Showing 12 results for Saeid
Hossein Dargahi, Reza Safdari, Saeid Asgharian,
Volume 4, Issue 1 (12-2010)
Abstract
The first step in battling against prevention and control of a social phenomenon is to distinguish it completely and clearly. Designing the information system of substance abuse, with the aim of converting data into information and knowledge, consists a great share in prevention and control of addiction, but it is faced with challenges and problems which have unpleasant and inappropriate consequences on consumer abusers. Therefore, this article is written with the purpose of studying the medical ethics challenges of information system of substance abuse.
The present research is a review of studies. The needed information is gathered form Medline, Ovid, Elsevier, Google and Pubmed search engines and also from Police Information and Statistic Centre, Ministry of Health, and Medical Education, Welfare Organization and National drug Studies centre.
Substance abuse information system has several legal and ethical problems that if they occur, abusers will show no zest for receiving any consulting and medical services and also participating in epidemiological studies.
World Health Organization has provided a special framework in eight compasses including respect for human dignity, secrecy and privacy policy, to respond to the health information system.
Before arranging the schedule, designers and programmers of substance abuse information system should provide and codify the rules, regulations and necessary instructions to clarify and determine the legal status, in order to guarantee the secrecy and privacy policy of information.
Saeid Nazari Tavakoli, Nasrin Nejadsarvari,
Volume 5, Issue 7 (29 2013)
Abstract
Confidentiality is one of the oldest principles of the medical profession that impacts on the relationship between physician and patient, the personal interests of patient and physician and consequently social welfare. While emphasizing the necessity of confidentiality, religious teachings consider disclosure of others' secrets a sin that deserves punishment thereafter. Nowadays, medical developments and the invention of new diagnostic and therapeutic procedures as well as the vastness of the informatics world make disclosure of patients' secrets easier than ever. This review article is the result of a descriptive study, and the information was collected using reliable library and internet resources. It will first expound the concepts and principles of confidentiality in medical ethics as well as Islamic ethics, and will then proceed to a comparative review of the similarities and differences in these two sets of ethical views on the issue of confidentiality. In addition to the emphasis of medical ethics and Islamic ethics on the necessity of confidentiality in order to win public trust, both sets of teachings cover two areas of personal and public discretion, while in Islamic ethics, the issue extends to a third from, namely religious confidentiality. This makes Islamic ethics more comprehensive in the sense that based on Islamic teachings, the person who keeps someone's secret will also be rewarded in the Hereafter. Also, in medical ethics, only the behavior of the health staff is evaluated and their moods and motives are not taken into consideration, while Islamic ethics pays attention to human dispositions and therefore confidentiality is more stable and can maintain its efficiency without external supervision.
Soghra Anjarani, Parisa Dahim, Nooshafarin Safadel, Saeid Mahdavi,
Volume 6, Issue 6 (2-2014)
Abstract
Medical laboratory services and its clients are somehow different from services of the other sectors in the health system. Patient’s Rights Charter, published by the Ministry of Health and Medical Education, was comprehensive, but addressing specific aspects of the related areas in medical laboratories could promote the commitment and dedication in laboratory professional services hence, development of the Patient’s Rights Charter in medical diagnostic laboratories was put on the agenda. After a comprehensive review of existing references and resources, a committee was formed consisting of representatives of laboratory associations and experts in this field, and the draft was prepared. Thereafter several meetings and workshops were held and the members of legal organizations, medical ethics experts as well as laboratory stakeholders, technical staff and laboratory directors attended these gatherings where the draft was surveyed and comments were received. The draft underwent some changes and was edited. Finally in August 2012, the charter was approved by the Health Policy Council of the ministry and in October 2012 was officially announced by the health minister.To be consistent with the context of the Patient’s Rights Charter, essentials of this bill have been based on 5 pillars: access to appropriate laboratory services, access to information in a sufficient and effective manner, the right to choose and decide freely, respect for customer privacy and the principles of confidentiality and integrity, and availability of an efficient system for investigating complaints and suggestions.Developing and delivering the bill of rights for health services recipients is one of the foremost matters, but implementation of the provisions of the charter and monitoring of its effectiveness are the most important goals ahead. Therefore, an effective strategy to implement the rights of patients in medical laboratories should be designed and established.
Batool Nehrir, Yaser Saeid, Abbas Ebadi, Mohammad Najafloo, Hadi Khoshab, Hossein Mahmoodi, Akbar Mozafarpoor,
Volume 7, Issue 6 (3-2015)
Abstract
Nowadays, ethics is an important factor that can determine the clinical competency of nurses. The aim of this study was to compare the moral intelligence of nurses in civilian and military hospitals.In this descriptive-comparative study, 315 nurses from hospitals in Tehran and Kerman were recruited by convenience sampling. Lennick & Kiel’s Moral Competency Inventory was used for data collection. The data were analyzed by SPSS software version 17 using descriptive and inferential statistical tests including T- test, ANOVA and Chi-square test.149 study subjects were military nurses and the remaining 166 were civilians. The nurses’ moral intelligence was found to be at an average level. On the other hand, there was a statistically significant difference between the moral intelligence level of civilian and military nurses (P < 0.001).The results showed that the moral intelligence of most nurses in this study was at an average level. It is therefore recommended that health managers pay more attention to this issue and incorporate it into the required courses for their employees especially during service training. Moreover, offering extensive training courses on ethical issues is a solution that should be considered in military hospitals.
Davoud Dehghan, Mohamad Mazidi, Babak Shamshiri, Saeid Rahimiyan, Mohamadreza Taghavi,
Volume 8, Issue 1 (5-2015)
Abstract
Axiology is an important topic of discussion in philosophical schools that deals with aesthetics and ethics. Axiology is related to ethics in its general sense and professional ethics in specific. Today, moral systems are seeking to answer man’s needs in various areas including professional ethics for psychotherapists. In this article, we have examined the axiology of illuminationism as the basis of our view and a major Islamic philosophy in order to draw from it the principles and methods of professional ethics for psychologists and psychotherapists. Sohrawardi, the founder of illuminationism, has offered certain instructions for the purification of ego. The aim of this article is to extract from this axiological system some implications that would be beneficial to psychotherapists. The method used in this research is descriptive-interpretive. Capacity, honesty, justice, benevolence, trustworthiness, commitment, respect for human dignity and secrecy are among the ethical principles of Illuminationism, and if psychotherapists can apply these values, their treatments and therapies will be more effective.
Mojtaba Parsa, Bagher Larijani, Kiarash Aramesh, Saharnaz Nedjat, Akbar Fotouhi, Mir Saeid Yekaninejad, Nedjatollah Ebrahimian,
Volume 9, Issue 6 (3-2017)
Abstract
Informal payments in clinics raise ethical concerns in healthcare delivery. This cross-sectional questioner survey aims to evaluate the prevalence and related factors of informal payment in healthcare system in Iran.
The study was carried out in 2013, prior to the implementation of the government' Health System Reform among physicians with different specialties. The questionnaire were distributed among the participants during the congresses and continuing medical education programs.
In results; of the total specialist physicians, 276 returned the questionnaires. The response rate was 81.17%. and out of 276 returned questionnaires 257 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The prevalence of informal payments, among the physicians who were susceptible to receiving informal payments, was relatively high (63.8%). The physicians who practiced in the private sector, as well as physicians who practiced in Tehran and those who had a positive attitude towards the informal payments, received more informal payments. From the viewpoint of the respondents, the main cause of informal payments was unrealistic/unfair tariffs and the main consequence of informal payments was the rising costs of patient care.
This study showed that, unfortunately, more than half of the participants did not believe or did not decisively consider informal payments as unethical. This confirms the importance of physicians’ education about the unethical practice of informal payments. However, compare to private sectors, more supervision in public sector may be the main cause of less prevalence of informal payments in public hospitals.
In conclusion: Developing ethical guidelines to prevent informal payments as well as more realistic and fair tariffs would help to decrease the incidence of informal payments.
Mohsen Rezaei Aderyani, Saeid Nazari Tavakkoli, Mehrzad Kiani, Mahmood Abbasi, Mohsen Javadi,
Volume 10, Issue 0 (3-2017)
Abstract
Medical ethics is an old science. Some of its issues have historical precedence, and others are modern challenges, and have emerged with advances in technology. One of such historic but newly emerging challenges is "bi’natijeghi-e-pezeshki (futile treatment)", which is defined as the treatment that cannot achieve its goal. This term entered medical literature as "medical futility" in late 1980s. Based on this investigation, it can be concluded that this term should only be used when the desired outcome following medical procedure and the outcome sought by the medical team and patient/family (patient's health) is unlikely to be realized. There are various equivalents for this term in our country (Islamic Republic of Iran), including "bi’fayedegi-e-pezeshki (medical uselessness)", "bi’houdeghi (frivolity) in medicine", and even "inappropriate treatment". The present article aimed to find a suitable Persian equivalent for this concept. The use of interpretations such as "frivolity" or "uselessness" may cause misunderstanding between patient/family and the medical team, and can ruin the trust between patient/family and the medical team. Thus, the best alternative to this English term appears to be "bi’natijeghi-e-pezeshki (futile treatment)".
Saeid Rahaie, Fatemeh Heidari,
Volume 10, Issue 0 (3-2017)
Abstract
Patients with advanced, progressive, non-curable, or hardly cured illnesses, found themselves in a situation where therapeutic measures have no effect in improving their condition and health status and they are gradually pushed toward death. Care provided to the patient, during this period, is known as end-of-life care which include life-sustaining treatments and palliative care. Life- sustaining treatments are such that give patient the chance for living longer but inflict lots of suffering upon the patient. While in palliative care, the patient probably survives for a shorter period, but suffers less. The question is whether the patient can choose between the two methods? Considering the Jurisprudential rule of “the necessity to safeguard human life”, most of the Muslim Jurists believe that the patient cannot rule out the first method (i.e. life- sustaining treatment). This study first examines the evidence of the rule, and explained the viewpoints of the Muslim Jurists about choosing between these caring methods, and proves that, despite accepting the rule, it is limited by the rules of “no hardship“ (la haraj) and “prohibition of detriment”(la zarar) and moreover the rule of “the domination”(saltanat). However, it can be said that, regarding the evidence of rule “the necessity to safeguard human life”, patients who are at this stage are excluded from the subject matter of this rule.
Saeid Nazari Tavakkoli, Mohammadreza Hajiesmaeili , Omidvar Rezaei Mirghaed , Saeedeh Nateghinia,
Volume 12, Issue 0 (3-2019)
Abstract
A study on the adaptability of the patient's admission process with ethical standards has a significant role in reducing the misconduct of the medical staff and increasing the satisfaction of patients. Hence, by the study of the patient's admission process in the Neurosurgery ICU and the identification of its personnel faults; we are going to provide a platform for excellent service to patients. This study is a qualitative study. It had done with the In-depth interviewing with 28 staff of the Neurosurgery ICU of Loghman Hospital during the winter of 1396 (December2017- March 2018). The data is collected and analyzed with triple coding: open, selective, and axial. "The lack of ethical sensitivity to nursing profession and its importance" is a general tag for seven categories of functional status of ICU staff: the use of staff with insufficient professional competence, the impact of staff tastes in professional relationships, irrational expectations, lack of communication skills, the inability to admission new patients and work in other health centers. Accordingly, "the lack of moral sensitivity to the profession and its importance" in the ICU staff is a central phenomenon that results from neglect of the importance of developing transparent processes for various activities in the ICU, as well as the lack of professional training. This will make the ICU staff ignore the implementation of the defined standards, and subsequently the decline in the quality of health care services in ICU.
Saeideh Khojasteh,
Volume 14, Issue 0 (3-2021)
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to investigate the role of faculty members in promoting ethical education in universities. This article has also attempted to provide the faculty members with ethical education (emotional, cognitive, and behavioral dimensions) in the form of practical solutions. This paper includes all available internal and external sources such as books and related articles. The method of data collection has been library. The findings of this study indicate that it is important for faculty members to strive to promote students' moral upbringing while also strengthening their religious beliefs. Therefore, it is concluded that the development of emotional, cognitive and behavioral dimensions promotes ethical training in faculty and students, and they can motivate themselves, develop appropriate jokes in the classroom, and maintain a sense of humor, extreme perfectionism, avoidance of pride and good ethics in the classroom to strive for emotional development. The cognitive dimension of ethical education teaches the effective and related components that the teacher's power of speech and clarity of speech, optimal classroom management, and effective interaction with students are presented as practical solutions. In the behavioral dimension, paying attention to moral freedom, patience and moral openness, and cultivating a spirit of criticism are the most important strategies for developing behavioral dimension.
Saeid Nazari Tavakkoli, Hojjat Azizollahi,
Volume 14, Issue 0 (3-2021)
Abstract
Drug crimes, regardless of the economic consequences, have threatened public and individual health and determined the international community to combat them effectively. Therefore, in the laws in question, confiscation of property is considered as a punishment for criminals of drug crimes; while from a jurisprudential point of view, this punishment has faced challenges. The findings of the present study performed using descriptive-analytical method and based on library sources show that the legislator has accepted the confiscation of property as a punishment for some drug crimes in article 18 of the Law on Medical and Pharmaceutical and Food and Beverage Regulations. According to jurisprudence, although man has the right of ownership over his property and assets, it does not mean he is absolute owner. According to special circumstances and assuming the existence of public interests, this right can be ignored in the form of confiscation of property provided that other deterrents to committing drug offenses are not applicable.
Jalal Saeidpour, Alireza Hajizadeh,
Volume 17, Issue 0 (Supplement of 11th Annual Iranian Congress of Medical Ethics 2024)
Abstract
As one of the countries with the fastest growing aging population, it is predicted that more than 20% of the Iran’s total population will be elderly in 2040. It is important to address ethical considerations in providing healthcare services to aged population. This study aimed to review the evidence related to ethical considerations in providing healthcare services to the elderly in Iran. This study was a scoping review conducted using the six-step protocol of Arksey and O’Malley. The English-language, Persian-language databases and Google Scholar, were searched without time limitation. After selecting studies and extraction the data, the narrative analysis was used to analyze the data. Providing comprehensive healthcare including, preventive, diagnostic, treatment, and rehabilitation services to the elderly needs to be based on humane-Islamic principles and values accepted by society. The most important ethical considerations required are: Maintaining the dignity and eminence of the elderly in all situations, considering ethics in communication with the elderly, ensuring autonomy and independence of the elderly in relevant decision-making, paying attention to the principles of justice and benefit in healthcare interventions, empathy and cheerfulness among healthcare providers, ensuring confidentiality and privacy and protecting information, paying attention to privacy, obtaining informed consent in healthcare centers, paying attention to religious and Islamic rules in caring for the elderly, the responsibility of government and non-government institutions in preventing stigma and discrimination against the elderly, carrying out timely and ethically-based care actions, healthcare providers' adherence to teamwork and scientific and professional behaviors, supporting the elderly as a vulnerable population group in prioritizing health services, preventing conflicts of interest in elderly care, and using safe, affordable, reliable, and evidence-based healthcare services for the elderly. It is necessary to pay attention to the ethical considerations identified in this study in providing healthcare services to the elderly. So, it is recommended that policymakers, managers, and healthcare providers take actions at the levels of the ministry of health, medical universities, and healthcare centers providing services to the elderly to promote humane-Islamic principles and values.
