Showing 4 results for Azin
Sa Azin, A Shahidzadeh Mahani , M Abadi, S Omidvari, A Montazeri,
Volume 4, Issue 2 (20 2008)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Self-poisoning is one of the oldest and most common forms of self-harm and a frequent incident of referring to hospital poisoning wards. Especially for cases involving suicidal intention, incidence and secular trends are closely related to the types of drugs and substances available.
Methods: This research was conducted in 2004 to examine the epidemiology of attempted suicide by poisoning and the total case load of hospital poisoning wards. The study involved 723 poisoning cases in major referral hospitals located in cities of Tehran, Shiraz, Tabriz, Kermanshah, Mashad, and Esfahan.
Results: Seventy-six percent of the cases were identified as suicide attempts the most common substances used for this purpose were medications (80.9%), chemical poisons (10.7%), psychotropic substances (5.1%), and other chemicals such as detergents and bleaching agents (3.2%). Notably, about a third of the cases were due to benzodiazepine ingestion. The most common cause of accidental poisoning was psychotropic substance overdose (44.2%), predominantly opioids.
Conclusions: Considering the prevalent use of medications and psychotropic agents in suicide attempts and the relatively high proportion of suicide cases in hospital poisoning wards indicating strategies for primary, secondary and tertiary prevention of this common and urgent problem.
Sa Azin,
Volume 6, Issue 2 (22 2010)
Abstract
Rapid changes in epidemiologic features of infectious diseases have made it an inevitable need for health professionals to have access to the information about the latest situation of these illnesses. The WHO reports based on data from around the world can provide valuable intensive information. Based on the 2008 report on AIDS the global percentage of adults living with HIV since the year 2000 has been stabilized the rate of new cases is increasing in many countries, but in a global view, this desired trend is overshadowed by the surging trend in other countries. In the recent decade, the annual mortality of AIDS has been diminished. In 2007, 68% of the patients still live in Sub-Saharan African countries and 75% of mortalities have been attributed to this region. This report, besides referring to significant achievements in controlling AIDS, still declares some worries in some aspects. There are some documents showing that more attention must be paid to some issues in our country: First, an “All aspects” approach for prevention of new cases and second, acceptance of the “harm reduction” concept in relation to sexual high risk behaviors likewise accepted in drug abuse, and therefore revising methods and coverage of sexual training.
Mohammad Sasanipour, Saeedeh Shahbazin,
Volume 19, Issue 1 (Vol.19, No.1, Spring 2023)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: This research aims to investigate the components of Rowe and Kahn's successful aging model, encompassing the absence of disease and disability, high cognitive and physical performance, and active participation in life among the elderly population in Tehran in 2020, considering both genders.
Methods: This study utilized a survey approach, involving a sample of 637 individuals aged 60 years and above in Tehran. The sample was selected using a multi-stage cluster sampling method from 22 districts of Tehran, considering the elderly population in each district. Confirmatory structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed to assess whether Rowe and Kahn's model aligns with the collected data.
Results: The study's findings demonstrated that Rowe and Kahn's model exhibited a strong statistical fit (p<0.01). Factor loadings in the overall population model and among the two genders were statistically significant and varied. Across the three dimensions of successful aging (avoiding disease and disability, maintaining physical and cognitive functioning, and continuing engagement with life), avoiding disease and disability was the most strongly associated with successful aging, regardless of gender. However, in the other two dimensions, the significance and strength of participation in life and physical and cognitive function varied based on gender.
Conclusion: Programs to support the physical health of the elderly, especially in chronic diseases resulting from lifestyle choice should be developed, and increasing active participation should be a priority, which requires interventions in youth and middle age.
Fatemeh Rangraz Jeddi, Ehsan Nabovati, Afsaneh Vazin, Azar Houshmand, Reza Abbasi,
Volume 19, Issue 1 (Vol.19, No.1, Spring 2023)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Antibiotics are extensively utilized and constitute a significant portion of hospital drug expenses, posing challenges due to their overuse. Among hospital wards, the intensive care unit (ICU) is a major consumer of antibiotics. This study aimed to assess the antibiotic prescription rates within the ICU wards of Namazi Hospital in Shiraz.
Methods: We retrieved and analyzed electronic prescriptions from all 16 ICU wards at Namazi Hospital in 2020. The data were collected using a checklist that included patient demographics, prescription date, and the number of prescribed antibiotics. The relationship between antibiotic groups and patient demographics was assessed using Chi-square test.
Results: Out of 381,003 electronic prescriptions, 67,002 (17.6%) included at least one antibiotic. Additionally, 5,056 patients (98.9%) received antibiotics. Analysis of the prescriptions revealed that most antibiotics were prescribed for male patients and those under 15 years old (P<0.05). Patients admitted during the winter also received the highest rate of antibiotics (P<0.05). The most commonly prescribed antibiotic groups were beta-lactam and chloramphenicols (32.89%), cephalosporins (19.28%), and glycopeptides (18%).
Conclusion: While less than one-fifth of prescriptions included antibiotics, nearly all patients received them. It is advisable for future studies to evaluate antibiotic prescribing based on prescriptions to provide hospital managers with more precise statistics, enabling appropriate actions for antibiotic stewardship.
