Showing 8 results for Parsapour
Mostafa Ghanei, Bita Mesgarpour, Seyyed Hassan Saadat, Alireza Parsapour, Fatemeh Bamdadi, Amin Mahmood Robati, Alireza Keramati,
Volume 1, Issue 1 (7-2008)
Abstract
Backgrounds: Nowadays one of the major problems in research ethics, especially in medical researches, is how to make bioethics codes practical and how to oblige researchers to perform them. In this essay, we have tried to suggest all detailed activities of different management sides which have a role in different phases of performing a research project, to make codes more practical.
Materials and Methods: In order to provide a practical guideline in medial research ethics issue from different points of view, a workshop was held by the presence of some representatives from type1 medical universities, 9 research centers, Pasteur Institute, molecular research and stem cells networks, and members of national research ethics committee.
Results: Participants were divided into 5 groups based on their proficiency and management scopes and edited the task's descriptions. These groups included: 1) task's description for ethics committee of universities 2) task's description for research executive managers and research deputies of universities and research centers 3) task's description for professors, executors, managers, research deputies of departments and research council's department 4) task's description for international relationship committees of universities 5) task's description for publishing committees. These 5 groups were chosen deliberatively.
Conclusion: Considering importance of bioethics, interference of environmental and sociological factors, local area culture and existence of executive facilities, providing practical codes of ethics needs group assistance and researchers' national impetus, research affairs accomplishment and massive country management.
Alireza Parsapour, Ahmadreza Hemmati Moghaddam, Mohammadbagher Parsapour, Bagher Larijani,
Volume 1, Issue 4 (10-2008)
Abstract
Saeedeh Saeedi Tehrani, Alireza Parsapour, Bagher Larijani,
Volume 9, Issue 2 (8-2016)
Abstract
Genetic research was initially limited to the screening and diagnosis of known hereditary diseases. After the completion of the Human Genome Project (HGP), studies became concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of many non-communicable diseases threatening the public health. Aside from this, genetic engineering, in its new form, is also concerned with the development of recombinant medications, genetic enhancement, and genetically modified organisms and their applications. The climax of these achievements is the advent of transgenic creatures. These are organisms with a genetic makeup different from their natural one created through biotechnology. Transgenic products have become more popular in recent years, especially in agriculture and livestock sectors. At the same time, genetics and biotechnology are trying to keep pace with modern advancements. Genetic modifications have resulted in larger yields in agriculture and livestock as well as the development of new medications and vaccines. Despite the large profits that genetic engineering and transgenic organisms can bring for us, they may pose dangers in certain fields. Furthermore, there are ethical concerns about the application of these technologies.
The present study attempted to address the ethical issues in new genetic technologies and analyze them with regard to the four principles of bioethics. For this purpose, keywords were first looked up in scientific sources and the data were classified; ethical considerations were then analyzed in the light of the four principles of bioethics.
In the results section first the merits of such products for humanity and their contributions to saving the limited available resources are pointed out; subsequently, potential threats in some fields are addressed, along with considerations about the mass production and consumption of genetically engineered products, autonomy of individuals, the importance of raising awareness about the pros and cons of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), and their labeling. Finally, equity is addressed, and general benefits and harms, costs and effectiveness are discussed.
Amirhossein Mardani, Alireza Parsapour, Ehsan Shamsi Gooshki,
Volume 11, Issue 0 (3-2018)
Abstract
This research reviews the scientific productions of the field of biomedical ethics based on articles published in Iranian scientific journals in Farsi (Persian language). The findings showed that from 2003 to 2017, researchers have published 1238 Persian articles in this field. The average annual growth rate of published articles is 23.17 percent, but this growth has been declining since 2013. The citation rate of articles (0.4 per article) suggests a small impact. Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences and Tehran University of Medical Sciences with the publication of 36% and 33% had the largest share in the publication of articles, respectively. Biomedical ethics research was interdisciplinary and researchers from the medical, nursing, and law sciences played a major role in compiling and publishing them. The topics such as medical ethics, medical education, and Islamic ethics were, repetitive subjects in articles, respectively. Only 22% of these articles referred
directly to funding provided by universities and research centers.
Fezzeh Salimi, Mohammad Bagher Parsapour, Zahra Nikkhah Farkhani,
Volume 15, Issue 1 (3-2022)
Abstract
Corona is a global crisis that has affected government systems. The transition from crisis to crisis requires prudent measures. Governance is a continuous process through which conflicting interests are harmonized and cooperative actions are taken. The latest theory in this concept is good governance, which is doubly important in times of crisis. Good governance is the product of the favorable participation of the three institutions of government, civil society and the private sector. The components of good governance are numerous from the perspective of the World Bank, the United Nations, and thinkers in this field. The National Anti-Corona Headquarters was established by the order of the Supreme Leader and based on the approval of the Supreme National Security Council in March 2020 to take appropriate decisions regarding the treatment of Covid-19 disease, including announcing closures and other restrictive measures in case of violation of health instructions. In this research, with a descriptive-analytical method, an attempt has been made to explain the components of good governance in this period according to the unique legislative approvals in this field, while determining the competence of the mentioned headquarters in regulating. From the authors' point of view, the approvals of the Corona National Headquarters as one of the sub-councils of the Supreme National Security Council are beyond the ordinary law and among the existing components; Efficiency and effectiveness, transparency and accountability and pivotal consensus were recognized.
Mohammad Hossein Eftekhari, Alireza Parsapour, Ayat Ahmadi, Bagher Larijani, Neda Yavari, Ehsan Shamsi Gooshki,
Volume 16, Issue 0 (ویژه نامه کاربست طرح های دو گروه اخلاق و آموزش پزشکی 2023)
Abstract
Defensive medicine is performing actions that have no medical indication and benefit for the patient (positive defensive medicine) or refraining from performing risky actions that have a medical indication and benefit for the patient (negative defensive medicine). These actions are carried out by the physicians with the sole motive of protecting themselves against complaints or tensions such as the protest of the patient or colleagues and usually cause physical, psychological, or economic harm to the patient or the institution that pays the treatment fee, such as insurance organizations. It can have consequences in terms of the quality of care and the efficient use of limited health resources. Factors such as the physician’s concerns about lawsuits and proceedings may lead to defensive behaviors. This study presented suggestions for the management and prevention of such behaviors, including three main categories related to the strategies for the reformation of the patient complaint handling system, social strategies for the management and prevention of defensive medicine, and managerial-organizational strategies. These strategies are based on the findings of a mixed-methods research including an unsystematic review of resources and a qualitative study conducted using semi-structured interviews. The results have been discussed by the Medical Ethics Committee of the Academy of Medical Sciences of Iran.
Farzad Zakian Khoramabadi, Alireza Parsapour, Bagher Larijani, Amirhossein Takian, Ehsan Shamsi Gooshki,
Volume 16, Issue 0 (ویژه نامه کاربست طرح های دو گروه اخلاق و آموزش پزشکی 2023)
Abstract
The right to access health services as a part of fundamental human rights, affected by the conditions and facilities of governments and the international status, has always faced challenges. Despite the clarity of the general policies and upstream documents in the Iranian health system regarding the need to provide immigrants and refugees with health services and Iran’s membership in the relevant conventions, the implementation of the provisions of these documents is not consistent and complete for various reasons, including the inadequacy of laws related to immigrants and refugees and the incorrect implementation of some existing laws. The first draft of the ethical guidelines for providing health services to immigrants was prepared by the research team using the results of a review of relevant documents as well as a qualitative study and finalized according to the opinions of the participants in a panel of experts. In this draft, after explaining the values and ethical principles governing the provision of services to Afghan immigrants, the suggested guidelines and assignments were presented to the main stakeholders involved, including the policymakers and macro planners of the health system, institutions and centers providing health services, professionals and health service providers, professional organizations, civil society activists, media and non-governmental organizations, and medical research and education authorities and researchers.
Leila Masoudiyekta, Ehsan Hassanpour Pazevar , Alireza Parsapour, Ehsan Shamsi Gooshki, Mohammd Jalili, Amirahmad Shojaei,
Volume 18, Issue 1 (3-2025)
Abstract
Moral distress constitutes a significant challenge for healthcare professionals, arising when individuals find themselves unable to act in accordance with their personal and professional values due to both internal and external pressures. Healthcare professionals may face scenarios that prompt them to question the ethical acceptability of their decisions and treatment practices, often feeling powerless in the face of perceived unethical changes. This study sought to explore the experiences of moral distress encountered by emergency medicine physicians and nurses in the emergency department. This study was conducted using qualitative content analysis. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 25 healthcare providers selected via purposive sampling. Data analysis was conducted using MAXQDA 2018 software. The results indicated that the experiences of moral distress among emergency medicine physicians and nurses in the emergency department can be classified into four primary categories including those related to: 1. patient rights, 2. medical staff and colleagues, 3. management, and 4. professionals. Notably, factors such as overcrowding, inadequate staffing, discrepancies between salaries and workloads, and poor management of human and physical resources emerge as significant contributors to moral distress in the emergency department of Imam Khomeini Hospital. To improve patient care quality, it is essential to implement strategies that enhance triage processes, prioritize human resources, align resources with patient needs, monitor patient attendance, and develop a comprehensive protocol for staff.
