Showing 8 results for Danesh
N Abdolahi, Aa Keshtkar, Sh Semnani, Ghr Roshandel, S Beshrat, Hr Joshaghani, A Moradi, Kh Kalavi, S Beshrat, A Jabbari, Mj Kabir, A Hosseini, M Sedaghat, A Danesh, D Roshandel,
Volume 2, Issue 3 (24 2006)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: To determine the prevalence of HBV infection in the Golestan Province (southeastern part of the Caspian littoral, Iran).
Methods: A single cluster study was conducted in 2005, based on a sample of households, representative of the population aged 25-65 years in Golestan. All participants were invited for face-to-face interviews to gather demographic data. Blood samples were drawn and analyzed for serum markers of HBV infection such as HBsAg and HBcAb by the ELISA method. Factors associated with hepatitis B seroprevalence were analyzed using SPSS13 and STATA /8.
Results: A total of 1850 subjects were screened. The age- & sex-standardized prevalence for HBsAg positivity was 9.7% (95%CI=0.07-0.11). Rates were higher in males than in females (10.8% vs. 8.6%) (OR=1.28 95% CI=0.9-1.7). HBV seroprevalence in unmarried individuals was significantly higher than in those who were married (OR=2.13 95%CI=1.29-3.5). HBsAg(+) status was more frequent in urban areas (OR=1.46 95% CI=0.9-2.3). Thirty-six percent of population was HBcAb positive. HBcAb(+) prevalence was significantly higher in females (OR=1.46 95% CI=1.19-1.8) and married people (OR=1.58 95%CI=1.02-2.45), and also in urban areas (OR=1.34 95% CI=1.09-1.6).
Conclusions: This study shows that the prevalence of HBsAg(+) status in the Iranian province of Golestan is at a level regarded as "high" by the World Health Organization. It is higher than reported by pervious studies in Iran so it is important- especially for health providers and policy makers- to recognize risk factors and design appropriate prevention programs.
S Dabiran, M Daneshvar Fard, Z Hatmi,
Volume 5, Issue 3 (20 2009)
Abstract
Background & Objective: A growing body of literature suggests that healthy and well-nourished women can safely participate in most forms of physical activity during pregnancy. The objective of this study was to determine the performance of pregnant women about exercise during pregnancy in Tehran.
Methods: we performed an analytical cross-sectional study on 400 pregnant women referred to prenatal care units in Imam Khomeini hospital. Information was obtained through a questionnaire designed to measure practice. Data analysis was performed by the Spss v 13.5 software package. We calculated means and standard deviation for practice in terms of independent variable and applied ANOVA test and regression model for detection of association between variables.
Results: The mean of practice scale was (14.23+/- 1.76). We observed significant association between performance of pregnant women regarding exercise and their occupation, education status and education status of their husbands (P<0.001).Education status of husbands had a significant predictive effect in regression model (p<0.001).
Conclusions: It seems that the majority of pregnant women, who exercise during pregnancy, do not follow the principles correctly therefore their performance is not adequate almost in all domains.
K Holakouie Naieni, A Ostovar, A Danesh, S Sadjedinejad, L Ghalichee, Gh Moradi, Ma Mansournia, Ss Hashemi Nazari,
Volume 6, Issue 2 (22 2010)
Abstract
Background and objective: The nested case-control study has become popular as an efficient alternative to the full-cohort design. This study compares the results of a nested case-control analysis approach with the full cohort analysis.
Methods: A cohort of 276 subjects (new cases from a TB registry) was used for this study. Cox Regression model was used for the full cohort analysis. In order to do the nested case-control analysis, for each death, three random controls were selected from those who did not suffer from the outcome at the time of the outcome took place. Case control data was analyzed by the conditional logistic regression model.
Results: Results from both cohort and nested case-control analyses show that treatment group is the only variable that affects on the outcome. Gender, place of residence, and age has no effect on the outcome. For binary exposure variables with trivial effects (e.g. Gender and place of residence), the relative efficiency of nested case-control study design is approximately 75%.
Conclusion: Results of this study show that nested case-control study is not only an easy and cost-effective method for data analysis but also is as robust as cohort analysis in rate ratio and its variance estimation.
N Hosseinzadeh, Y Mehrabi, Ms Daneshpour, H Alavi Majd, F Azizi,
Volume 8, Issue 1 (20 2012)
Abstract
Background
& Objectives: Studying
several linked markers provides more information on locating disease genes
locus by using genetic association analysis.
The aims of this study were to introduce Multimarker Family Base Association
Tests (FBAT-MM) and its Linear Combination (FBAT-LC) in multimarker genetic
association analysis and to examine the association of selected microsatellites
with HDL-C in an Iranian population.
Methods: One hundred twenty five (125)
families having at least one member with metabolic syndrome and at least two
members with low HDL-C were selected from participants of the Tehran Lipid and
Glucose Study (TLGS). Multimarker genetic association of HDL-C level with some
microsatellites in the chromosomes 8, 11, 12, and 16 were examined using
FBAT-MM and FBAT-LC methods.
Results: The families consisted of 563
individuals (269 males and 294 females). FBAT-MM showed significant genetic
association only between HDL-C and three microsatellites in Chromosome 11 (P<0.05).
The microsatellite D11S1304 was found as the significant factor for multimarker
genetic association.
Conclusion:
FBAT-MM and FBAT-LC did not show shortcomings such as excessive conservatism
and low power which are, usually, observed in other multimarker methods. Finding microsatellites associated with HDL-C
level can provide background for further researches on the role of predisposing
genes in metabolic syndrome.
Normal
S Daneshi, Aa Haghdoost, Mr Baneshi, F Zolala,
Volume 10, Issue 3 (Vol 10, No.3 2014)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: After an earthquake, casualty information is needed for planning and providing health care. However, developing countries do not have an efficient health information system even in normal conditions. In these countries, health information systems become worse in critical conditions. The aim of this study was to estimate the number of mortalities, limb amputations, and spinal cord injuries after the Bam earthquake.
Methods: In this cross sectional study, the network scale up method was used to estimate the number of casualties. We selected 80 residents of Bam and asked them whether they knew any one with spinal cord injury or limb amputation in three houses on the right and three houses on the left.
Results: The total estimated number of deaths was 54,041 in the earthquake. The number of people with spinal cord injury and limb amputation was 622 and 519, respectively.
Conclusion: For tertiary prevention measures and better resource allocation, an accurate health information system is needed. In the absence of such a system, there are limitations in using direct methods. It sounds that the network scale up method is an appropriate method for estimating such casualties.
S Masoudi, F Pourdanesh, A Biglarian, M Rahgozar,
Volume 11, Issue 4 (Vol 11, No.4, Winter 2016 2016)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze the risks of local recurrence, second primary tumor, and metastasis in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients and to present their prognosis after treatment.
Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, 147 patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) who were older than 40 years were included using the data of 1973–2010 Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program in the United States. The variables included gender, race, stage, histologic grade, tumor site, treatment modalities, and dates of diagnosis and death. Markov Multistate model was used for analysis.
Results: At a median follow-up of 33 months, local recurrence, second primary tumor, and distant metastasis rates were 34.01%, 85.03%, and 17.01% respectively and 40.13% of the patients died. Patients with cervical lymph nodes were at risk of second primary tumor 1.37 (1.05-2.05) times higher than early stage patients and were 2.33 (1.29-4.18) times more likely to die. After one year, the risk of death for patients with local recurrence or second primary tumor was almost similar but after 5 years, the risk of death was higher for local recurrence than second primary tumor.
Conclusion: Awareness of the next state and its time with respect to the patient’s clinical status can be one of the appropriate methods for timely diagnosis and treatment to reduce the mortality rate of OSCC patients.
H Choobineh, Gh Danesh, N Mansouri, M Najafi Majareh , F Shahbazi, Ss Hashemi Nazari ,
Volume 16, Issue 2 (Vol 16, No.2 2020)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the status of HSE indices in a number of organizations affiliated with Tehran Municipality.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the study population included all organizations affiliated with Tehran Municipality HSE performance was assessed through an 18-item checklist. The content validity of this checklist was examined by obtaining the opinions of experts in the field. The data of this study were analyzed using the SPSS software version 22.
Results: The results of this study showed that three organizations, namely Suburbs Bus Company, Urban Planning Organization, and Terminals and Parks Organization had the best HSE performance with indexes of 63.6%, 57.485 and 52.59%, respectively. Among the 18 items of HSE performance, the HSE policy had the highest score (68.6%).
Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, the value of the HSE index was not complete in any of the fields. The results of this study showed that although the foundation of the HSE system was implemented in many units of Tehran Municipality, it is still a long way before the desired point is reached. Therefore, it is necessary to formulate and implement appropriate action plans and to evaluate the effectiveness of control measures to improve the HSE indicators.
Hamid Choobineh, Zeinab Parisay, Fatemeh Shahbazi, Gazaleh Danesh, Mahdi Nasri, Sayed-Saeed Hashemi-Nazari,
Volume 18, Issue 2 (Vol.18, No.2, Summer 2022 2022)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Human resources are the center of sustainable development in advanced management. Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) is a system that consistently and by means of human resources, facilities and equipment and tries to create a healthy, pleasant, fresh environment away from accident, damage and waste. This study was conducted to assess the health performance, Safety and Environmental Indicators (HSE) in the field of human resources development of Tehran Municipality.
Methods: This study was conducted as a descriptive cross-sectional and, the study base was all 22 districts of Tehran municipality. After designing and validating of HSE performance evaluation protocol, HSE status was evaluated in 22 districts of Tehran. The aforementioned protocol contained seven sections: leadership and commitment, policy and strategic goals, organization and documentation, risk management, planning, implementation and monitoring, audit and review). Its validity and reliability were determined by obtaining corrective opinions from specialists and experts inside and outside the municipal organization.
Results: In most areas of Tehran municipality, the inter-organizational communication index was the highest score. The highest score (68%) is related to this index. The mean overall score for performance evaluation was 46.6.
Conclusion: The HSE situation was undesirable (less than 70%) in more than half of Tehran's municipalities. Regions 4 and 7 were in desirable status (above 70%). Thus, for current situation improvement, we should use long-term strategy planning in the field of HSE.
