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Showing 10 results for farahani
Nursing code of ethics in Iran: the report of an action research
Sodabeh Jolaee, Babak Bakhshandeh, Mina Mohammadebrahim, Mozhgan Asgarzadeh, Ali Vasheghanifarahani, Esmael Shariat, Firozeh Alvai Lavasini, Homa Moalemi, Zahra Ghaseminezhad,
Volume 3, Issue 2 (4-2010)
Abstract

Perspectives of doctors, nurses and patients on physicians’ observance of professional ethics
Ali Vasheghani Farahani, Majid Maleki, Reza Golpira, Hooman Bakhshandeh, Mojtaba Parsa, Mahnaz Mayel Afshar, Sima Kashanian Fard, Shiva Khaleghparast, Mohsen Rezaei, Seyed Ahmad Rezaei,
Volume 8, Issue 1 (5-2015)
Abstract

Medical professionalism has recently received attention in Iran, so we aimed to assess it in a single specialty educational hospital.In the present study, we evaluated observation of medical ethics principles from the viewpoints of physicians, nurses and patients. Eight principles of medical ethics were evaluated in these three groups through modified questionnaires containing 43 questions for physicians, 42 questions for nurses, and 25 questions for patients. The mean scores of those principles are as: enhancing professional efficiency (68.7 ± 23), confidentiality (67.9 ± 21), maintaining an appropriate relationship with the patients (61.7 ± 21), improving access to services (59.6 ± 21), distributing limited resources fairly (60.2 ± 25), knowledge production (61.4 ± 23), promotion of trust through management of conflicts of interests (64.8 ± 23), and perform professional responsibilities (59.6 ± 23). There were significant differences in the two parameters of “enhancing professional efficiency” and “confidentiality” between the viewpoints of the patients and the viewpoints of physicians and nurses (P < 0.0001). The difference in “maintaining an appropriate relationship with the patients”, “improving access to services”, and “distributing limited resources fairly” was significant between the viewpoints of the nurses and that of the patients and physicians. The viewpoints of the nurses and patients were significantly different only in “knowledge production”, “promotion of trust through management of conflicts of interest”, and “perform professional responsibilities” (P < 0.0001). With respect to these significant differences, the nurses’ viewpoint regarding “enhancing professional efficiency” may be more dependable due to their more accurate knowledge of the physicians’ performance and more extensive contact with them. This has also resulted in significant differences between nurses and patients or physicians in other principles as well.


Review of the two version of declaration of Helsinki (2013 and 2008): challenges and changes
Fateme Fadaei, Ladan Naz Zahedi, Zahra Farahani, Nazafarin Ghasemzadeh,
Volume 9, Issue 3 (10-2016)
Abstract

The Declaration of Helsinki is one of the most important international documents in medical research ethics on human subjects which has been revised 7 times and the last revision was in 2013. Researchers must be informed of the principle of Helsinki declaration and the latest changes in order to respect the rights of participants in medical research. In this study, the last version of the declaration are compared with the previous version (2008). The evaluation of the changes and challenges of the final revision can be helpful in modification of the ethical codes of our country. The 2013 version included a number of important changes; it has been categorized into more clear and detailed sections. So this version has a better structure and more practical as well. The 2013 version places more emphasis on vulnerable groups and includes a separate section on the compensation and treatment of injuries due to research. The revised version of the Declaration of Helsinki also emphasizes obtaining of the informed consent (even in researches on material or data contained in biobanks) and post-trial access.


Empathy among undergraduate nursing students in Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Mansoureh Ashghali Farahani, Tahmine Salehi, Zahra Arab Ameri, Fatemeh Hajibabaee, Agha Fatemeh Hosseini, Fatemeh Ghaffari,
Volume 9, Issue 4 (10-2016)
Abstract

Empathy is a necessary condition for an effective nursing care. An empathetic relationship between nurse and patients leads to positive treatment outcomes and moral sensitivity among students in clinical and educational environments. This study was conducted in 2014 to determine the level of empathy among nursing students and its relationship with their demographic data. A cross-sectional study (Descriptive analysis) was undertaken using paper-based versions of the Jefferson Scale of nursing Empathy. By using stratified random sampling, 320 undergraduate students from the first to forth-year of their program in Tehran University of Medical Sciences were selected.

The result shows that participants reported good empathy levels, and the average of empathy score was 103 ±11. Empathy scores increased with increasing academic year. There was a significant relationship between sex and empathy. Students who did not passed the effective communication course scored higher than their counterparts. Empathy score increased with age, and older students recorded higher scores than their younger colleagues. Single and employed students recorded higher empathy scores than married and unemployed students.

There were no significant differences between the place of living (dormitory versus personal house), Interest in nursing education as well as their marks.

Regarding the relationship between empathy with students’ academic years, the finding offers insights into the importance of incorporating and promoting empathy in nursing curricula from the first year of training.

In addition, it is necessary to pay more attention to teaching empathy to male students.


Moral Empowerment in Intensive Care Unit Nurses: A Scoping Review
Maryam Kashani, Mansoureh Ashqli Farahani, Fatemeh Golestan,
Volume 17, Issue 0 (Supplement of 11th Annual Iranian Congress of Medical Ethics 2024)
Abstract
The intensive care unit (ICU) environment presents numerous ethical challenges, contributing to significant levels of moral distress among ICU nurses. This distress negatively impacts their well-being and job satisfaction. Recognizing this critical issue, researchers have investigated the potential of moral empowerment programs to alleviate moral distress. This scoping review aimed to systematically synthesize existing literature on these programs and evaluate their efficacy in mitigating moral distress among ICU nurses. A comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus, and CINAHL databases was conducted, utilizing keywords such as "moral empowerment," "moral distress," and "intensive care unit nurses." Fifteen articles meeting predefined inclusion criteria, including publication between 2010 and 2022 and a specific focus on moral empowerment programs for ICU nurses, were selected for analysis. The scoping review revealed that moral empowerment programs demonstrated positive outcomes in reducing moral distress among ICU nurses. These programs, encompassing workshops, case-based discussions, reflective exercises, and role-playing simulations, were designed to enhance moral reasoning, ethical decision-making, and moral resilience. Consistent findings indicated a significant decrease in moral distress among nurses who participated in these programs. Participants reported increased confidence in navigating ethical dilemmas, making sound clinical decisions, and effectively advocating for patients' rights. Moreover, moral empowerment programs fostered a sense of moral agency, empowering nurses to address ethical challenges proactively. Moral distress poses a significant challenge for ICU nurses, impacting their well-being and potentially compromising the quality of patient care. Moral empowerment programs offer a promising approach to mitigating this distress and enhancing ethical decision-making capabilities. The successful implementation of these programs requires a supportive work environment that fosters open dialogue and ethical reflection. Nurse leaders and educators play a crucial role in collaborating with ethics committees to develop and implement tailored interventions, including integrating moral empowerment modules into new nurse orientations and ongoing professional development programs. Continuous support through follow-up sessions, mentoring, and debriefing is essential to sustain the long-term benefits of these programs. Ethical consultation services and interprofessional collaboration further contribute to the ethical well-being of ICU nurses. While this review provides valuable insights, further research is warranted to investigate the long-term effects and broader implications of moral empowerment programs in the ICU setting.

Ethical Challenges in Admission and Resource Allocation for Patients in Need of Rehabilitation Services
Mohammadjavad Hosseinabadi Farahani,
Volume 17, Issue 0 (Supplement of 11th Annual Iranian Congress of Medical Ethics 2024)
Abstract
Ethical challenges and concerns have long been a part of healthcare, primarily focusing on acute care or end-of-life decisions. However, with the growing elderly population and society's emphasis on restoring patients to the highest possible level of functioning, ethical dilemmas in rehabilitation care have garnered increasing attention. Ethical decisions are a routine part of rehabilitation care. While some are straightforward, such as obtaining informed consent for therapeutic and rehabilitation procedures, others are far more complex. Among the most significant challenges are resource allocation and the selection of patients for rehabilitation services. The process of selecting patients for admission to rehabilitation centers is typically carried out by specialist physicians. However, many centers face demand that exceeds their capacity, necessitating difficult decisions about patient prioritization. Although some centers may have clear guidelines, patient selection is often subjective, involving multiple factors such as:
  • Clinical considerations: Diagnosis, prognosis, secondary complications, and learning ability.
  • Non-clinical factors: Social, occupational, personal, and financial circumstances.
This subjectivity in patient selection raises several ethical concerns. The rights, duties, and responsibilities of both patients and physicians must be carefully weighed. The potential for injustice exists when decisions become overly subjective, leading to possible inequities in resource allocation. Balancing the ethical principles of beneficence (acting in the patient’s best interest) and justice (fair distribution of resources) is essential but can be challenging, as these principles may occasionally conflict. To address these issues, members of the rehabilitation team, particularly physicians, must strive to minimize subjectivity in their decisions. Additionally, it is important to implement follow-up mechanisms for patients initially denied admission, ensuring that any changes in their condition are reevaluated. Medical and rehabilitation ethicists should prioritize the development of clear, evidence-based guidelines for patient selection and admission. These guidelines should be made accessible to the rehabilitation team to promote fairness, transparency, and consistency in decision-making, ultimately ensuring that resources are allocated equitably to those in need.

Ethical Considerations in Post-Crisis and Disaster Rehabilitation
Mohammad Javad Hosseinabadi Farahani,
Volume 17, Issue 0 (Supplement of 11th Annual Iranian Congress of Medical Ethics 2024)
Abstract
Rehabilitation in disaster contexts, as part of the overall medical response, faces unique challenges, particularly during the early stages of post-disaster intervention. This is largely due to the relatively new integration of rehabilitation into disaster management. The four principles of bioethics—autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice—are essential considerations in immediate post-disaster relief efforts and in the subsequent long-term rehabilitation processes. This review study involved a purposeful search of reliable databases using predetermined keywords, covering the period from 2000 to 2024. The reviewed studies highlight several ethical dilemmas in delivering rehabilitation services after crises and disasters. These challenges arise due to factors such as:
· Resource limitations,
· Insufficient focus on rehabilitation within health systems,
· Shortages of rehabilitation specialists,
· Inadequate follow-up cares post-discharge,
· Limited awareness of the significance of rehabilitation, and
· Stigma associated with disability.
Despite these challenges, it is critical to uphold the four principles of biomedical ethics even in crisis situations. Adhering to these principles ensures that rehabilitation services align with professional norms, ethical standards, and the medical aspects of the local culture. Furthermore, policies aimed at enhancing the status and importance of rehabilitation immediately after crises and disasters must emphasize the equitable distribution of resources.

Ethical Considerations in Post-Crisis and Disaster Rehabilitation
Mohammad Javad Hosseinabadi Farahani,
Volume 17, Issue 0 (Supplement of 11th Annual Iranian Congress of Medical Ethics 2024)
Abstract
Rehabilitation in disaster contexts, as part of the overall medical response, faces unique challenges, particularly during the early stages of post-disaster intervention. This is largely due to the relatively new integration of rehabilitation into disaster management. The four principles of bioethics—autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice—are essential considerations in immediate post-disaster relief efforts and in the subsequent long-term rehabilitation processes. This review study involved a purposeful search of reliable databases using predetermined keywords, covering the period from 2000 to 2024. The reviewed studies highlight several ethical dilemmas in delivering rehabilitation services after crises and disasters. These challenges arise due to factors such as:
· Resource limitations,
· Insufficient focus on rehabilitation within health systems,
· Shortages of rehabilitation specialists,
· Inadequate follow-up cares post-discharge,
· Limited awareness of the significance of rehabilitation, and
· Stigma associated with disability.
Despite these challenges, it is critical to uphold the four principles of biomedical ethics even in crisis situations. Adhering to these principles ensures that rehabilitation services align with professional norms, ethical standards, and the medical aspects of the local culture. Furthermore, policies aimed at enhancing the status and importance of rehabilitation immediately after crises and disasters must emphasize the equitable distribution of resources.

Moral Sensitivity in Psychiatric Nurses: A Qualitative Content Analysis
Fariba Borhani, Mariye Jenabi Ghods, Ladan Fattah Moghadam, Tahereh Gilvari, Amirreza Rafiei Javazm, Mahshad Naserpour, Mohammad Javad Hosseinabadi ‑farahani,
Volume 17, Issue 0 (Supplement of 11th Annual Iranian Congress of Medical Ethics 2024)
Abstract
Moral sensitivity is a fundamental characteristic of professional ethics in nursing, significantly influencing patient care. This qualitative study aimed to explore the concept of moral sensitivity among psychiatric nurses. The study employed a qualitative approach using content analysis. Participants included 15 psychiatric nurses working at Razi Psychiatric Hospital in Iran, selected through purposive sampling based on defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. After obtaining ethical approval, data were collected through semi-structured, in-depth interviews. The interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and managed using MAXQDA software. Data analysis was conducted following Granheim and Lundman’s five-step method (2004), and the trustworthiness of the findings was ensured using Guba and Lincoln’s criteria. The findings revealed three main categories and six subcategories:
  1. Ethical Knowledge (comprising clinical experience and education, and professional development).
  2. Ethical and Legal Conflicts (including discrepancies between ethical principles and legal frameworks, and challenges in ethical decision-making within complex legal situations).
  3. Ethical Atmosphere (encompassing individual ethics and organizational ethics).
Based on these findings, it is recommended that these insights be integrated into nursing education, research, and management to enhance care for patients with psychiatric disorders.

Home-Based Care Ethical Issues and Solutions: A Review Study
Shima Yadegar Tirandaz, Azam Shirinabadi Farahani,
Volume 17, Issue 0 (Supplement of 11th Annual Iranian Congress of Medical Ethics 2024)
Abstract
In recent decades, care delivery has shifted from hospital settings to community and home-based care due to factors such as an aging population, cost control, patient preferences, and advancements in technology. While home care offers advantages like patient independence and care aligned with individual values, it also presents unique ethical challenges. These challenges arise from the home environment, which may not be designed for medical care, as well as potential conflicts between the values of patients and care providers. This study aims to explore the ethical issues in home-based care and propose solutions. This review was conducted by analyzing original articles from PubMed, Scopus, WOS, and Google Scholar, using the keywords "Home-Based Care" and "Ethical Issues" until November 2024. A total of 10 studies relevant to the study’s focus were included. The studies identified several ethical challenges in home-based care, including: respecting patient autonomy, establishing trust, managing patient resistance to care, balancing autonomy with benevolence, the risk of harm, justice concerns, limited resources, managing patient expectations, decision-making capacity, disagreements on treatment, access to healthcare providers, caregiver roles, maintaining professional relationships, providing truthful information, conflicts between families and patients, self-medication, medication access, sudden changes in condition, care coordination issues, inadequate treatment due to resource limitations, insufficient psychosocial support, life-saving decisions, communication problems, ineffective care, and cultural conflicts. To address these challenges, the following solutions were proposed: respecting patient values, beliefs, and preferences; supporting patient rights in family conflicts; promoting independence; building trust through respectful communication, empathy, and encouragement; ensuring patient dignity; maintaining healthcare workers' moral obligations; avoiding coercion; adhering to legal and ethical principles; facilitating patient participation; reducing caregiver burden; providing adequate resources; and educating and guiding patients and families. Ethical challenges are inherent in home-based care. If not properly identified and managed, these issues can negatively impact the quality of care. Home care organizations and providers must implement ethical strategies to uphold patients' independence and dignity within their home environment.
 

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