Search published articles


Showing 7 results for Nazari
Confidentiality: a comparative study between medical ethics principles and Islamic ethics
Saeid Nazari Tavakoli, Nasrin Nejadsarvari,
Volume 5, Issue 7 (29 2013)
Abstract

Confidentiality is one of the oldest principles of the medical profession that impacts on the relationship between physician and patient, the personal interests of patient and physician and consequently social welfare. While emphasizing the necessity of confidentiality, religious teachings consider disclosure of others' secrets a sin that deserves punishment thereafter. Nowadays, medical developments and the invention of new diagnostic and therapeutic procedures as well as the vastness of the informatics world make disclosure of patients' secrets easier than ever. This review article is the result of a descriptive study, and the information was collected using reliable library and internet resources. It will first expound the concepts and principles of confidentiality in medical ethics as well as Islamic ethics, and will then proceed to a comparative review of the similarities and differences in these two sets of­­­­ ethical views on the issue of confidentiality. In addition to the emphasis of medical ethics and Islamic ethics on the necessity of confidentiality in order to win public trust, both sets of teachings cover two areas of personal and public discretion, while in Islamic ethics, the issue extends to a third from, namely religious confidentiality. This makes Islamic ethics more comprehensive in the sense that based on Islamic teachings, the person who keeps someone's secret will also be rewarded in the Hereafter. Also, in medical ethics, only the behavior of the health staff is evaluated and their moods and motives are not taken into consideration, while Islamic ethics pays attention to human dispositions and therefore confidentiality is more stable and can maintain its efficiency without external supervision.


Definition of medical ethics: dos and don’ts
Saeed Nazari Tavakoli, Nasrin Nejadsarvari,
Volume 6, Issue 5 (12-2013)
Abstract
Moral dilemmas caused by modern diagnostic and therapeutic advances in medical science have increased the need to address medical ethics a hundredfold. Medical ethics is a "science", so the method needs scientific work. In order to achieve the objectives of any science, we need to define and resolve the ambiguities surrounding it. Notwithstanding the definitions presented in conjunction with the science of medical ethics, still some issues remain unclear about it.An important part of our knowledge consists of the answers to what things are, and that is nothing but definitions. Definitions comprise the bulk of our perceptions and therefore need to be employed.This review article is the result of a descriptive study. The data were collected through studying credible textbooks and searching internet resources and related articles. While emphasizing the need to clarify the definition of science and characteristics of logical definition, this paper evaluates some of the definitions of medical ethics and by showing their weak points, notes that there is a need for a logical definition of this science and the necessary consideration
Medical futility, useless or frivolity?
Mohsen Rezaei Aderyani, Saeid Nazari Tavakkoli, Mehrzad Kiani, Mahmood Abbasi, Mohsen Javadi,
Volume 10, Issue 0 (3-2017)
Abstract
Medical ethics is an old science. Some of its issues have historical precedence, and others are modern challenges, and have emerged with advances in technology. One of such historic but newly emerging challenges is "bi’natijeghi-e-pezeshki (futile treatment)", which is defined as the treatment that cannot achieve its goal. This term entered medical literature as "medical futility" in late 1980s. Based on this investigation, it can be concluded that this term should only be used when the desired outcome following medical procedure and the outcome sought by the medical team and patient/family (patient's health) is unlikely to be realized. There are various equivalents for this term in our country (Islamic Republic of Iran), including "bi’fayedegi-e-pezeshki (medical uselessness)", "bi’houdeghi (frivolity) in medicine", and even "inappropriate treatment". The present article aimed to find a suitable Persian equivalent for this concept. The use of interpretations such as "frivolity" or "uselessness" may cause misunderstanding between patient/family and the medical team, and can ruin the trust between patient/family and the medical team. Thus, the best alternative to this English term appears to be "bi’natijeghi-e-pezeshki (futile treatment)".

Ethical Analysis of Neurosurgery‎ ICU Staff Performance in Patient Acceptance Process in Loghman Hospital
Saeid Nazari Tavakkoli, Mohammadreza Hajiesmaeili , Omidvar Rezaei Mirghaed , Saeedeh Nateghinia,
Volume 12, Issue 0 (3-2019)
Abstract
A study on the adaptability of the patient's admission process with ethical standards has a significant role in reducing the misconduct of the medical staff and increasing the satisfaction of patients. Hence, by the study of the patient's admission process in the Neurosurgery ICU and the identification of its personnel faults; we are going to provide a platform for excellent service to patients. This study is a qualitative study. It had done with the In-depth interviewing with 28 staff of the Neurosurgery ICU of Loghman Hospital during the winter of 1396 (December2017- March 2018). The data is collected and analyzed with triple coding: open, selective, and axial. "The lack of ethical sensitivity to nursing profession and its importance" is a general tag for seven categories of functional status of ICU staff: the use of staff with insufficient professional competence, the impact of staff tastes in professional relationships, irrational expectations, lack of communication skills, the inability to admission new patients and work in other health centers. Accordingly, "the lack of moral sensitivity to the profession and its importance" in the ICU staff is a central phenomenon that results from neglect of the importance of developing transparent processes for various activities in the ICU, as well as the lack of professional training. This will make the ICU staff ignore the implementation of the defined standards, and subsequently  the decline in the quality of health care services in ICU.
 

Jurisprudential Legal Explanation of Confiscation of Property in Drug Crimes
Saeid Nazari Tavakkoli, Hojjat Azizollahi,
Volume 14, Issue 0 (3-2021)
Abstract
Drug crimes, regardless of the economic consequences, have threatened public and individual health and determined the international community to combat them effectively. Therefore, in the laws in question, confiscation of property is considered as a punishment for criminals of drug crimes; while from a jurisprudential point of view, this punishment has faced challenges. The findings of the present study performed using descriptive-analytical method and based on library sources show that the legislator has accepted the confiscation of property as a punishment for some drug crimes in article 18 of the Law on Medical and Pharmaceutical and Food and Beverage Regulations. According to jurisprudence, although man has the right of ownership over his property and assets, it does not mean he is absolute owner. According to special circumstances and assuming the existence of public interests, this right can be ignored in the form of confiscation of property provided that other deterrents to committing drug offenses are not applicable.

The Heart of Healing: How Narrative Medicine Deepens Nursing – A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials
Negin Farid, Nazanin Nazari, Narges Jafar Malek,
Volume 17, Issue 0 (Supplement of 11th Annual Iranian Congress of Medical Ethics 2024)
Abstract
Narrative medicine has emerged as a transformative model in healthcare, emphasizing the role of patient stories in enhancing the quality of care. By recognizing the individuality of each patient's narrative—shaped by personal experiences and cultural contexts—this approach fosters deeper connections between caregivers and patients. Despite its growing recognition, narrative medicine remains underutilized in nursing, where the psychological and emotional dimensions of care are often overlooked. This systematic review examines clinical trials that investigate the integration of narrative practices into nursing education and care delivery, with the aim of assessing their clinical and educational impact. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across international and national databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, SID, Noor, Magiran, Irandoc, and Google Scholar, using relevant English and Persian keywords. Eligible studies were clinical trials published in English or Persian. After removing duplicates and applying inclusion criteria, eight studies were included for analysis. Selection and data extraction were conducted independently by two researchers, with discrepancies resolved by a third reviewer. The review adhered to PRISMA guidelines and ethical standards were maintained throughout. The studies, published between 2018 and 2024, involved nursing students (mean age 17.96–21.5 years), patients with lung tumors (mean age 49.31 years), and elderly patients (aged 61–89 years) with complex fractures. Findings were synthesized into three main domains. First, narrative-based education significantly enhanced empathy and academic performance among nursing students. Second, the implementation of narrative approaches led to measurable reductions in anxiety and depression among patients, particularly those with lung tumors. Third, improvements were observed in overall quality of life, pain management, and cognitive function, especially in elderly patients. These findings suggest that narrative education plays a critical role in improving both clinical and psychological outcomes. Narrative-based interventions enhance the empathetic capacity of nurses and contribute to higher standards of patient care. Incorporating narrative approaches into nursing curricula and clinical practice is recommended as a strategy to foster more holistic and human-centered care.

Considering Futile Treatment as Extravagance and Approving its Illegitimacy: A Comparative Study of Medical Ethics and Islamic Jurisprudence
Saeed Nazari Tavakkoli, Saeed Ghadirzadeh Toosi,
Volume 17, Issue 1 (3-2024)
Abstract
Treating patients whose lives are in danger or threatened by irreparable harm, is an obligatory act. However, sometimes, due to old age, the severity of the disease, or the lack of definitive treatment, the patient faces a situation where, according to the diagnosis of the medical staff, starting or continuing the treatment has no effect on patient recovery, or the effect is so insignificant that is ignored in medical practice. This study was conducted using a descriptive and analytical method based on library resources to compare “futile treatment” in medical ethics with “Israf” (extravagance) in Islamic jurisprudence so as to indicate the level of conceptual compatibility between these two concepts. Moreover, considering the illegitimacy of extravagance in jurisprudential teachings, it was attempted to explore whether it is illegitimate, according to Islamic rules, to perform futile treatment. To do so, first, futile treatment and its characteristics in medical texts were defined. Second, the ethical considerations of performing such treatment were explained based on the teachings of medical ethics. Third, extravagance was analyzed in terms of concept, topic, and sentence by referring to valid lexical, jurisprudential, narrative, and interpretative resources. Finally, based on a comparative study, the level of compatibility of futile treatment with extravagance was investigated. The findings of this study showed futile treatment is an example of extravagance as it causes the waste of personal or public property, lacks rational purpose, and does not lead to patient recovery or promotion of health status. Therefore, futile treatment is not considered an obligatory act but even an illegitimate one as it is a clear example of extravagance. In addition to punishment in the afterlife, it entails civil liability as it results in the loss of others’ property.

Page 1 from 1     

© 2026 , Tehran University of Medical Sciences, CC BY-NC 4.0

Designed & Developed by: Yektaweb