Farhad Khormaei, Fereshteh Zareie, Mansureh Mahdiyar, Azam Farmani,
Volume 7, Issue 3 (9-2014)
Abstract
Patience is a moral construct and is related to persistence, tolerance, restraint, contentment and transcendence in difficult and unpleasant situations. It can be discussed in the field of medical ethics and is related to many variables. The aim of the present study was to examine the role of patience and its components (transcendence, tolerance, contentment, persistence, and restraint) as moral constructs in predicting hope among university students.The study population of the present study consisted of all of the university students studying at Shiraz University. Three hundred and ninety university students were recruited via cluster sampling. The participants completed the patience scale and hope scale. According to the findings of the Pearson’s correlation test, patience and its components correlated positively and significantly with hope and its subscales (pathway and agency). Moreover, the total patience score effectively predicted the total hope score (β = 0.58, P ≤ 0.001), pathway (β = 0.52, P ≤ 0.001) and agency (β = 0.52, P ≤ 0.001). Transcendence, contentment, and persistence were important predictors of hope and its subscales. It can be concluded that reinforcing patience as one of the most important and valuable moral constructs can increase hope and lead to success. Thus, applying educational strategies of patience in order to curtail despair and promote hope among patients is recommended for clinicians working in the fields of psychology, health and medical ethics.
Seyyed Abdol Rahim Hosseini, Davoud Zareian,
Volume 13, Issue 0 (3-2020)
Abstract
Perhaps, the most appropriate translation proposed for euthanasia is the painless and piteous killing. According to the existence of effective components in committing a crime, it is considered as complicity in murder and the consent of victim does not affect the nature of criminal act and the criminal liability of person depriving the life. One of issues related to this killing which is disagreed is the edict that person who is obliged to save life related to passive type of euthanasia does not perform this killing and there must be difference among its different types and conditions. The primary reasoning of the edicts indicate that duties whether difficulty or not must be done but, according to the rule of negation of difficulty and hardship, obligation to these edicts in cases of hardship is cancelled. The articles of this rule include obligatory duties to disuse. However, from the view of jurists, it is not general that euthanasia corresponds to some juridical sub-principles indicating the permission of suicide in some conditions, although this is criticized and rejected. Two rules of hardship and beneficence are those believed to help prove the hypothesis by attaching to the rule of negation of hardship and difficulty. But, it is clear that it is not so. In feasibility study of this rule with the rule of no harm, they are proved by the murder illegality and the mentioned rules cannot govern the primary reasoning of depriving the life Therefore, euthanasia is not allowed at all.
Halimeh Zarei, Parviz Azodi, Marzieh Mahmoudi, Zahra Sedighi, Faezeh Jahanpour,
Volume 13, Issue 0 (3-2020)
Abstract
Communication skills are recognized as an essential part of nursing services and as they are faced with an extended range of referees, they have to communicate with them in a specific way. This study was performed to determine the communication skills of nursing staff of pediatric wards with their colleagues. This descriptive-analytic study as cross-sectional was performed on 110 nursing staff of pediatric wards from Persian Gulf’s hospital during 2019, in Bushehr, Iran, by using census sampling method. Data collection tool was a communication skills’ questionnaire including demographic part and items for self assessing communication skills of nurses with their colleagues. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were confirmed in previous studies. Data were analyzed by SPSS software using independent t-test, Pearson correlation and one-way ANOVA at the significant level of 0.05. The mean score of professional communication was 54.33 ± 7.26 which was relatively significant. Scores of professional communication were not statistically associated with age, work experience, educational degree, employment status, type of responsibility, interest to job and marital status. The results showed statistically significant relationship between the mean scores of professional relationship with workplace (p <0.013) and shift work (p <0.020). The highest professional communication score was 58.83 in the nursing office and the lowest score was 50.21 in the pediatric emergency department. The Pearson correlation between age and work experience was positive with the mean score of professional communication, and the highest score of professional communication was related to staff working in shift work. According to the findings of the present study, the status of professional communication among nursing staff of pediatric wards was relatively desirable and therefore, based on the results, it is suggested that nursing authorities and planners plan and endeavor to enhance nurses' professional communication.
Nehleh Zarei-Fard, Sedigheh Ebrahimi,
Volume 17, Issue 1 (3-2024)
Abstract
Medical science and ethics form an integral part of medical curricula. Cadaver dissection is the preferred educational tool in the early stages of medical education which provides a suitable opportunity to sow the seeds of medical ethics in the minds of future physicians. This review study aimed to investigate unethical events in the history of dissection and subsequent ethical evolutions in human dissection to highlight the need to uphold the ethical values related to donor bodies in the dissection hall. To find and evaluate related documents, the articles published from 2005 to 2023 were searched in Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Research Gate databases using relevant keywords. The results indicated that in the past, cadaver dissection was performed on the bodies of executed criminals or through illegal methods, and until the early 1960s, the ethical principle of respect for autonomy was overlooked. However, from the 20th century onwards, the use of donated bodies with informed consent became prominent, allowing universities in the 21st century to utilize this resource for education, thereby providing an acceptable solution to fill the ethical gaps in dissection. Clarifying the ethical standards associated with the use of donated bodies is essential for medical students. The human body represents a valuable scientific resource that warrants respectful treatment following established ethical guidelines and laws. Adhering to the highest ethical standards within educational institutions is necessary to ensure donors feel confident in their decisions.
