M Hashemi Shahri, A Fallah Ghajary, A Ansari Moghaddam, F Khadem Sameni, F Fayyaz Jahani, E Ahmadnezhad,
Volume 7, Issue 4 (16 2012)
Abstract
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Background & Objectives: Tuberculosis (TB) is an important issue which its
control is still unsatisfactory at global level. Traditional diagnostic
techniques for active TB diagnosis are inadequate: the diagnostic gold standard
is the cultural exam which suffers from lengthy processing and requires highly
specialized laboratories. Nowadays more specific tests have been recommended.
The aim of this study is to evaluate the performance of Quanti FERON-TB
(QFT)Gold In Tube-Test as a substitute for specific test tuberculin skin test
for diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection in high risk groups.
Methods: One hundred thirty four (134) individuals who worked in Bo-Ali hospital
(Zahedan) enrolled in this study. They had no active tuberculosis. TST and QFT
tests were performed. The cut-off point of TST was considered based on 15 (mm)
or more indurations as positive. The result of QFT was evaluated by
manufactured guidelines. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify
the putative risk factors of positive tests.
Results: Proportion of employees with latent TB were 111(82.8%) were positive by
either TST or QFT, and 76(56.7%) were positive by both tests. Agreement between
the tests was high (73.8%, k=0.39 95%CI:
0.21-0.44).
Positive family history of Tuberculosis was significant risk factor for both
positive tests.
Conclusion: This study showed high latent tuberculosis infection
prevalence in hospital workers and high agreement between TST and QFT. Decision
to select one of the tests will be depended on the population, purpose of study
and availability of resources. The results revealed that the QFT can be
appropriate alternative test for high risk group.
Ali Jafari-Khounigh, Morteza Haghighi, Alireza Razzaghi, Shahram Habibzadeh, Seyed Taghi Heydari, Rasoul Entezarmahdi, Dr. Alireza Ansari Moghaddam, Hamid Sharifi, Mostafa Farahbakhsh, Mahdi Rezaei, Mina Golestani, Ehsan Sarbazi, Naser Nasiri, Homayoun Sadeghi-Bazargani,
Volume 19, Issue 3 (Vol.19, No.3, Autumn 2023)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Masks play a crucial role in preventing and controlling viral epidemics transmitted predominantly through the air. This study aimed to develop and validate a tool to measure people’s attitudes and behaviors related to mask usage during highly contagious viral epidemics.
Methods: In this psychometric study, the initial questionnaire was developed and face validity and content validity were assessed by 17 experts and three lay experts. Reliability was evaluated through internal consistency using Cronbach’s alpha and test-retest reliability using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). Construct validity was measured using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) with the principal component extraction method and Varimax rotation.
Results: Based on a review of previous studies, an initial 27-item questionnaire was crafted. During the face validity stage, two items were excluded. Through calculating the Content Validity Ratio (CVR) and the Content Validity Index (CVI), three and one items respectively removed. The average scale level content validity index (S-CVI/Ave) was 0.95. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was found to be 0.76 for attitude and 0.66 for practice sections; the ICC was equal to 0.873. EFA revealed two factors explaining 63.98% of the total variance.
Conclusion: This questionnaire demonstrated sound reliability and validity in Persian, providing an effective means to assess attitude and behavior related to mask usage during highly contagious viral epidemics. It stands as a valuable tool for use in Iran and other countries.
