Ab Mohammadian Hafshejani, H Baradaran, N Sarrafzadegan, M Asadi Lari, A Ramezani, Sh Hosseini, F Allahbakhshi Hafshejani,
Volume 8, Issue 2 (20 2012)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Despite decreasing the trend of coronary artery
diseases in developed countries and outstanding improvements in clinical
management of these patients, case fatality rate after an acute myocardial
infarction (AMI) remains high in both genders. Identifying predicting factors
of short-term survival in patients with AMI may play an important role in
reducing mortality in these patients.
Methods: In
this cohort study, all patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) admitted
to all hospitals in Isfahan, Iran, during 2000-2008 which registered in Isfahan
cardiovascular research Institute were analyzed. We used Cox regression models,
uni- and multi-variable analysis.
Results: Within
the study period, 8800 AMI patients (73.6% male) were admitted with mean age of
61.85±12.5, and overall 28-day survival of 90.5%. Relative risk (RR) of death
for 50-70 years old patients was 2.5 (CI:2-3.1), for over 70 years old RR=5
(CI:4-6.3), for women RR=1.7 (CI:1.5-1.9), for patients who had not received
streptokinase RR=0.9 (CI:0.8-1.1), for inferior MI RR=4.2 (CI:2.2-7.8) and for
anterior MI, RR was equal to 7.2 (CI:4-13.3).
Conclusion: Recognizing
the predicting factors of short-term survival of AMI patients may help health
professionals to provide better healthcare services for more at risk patients,
i.e. elderly, women and patients with an anterior MI.
Z Baradaran Seyed , L Pishraft Sabet , Mh Fallah Mehrabadi ,
Volume 15, Issue 1 (Vol.15, No.1 2019)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses are particularly important due to huge economic consequences and public health concerns. During recent years, because of the severity of epidemics and failure in the control and eradication of HPAI, vaccination has been introduced into the National Prevention and Control Program of some countries, including Iran. This article discusses the role of vaccination in the control of HPAI, the characteristics and constraints of the vaccine, types of commercial vaccines, and previous experiences.
Methods: Scientific databases were searched to collect essential evidence on the role of vaccination in controlling HPAI in a variety of poultry and birds with no time and language restrictions. The articles related to the efficacy and effectiveness of the commercial vaccines on at a national level or population-based studies in some farms were included in present study.
Results: Because of the high pathogenicity and variability of the influenza virus as well as the shortcomings of some commercial vaccines in prevention of virus transmission, vaccination should only be taken into consideration when all other methods of disease control are ineffective. The consequences of the use of vaccines containing the seeds non-antigenically matched with the circulating strains have been reported frequently.
Conclusion: In the national vaccination program, informed policymaking requires evidence based vaccinology that can facilitate development of the national infrastructure with awareness of the limitations of commercial vaccines and the realistic expectations of logistic, financial, and human resources.
