Showing 9 results for War
Maryam Abbasi Nejad, Ali Jafariyan, Fariba Asghari, Alireza Parsapoor, Mohammadreza Zafarghandi,
Volume 4, Issue 5 (10-2011)
Abstract
One of the manifestations of patient autonomy in practice is gaining informed consent prior to any invasive procedure. In Iran, the process of obtaining informed consent to surgical procedures is currently limited to the patient signing a consent form that often does not offer specific information on the procedure, and patients are not given adequate time to read the form. In order to improve the present circumstances, authors of this study created information sheets specific to each class of surgical procedure, and performed an evaluation of the effectiveness of these sheets in increasing patient awareness and satisfaction. Handouts containing specialized information on various surgical procedures were distributed among 110 patients hospitalized to undergo elective surgeries in surgical wards 1, 3, 4 and 5 of Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex and surgical ward 3 of Sina Hospital the patients received the handouts prior to procedures, and were free to use the information as they wished. These patients were then interviewed through an oral questionnaire after the procedure and at the closest time possible to their discharge. At a different time, 110 other patients in similar conditions and locality were interviewed after surgical operations and as close to being discharged as possible, but without receiving information sheets. The above-mentioned questionnaire contained essay type questions regarding patients’ information about their medical conditions and the required surgical procedures, and patients were also asked about their level of satisfaction with the information they had received.
The mean score for patients’ overall knowledge in the intervention group was 48.8%, and the same score was 44.6% in the control group. Distribution of specific information on the surgical procedures among the patients in the intervention group did not have a significant effect on their overall knowledge (p = 0.140), and only raised their awareness of the side effects associated with the procedures (p 0.001). Similarly, patient satisfaction levels were 60.2% in the intervention group and 56.4% in the control group, and distribution of information sheets did not affect the overall satisfaction level of patients significantly (p = 0.166), and it only increased their satisfaction with the information they had received regarding their convalescence period after surgery (p = 0.033). Since distribution of specialized information sheets like the ones used in this study generally appears to be inadequate in increasing patient awareness and satisfaction, it is recommended that in the process of obtaining informed consent, physicians dedicate enough time to educate patients on their conditions and their different aspects rather than simply present them with a consent form.
Hamid Hajianpour, Zeinab Karimi,
Volume 8, Issue 6 (3-2016)
Abstract
Women are the epitome of affection and are therefore suited for the caregiver role by nature. In Prophet Muhammad’s era, women entered one of the toughest and perhaps most masculine areas of social life, that is, the battlefield. Prophet Muhammad permitted and endorsed the presence of women in battles, and appointed troops of women to accompany him to war for the purpose of providing nursing and medical care. The importance of this issue lies in recognition of the role of Muslim women in social arenas such as battlefields. This study aims to: a) investigate the medical role and performance of women during wartime in Prophet Muhammad’s era, and b) describe the medical function of women in the Prophet’s battles while introducing some who have been active in this domain.
This was an analytic/descriptive study conducted by collecting note cards from library resources. Our findings showed that women had a significant presence in battles during the early stages of Islam, and as historical evidence confirms, they appeared in the caregiver role by the permission of Prophet Muhammad. Moreover, women’s presence was not due to a shortage of men in the battlefield, but rather because of their abilities in the field of medicine and healthcare, where they succeeded in offering a remarkable performance.
Afrooz Korzebor, Kobra Rashidi, Rezvan Moradi, Shirin Pirzad, Mahdi Birjandi,
Volume 12, Issue 0 (3-2019)
Abstract
Capacity, positive attitude, and proper nurses' function in dealing with death are greatly influenced by their religious beliefs. An important religious variable, the type of internal religious orientation (Implementing religious beliefs in all behaviors and practices) and the external (Using Religious Beliefs to Achieve Material Objectives). The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between religious orientation and nursing students' attitude towards death. The study had a cross-sectional correlational design, where 202 students from all nursing students were selected by random sampling in the academic year of 2017-2018. Data were collected via Allport Religious Orientation Questionnaire and the Standard Scale of Attitude toward Death (DAP-R) which were completed by participants after confirmation of validity and reliability and obtaining written consent from participants. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 18 software and independent t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient. Participants included 51.5% females, the average age was 21.7 years, 89.6% single, 95.5% undergraduates, 53% resident of the dormitory, 94.6% Shiite, and 50.5% had experience of seeing death. The average score of internal religious orientation was higher than that of the outside; and it was the same in both sexes. The difference between the mean score of internal orientation and the active acceptance of death was a positive correlation (P <0.001) and with avoidance of death, it had a significant negative inverse correlation (p= 0.01/0.17); Exterior orientation with fear of death and acceptance by escape had a significant positive correlation (P <0.001); the difference in mean score of both religious orientations was not significant in terms of gender, marital status, and religion (P>0.001). The difference between fear of death and avoidance of death and acceptance by escape based on gender, and in terms of admission or escape, having experience of seeing death, had a meaningful relationship (p=0.01). While there was no significant relationship between attitude toward death and family death experience (P>0.001). Findings show the type of religious orientation of nursing students and its relationship with people’s attitudes toward admission or escape from death; as the effective factor affecting the health of individuals and the quality of providing care for dying patients.
Atefah Roomi, Farkhondeh Jamshidi, Amin Moradi,
Volume 13, Issue 0 (3-2020)
Abstract
Professional ethics is one of the most important topics in medicine that educators or professors play an important role in teaching and measuring it. The present study was designed and conducted to evaluate the observance of professional ethics among surgical assistants of educational hospitals of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences in 2019 by self-assessment method. This study was a cross-sectional study. Each of the assistants completed a standard questionnaire that included the variables required for the study. The sample was selected according to population of surgical assistants in the general and orthopedic departments, who entered the study using census sampling method and were equal to 47 people. Of 47 participants, 29 were assistant general surgeons and 18 were orthopedic surgeons. Observance of professional ethics was acceptable. There was a significant relationship between knowledge and communication skills and assistants in both general and orthopedic departments (P <0.05). There was a significant relationship between professional ethics and assistants in both general and orthopedic departments (P<0.05). Respect for others with a mean of 1.66±6.0, had the highest mean rate. Also, interpersonal and social skills with an average of 2.17±4.48, had the lowest mean. Considering that inclusion of professional ethics in laws and regulations is one of the important and vital factors in growth and development of ethics, institutionalization of professional ethics in strategic plan should be considered by policy makers and structure, training and evaluation of professional ethics be reviewed.
Fariba Asadi, Maryam Donyaei , Mostafa Karimzadeh, Mahdi Heydari,
Volume 14, Issue 0 (3-2021)
Abstract
Applying the principles of professional ethics by nurses creates a suitable social and psychological environment for patients. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of nurses' awareness of the principles of professional ethics and barriers towards its observance in public hospitals in South Khorasan province in 2019.The present study was a cross-sectional study that was performed on 230 nurses in South Khorasan province by multi-stage sampling method. Data collection tools were a checklist of demographic information and a questionnaire about nurses' awareness and barriers of the principles of professional ethics. Data were analyzed by SPSS V.22 software using descriptive and inferential statistics. In this study, the mean ± SD age of participants was 32.34 ± 5.73 years. The mean score of participants' awareness was moderate level and the first obstacle to professional ethics from the perspective of nurses was the environmental domain. The most important obstacles to professional ethics were dissatisfaction from basic needs, unreasonable expectations of patients and their attendants from nursing staff and nursing staff shortages, respectively. Since nurses' awareness of the principles of professional ethics is moderate level, so holding professional ethics workshops, removing environmental barriers, and providing favorable conditions for nurses including improving the conditions of wards and increasing staff and meeting their expectations in the fields Various such as adequate rest, adequate income and planning appropriate shifts are recommended.
Mahmoud Akbari, Mohammadnabi Salim,
Volume 14, Issue 0 (3-2021)
Abstract
One of the most important and influential events in the interaction between Islamic civilization and the West was the Crusades, which lasted for nearly two centuries and extended from Europe to the Levant and Egypt. The main reasons for these wars, apparently, were the religious zeal of the Christians to seize Jerusalem from the Muslims and, in fact, the territorial expansion and influx of the surplus population of Europe to the east. The present study aims to explore the role of the Crusades in the transfer of medicine to Europe. The present research uses a descriptive-analytical method and library resources to explain the process of transferring Islamic and Eastern medical science to the world, affected by religious wars. Referring to texts, honesty and trustworthiness, citation of used texts, avoidance of bias in inference from texts or analyzes have been observed. The results of the research show that during the Crusades, Europeans, observing the scientific progress of Muslims, decided to translate the works of Islamic physicians and transfer them to Europe. This led to the advancement of medical knowledge and the development of health in Europe's Renaissance. Thus, he most important consequence of the Crusades was facilitation of the transfer of the cultural and civilizational foundations of the Islamic world, including the reserves of Islamic and Persian medicine to Europe
Hadi Jalilvand, Mojtaba Abdi, Matineh Pourrahimi, Alireza Jalilvand , Dorsa Tanharo, Negin Vali, Hamed Abbasi Joshaty , Yaghoob Hassan , Somaye Norouzi , Mohaddeseh Alizadeh, Sahar Aghaee,
Volume 14, Issue 0 (3-2021)
Abstract
Human is spiritual dimensions that has legal status in health and disease. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the knowledge of nursing and midwifery students about patient rights in Iran Universities of Medical Sciences teaching hospitals’ in 2017. This study was a descriptive cross-sectional study in 2017 with convenience sampling method. Data was collected by a three-part questionnaire including demographic information, Knowledge about the Patient Rights Charter, and strategies for student information to deal with patient rights. Mann-Whitney and Spearman tests were used for data analysis. A total of 1219 undergraduate students participated in this study. The mean score of students' awareness of the Patient Rights Charter was 13.54±4.45 out of 29 points. 1007 students (82.61%) reported that education about patient right was sufficient. Direct correlation was between patient knowledge awareness score with pre-internship training (r = 0.461) and learning from instructor information (r = 0.512) and there was a negative correlation between self-education (r = -0.151) and other methods of information acquisition (r = -0.067). Given that most students did not consider the educational content taught in the field of patient rights to be effective, it can be concluded that these methods were ineffective and failed to convey the correct information. Therefore, revising of the Patient Rights Curriculum for Nursing and Midwifery students is recommended
Ali Hasan Rahmani, Ms Elahe Banafshe, Atefe Kamrani, Ms Azam Moridi, Ms Zohreh Yeganeh,
Volume 16, Issue 1 (3-2023)
Abstract
A professional and educated midwifery workforce is essential to provide high-quality maternal and newborn care. Midwives’ awareness and knowledge of professional rules and regulations would be necessary for correct practice. Accordingly, this study aimed to investigate midwives’ awareness and knowledge of the professional rules and regulations in Iran. In this systematic review study, the PICO guidelines were used to find the relevant articles through searching MeSH terms in Irandoc, SID, Scopus, EMBASE, Cochrane, Magiran, and PubMed databases up to September 7, 2023. The JBI checklist was used to assess the quality of the articles. This systematic review investigated 14 cross-sectional studies with a total of 2161 participants. The results demonstrated that midwives in Iran do not have a satisfactory level of awareness and knowledge about the professional rules and regulations. Based on the results, much more focus is required to enhance the awareness and knowledge of midwives about the professional rules and regulations. The results of this study can be used for developing educational programs on midwifery professional rules and regulations as a necessity for providing high-quality maternal and newborn care
Fatemeh Roudi, Hedayat Jafari, Mohammadreza Jalilfar, Seyed Mohammad Mirshafiei, Seyed Tohid Hoseini, Soodabeh Eslami,
Volume 17, Issue 0 (12-2024)
Abstract
Nurses are critical healthcare providers during global crises, particularly in situations of armed conflict and war, where they face unique and often overwhelming ethical challenges. These professionals are tasked with making immediate and difficult decisions under extreme conditions. This study aims to thoroughly examine the ethical challenges encountered by nurses during global crises, with a particular focus on armed conflicts and wars. This systematic review analyzed articles sourced from PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Magiran, and Google Scholar databases, using the following search terms: "nursing ethics," "war," "global crises," "ethical considerations in nursing during war," and "nursing ethics in armed conflicts." Following a thorough review and filtering process based on the study's objectives, seven articles were selected for inclusion. The findings highlight several ethical challenges faced by nurses during wartime. These challenges include: allocating limited resources under dire circumstances, providing care to both combatants and civilians without bias, maintaining patient confidentiality while cooperating with military authorities, and delivering care in hazardous and unpredictable environments. The ethical issues nurses encounter in global crises, particularly in war, include: 1) the tension between professional duty and political or military affiliations, 2) the ethical dilemma of allocating scarce resources in critical conditions, 3) the decision of which patients should be prioritized for treatment, and 4) the significant risks to life involved in providing care in conflict zones. Nursing care during global crises, especially in wartime, presents profound ethical dilemmas that demand rapid and sound decision-making. Adequate training in nursing ethics tailored to wartime conditions, as well as robust support for nurses in these high-pressure environments, are critical to addressing these challenges effectively.
