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Showing 4 results for Esmaeili
The Survey of Salmonella Infection in Pet Reptiles in Tehran and the Associated Risk Factors in Their Owners
N Tamimi, A Rostami, K Majidzadeh, A Bahonar, H Esmaeili, S Niazi Shahraki ,
Volume 10, Issue 2 (Vol 10, No 2 2014)
Abstract

Background & Objectives: Keeping various species of reptiles as pets has become popular in Iran alongside other parts of the world. On the other hand, Salmonellosis is one of the most important zoonotic diseases and reptiles have been known as reservoirs of Salmonella. Therefore, this study was designed to assess Salmonella infection in reptile pets of Tehran.

Methods: Fecal samples were collected and cultured for Salmonella isolation from 270 reptiles referred to the specialized veterinary clinics in Tehran. Statistical analysis was conducted on the data.

Results: Salmonella was cultivated from 142 samples (52.6%). Salmonella isolates belonged to a variety of serogroups however, more than half of them belonged to serogroups B and C. Most tested reptiles were healthy and most owners were unaware of the risk of Salmonella. Possible contact of these animals with immune-compromised people was recorded in many cases.

Conclusion: The results of this study revealed that considering the fact that reptile pets are becoming more popular in Iran, educating reptile owners who are mostly unaware of the reptile’s safe keeping methods is a necessity. Finally, more studies are suggested to further investigate the role of reptiles in the epidemiology of human salmonellosis in Iran.


Epidemiology and Clinical Characteristics of Social Anxiety Disorder in Students in Kermanshah, Iran
N , M Farajollahi, Z Esmaeili,
Volume 13, Issue 1 (Vol 13, No 1, Spring 2017)
Abstract

Background and Objectives: One of the most common anxiety disorders in children is social anxiety disorder (SAD). The purpose of the present study was to investigate the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of social anxiety disorder in students in Kermanshah, Iran.

Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional study. The statistical population was all school students aged 13-17 years old in the secondary schools of Kermanshah. According to Krejcie and Morgan Table and multi-stage cluster sampling, 760 students were selected who completed a questionnaire on demographic variables as well as the Social Anxiety Scales for Children and Adolescents (SAS-CA). The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square test, and logistic regression analysis with the SPSS-19 software. P values≤0.05 were considered significant.

Results: The results showed that the prevalence of social anxiety disorder in the whole population was 80.18%. The prevalence was higher in female students than male students. The severity of social anxiety disorder was moderate in 12.25%, severe in 4.90%, and very severe in 1.70% of the students. Parental education, parental occupation, number of family members, average household income, and family history of psychiatric disorders had a significant relationship with the prevalence of SAD in students (P<0.05) but this relationship was not significant for the mode of delivery (P>0.05).

Conclusion: This study shows that the prevalence of social anxiety disorder is significantly high among middle school students. Therefore, it is important to consider early anxiety prevention/intervention programs, especially for children in this age group.


Prevalence, Attitude and Tendency Toward Use of Performance-enhancing Supplements in Athletes in North Khorasan Province
H Taherichadorneshin, Mr Esmaeili, M Farahi , M Tavakoli,
Volume 15, Issue 3 (Vol.15, No.3 2019)
Abstract
 
Background and Objectives: Nowadays, despite several global initiatives, the use of doping agents has become a problem in athletic societies. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to investigate the prevalence, attitude and tendency toward the use of performance-enhancing supplements among athletes in North Khorasan Province.
 
Methods: The statistical population of this cross-sectional, descriptive-analytical study was all athletes of North Khorasan Province. Demographic characteristics and data related to doping agents were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire. The validity of the questionnaire was approved by doping experts and its reliability was calculated by Cronbach's alpha. The questionnaires were then distributed using stratified random sampling and 436 questionnaires were collected. Data were analyzed using SPSS software at P<0.05.
 
Results: The findings showed that 39.2% of the subjects used at least one of the agents for doping. The most common agents were vitamin and protein supplements (36%), minerals (28.7%) and drugs (21.3%). Also, there was a significant negative correlation between the prevalence of using doping agents and age, sport background, and educational level. In addition, attitude and tendency toward the use of doping agents were higher in weightlifters, body builders, and footballers compared to other athletes. Furthermore, knowledge of athletes, awareness about side effects, and the overall awareness of athletes toward performance-enhancing supplements was low.
 
Conclusion: It is necessary to develop comprehensive educational programs to raise the knowledge and awareness of athletes and coaches toward the use of performance-enhancing supplements in North Khorasan Province.
Comparison of Personality Types and Alexithymia between Opiates Dependents, Concurrent Opiates and Methamphetamine Users and Control Group Referred to Drug Abuse Treatment Centers in Kerman City in 2020
F Heydari, A Shahesmaeili, M Eslami Shahrbabaki,
Volume 18, Issue 1 (Vol.18, No.1, Spring 2022 2022)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: This study was conducted to compare the personality type and alexithymia between opiates dependents, concurrent opiates and methamphetamine users and control groups presenting to drug abuse treatment centers in Kerman in 2020.
Methods: In this cross-sectional analytical study, three groups with a sample size of 130 participants were recruited through convenience sampling from six drug abuse treatment centers (two governmental and four private centers) in Kerman, 2020. The first group comprised opiates-only users. The second group included concurrent opiates and methamphetamine users. The third group included never-drug users. The data were collected using three questionnaires including a demographic questionnaire, the Friedman and Rosenman personality types questionnaire and Toronto Alexithymia Scale. Comparison of variables between the three groups was done using multivariable multinomial logistic regression.
Results: The research outcomes indicated a higher chance of type A personality in the opiates with methamphetamine dependents (adjusted odds ratio (AOR):1.97; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 3.64, 1.06) compared to the control group. The chance of severe alexithymia was higher among opiates dependents (AOR: 1.86; 95% CI: 3.27, 1.06) and concurrent opiates and methamphetamine users (AOR: 2.7; 95% CI: 4.83, 1.51) compared to the control group. The concurrent opiates and methamphetamine users were more likely to be male (AOR: 3.1; 95% CI: 6.25, 1.53), single (AOR: 2.6; 95% CI: 4.72, 1.43) and unemployed (AOR: 4.01; 95% CI: 9.09, 1.77) compared to the control group. Compared to the control group, the opiates dependents (AOR: 4.14; 95% CI: 7.71, 2.22) and the opiates with methamphetamine dependents (AOR: 1.95; 95% CI: 3.69, 1.03) were more likely to have education levels lower than secondary school diploma.
Conclusion: Considering the relationship between the personality type and alexithymia with opiates and methamphetamine use, early screening, continuous care, and necessary trainings are required to prevent drug dependency in high-risk people, especially at younger ages. 
 

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