Showing 3 results for Arazi
L Koochmeshgi, T Hosseinzadeh Nik , Mj Kharazi Fard ,
Volume 3, Issue 3 (18 2008)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Malocclusion is not a disease but rather a set of dental deviations, which in some cases can influence quality of life. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of various dento–facial anomalies.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study in 2006 we assessed a sample of 600 randomly selected schoolchildren, with a mean age of 11.97 years, who were attending secondary school in various districts of Karaj. We used questionnaires to obtain information on extracted teeth, crowding, spacing, diastem, the severest disorders in anteriors (maxilla and mandible), overjet, negative overjet, open space between two jaws and antero-posterior molar relationship.
Results: Ninety-nine percent of children had no extracted teeth in maxillary anteriors, while 98.3% had no extracted teeth in mandibular anteriors. In 41.2% of the subjects there was no crowding, and 57.7% of the sample had no spacing. The mean diastem was 0.36 mm and the mean of the most severe disorders in anteriors was 1.08 mm in the maxilla and 0.78 mm in the mandible. Mean overjet was 1.98 mm, mean negative overjet 0.03 mm, and mean open space between two jaws was 0.28 mm. In 58.5% of the subjects the antero–posterior molar relationship was normal. The DIA ranged form 13 to 63, with a mean of 24.12.
Conclusions: This study indicates that over than one-third of the population needs different degrees of orthodontic treatment.
M Cheharazi, M Shamsipour, M Norouzi, F Jafari, F Ramazan Ali,
Volume 8, Issue 2 (20 2012)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: One of the problems of diagnostic accuracy studies is
verification bias. It occurs when standard test performed only for
non-representative subsample of study subjects that diagnostic test done for
them. In this study we extend a Bayesian method to correct this bias.
Methods: Patients
that have had at least twice repeated failures in cycles IVF ICSI were included
in this model. Patients were screened by using an ultrasonography and those
with polyps recommended for hysteroscopy. A logistic regression with binomial
outcome fit to predict the missing values (false and true negative),
sensitivity and specificity. Bayesian methods was applied with informative
prior on polyp prevalence. False and true negatives were estimated in Bayesian
framework.
Results: A
total of 238 patients were screened and 47 had polyps. Those with polyps are
strongly recommended to undergo hysteroscopy, 47/47 decided to have a
hysteroscopy and 37/47 were confirmed to have polyps. None of the 191 patients
with no polyps in ultrasonography had hysteroscopy. The false negative was
obtained 14 and true negative 177, so sensitivity and specificity was estimated
easily after estimating missing data. Sensitivity and specificity were equal to
74% and 94% respectively.
Conclusion: Bayesian analyses with
informative prior seem to be powerful tools in simulation experimental
H Arazi, A Salehi,
Volume 9, Issue 3 (2-2014)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: There have been several reports showing that the rate of anabolic-androgenic steroids abuse has increased in athlete and non-athlete adolescents. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess, attitude and awareness of side-effects of these drugs in male bodybuilders.
Methods: 227 bodybuilders completed a tridimensional questionnaire that investigated demographic information, prevalence of anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) and attitude towards steroids abuse.
Results: Forty percent of participants (40.1%) of bodybuilders had used anabolic-androgenic steroids at least one time. The main reasons for taking this medication were strength, muscle mass, speed and endurance, respectively and 7.73% did not know the reason of using it. 32.6% of bodybuilders believed that anabolic steroids increased muscle size without exercise and without proper exercise and nutrition. The mean score of awareness and attitude of athletes who used these drugs were significantly higher than the athletes who did notuse (P=0.001). Athletes with Championship history were more aware regard to adverse effects of steroids than athletes with no history of championship.
Conclusion: The findings of this indicating that that abusing AAS seems to be increased and become a public health concern that implies the need to implement educational programs by health care professionals and sport specialists.
