0%) patients had “positive attitude” towards privacy and confidentiality in healthcare settings.
In conclusion, the study population possessed a moderate attitude towards privacy and confidentiality. These results show that in addition to performing further studies, patients’ attitude towards privacy and confidentiality should be adequately improved.
Mahmoud Motavassel Arani, Mohammad Hassan Alamolhoda, Nikzad Easazade, Gholamreza Noormohammadi,
Volume 10, Issue 0 (3-2017)
Abstract
Modern medical ethics, in particular the principle of Non-Maleficent, advises the medical staff to avoid any harm to the patient. Islamic jurists, using religious texts and sources, have introduced rules that are applicable in many areas of life. Among these rules, is the rule Non-Harm, that in this article to review this rule and its applications in medicine. In addition to discussions of the documents, a better understanding of the words "Darar" and "Dirar" and deny or forbid the word "La" at the beginning of the base document, is one of the major issues and disputes. Organ transplants, family planning and birth control, responsibility to protect the health, need to see a doctor for treatment, civil responsibility for doctors in the treatment, responsibility for custodians of society for the control of AIDS, are the problems affecting today's health systems that the rule of No Harm is flowing in them.
Reza Mohammadi Nasab, Abdorasol Emadi, Seyyed Mohammad Rahim Rabbanizadeh,
Volume 10, Issue 0 (3-2017)
Abstract
Writing treatise on Islah al-Adwiat (Reducing the Side-Effects of Drugs) is one of the most important issues in Islamic medicine. During the first few centuries of Islamic civilization, four important treatises were written on this subject, which established the scientific tradition that formed the bases of the subsequent pharmacological formation. This paper addresses the tradition of writing books on reducing the side-effects of purgatives and it also critically edits and translates the books written by three prominent scholars – Hubaysh b. Atham of Damascus, Qusta b. Luqa of Balbak and Muhammad Zakaria Razi – relying on the surviving manuscripts. The research objective followed by this paper is examining and analyzing the purgatives as an important class in the pharmacological and medical books of the Islamic era.
Almost all books on medicine and pharmacology written in the old medical tradition have a section or a chapter devoted to the detailed introduction of purgatives and counteracting their side effects. Examining these bits, one may trace the main structure of the tradition, which continued for many centuries. Besides, comparing them may provide an appropriate perspective to look at the history of pharmacology. To this end, images of the material included in those books were obtained from libraries and museums, which have housed such books for almost a millennium. Then they were analyzed along with translating and editing.
It may be concluded that pharmacologists belonging to the old medical paradigm would use drugs to treat conditions of bad health caused by changes in the patient’s humors; the drugs, however, would cause some side-effects along with removing humors and residues, leading to a change in the main humor of the body. The pharmacologists; therefore, introduced the drugs, their harms, as well as the best type of the drug to be used and finally suggested some methods in detail to reduce their side effects
Zahra Tazakori, Zahra Etebari Asl, Miss Zahra Mohammadi, Khatereh Nemati,
Volume 11, Issue 0 (3-2018)
Abstract
Moral sensitivity is one of the most important factors in improving the quality of nursing cares and nurses' performance. This research aimed to determine the relationship between moral sensitivity and self- efficacy in operating room nurses affiliated to educational- therapeutic centers in Ardabil University of medical sciences. This descriptive-correlation study was carried out on a sample of 144 nurses of operating room by census method in 2017. Data were collected by using moral sensitivity standard questionnaire and clinical performance self- efficacy. Data were analyzed using statistical tests: Pearson correlation coefficient, independent t- test and one way ANOVA by SPSS15 software. The mean of nurses' age was 30±6.07 years old. The majority of nurses were female (%54) and majority of them were in operating room discipline (%59). The mean and standard deviation of moral sensitivity score was 87±11.00 and the total self-efficacy was 129±13.00. Pearson correlation coefficient showed a significant statistical correlation between self-efficacy score and moral sensitivity of nurses (P<0.0001, r=0.882). The results of this study showed that moral sensitivity and self-efficiency of operating room nurses is high. Furthermore, it seems that high moral sensitivity increases self-efficacy. However, moral sensitivity and self-efficacy of nurses can be improved by holding ethical and professional workshops.
Sina Valiee, Shiva Mohammadi, Shaeib Dehghani, Farzaneh Khanpour,
Volume 12, Issue 0 (3-2019)
Abstract
Nowadays, transplantation is the final treatment for the patients with end-stage organ dysfunction. Considering the importance of the organ donation and the important role of teachers in raising the knowledge and attitude of a large group of people, the present study aimed to determine the level of knowledge and the attitudes of the teachers in Sanandaj regarding organ donation. This study was a descriptive-analytic (cross-sectional). A total of 250 teachers working in the first and second level of high school in Sanandaj city were selected by cluster sampling method in the academic year 2017-2018 and completed the questionnaire on knowledge and attitude towards organ donation. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 20, independent t-test and ANOVA. The findings of this study showed that 152 (60.8%) had moderate knowledge and 92 (36.8%) had high knowledge about organ donation. 166 teachers (66.4%) had moderate attitude and 81 teachers (32.4%) had high attitude toward it. 90.8% of teachers lacked donation cards, while 144 (57.6%) were inclined to receive a donation card. According to the results, the knowledge and attitude of the majority of teachers were moderate and most of them did not have a donation card. Considering the importance of this effective group in raising the culture and knowledge of students and their families in the community toward organ donation, education and preparing appropriate background for receiving, raising knowledge, and attitudes toward organ donation for the teachers are required.
