Mh Emamian, A Alami, M Fateh,
Volume 7, Issue 3 (11 2011)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Non-Communicable disease (NCD) is a main group of diseases which are responsible for a large proportion of the Global Burden of Disease around the world. Although disparities in the NCDs' risk factors can affect the goals of health for all, less attention has been paid so far on this topic. In this study, we investigated socio-economic inequality in the NCDs’ risk factors and evaluated the causes affecting on this inequality in Shahroud, Iran.
Methods: Conducting this survey, we used surveillance data for NCD of 1000 individuals who lived in Shahroud district during 2005. We determine a socio-economic variable which explained social and economic status of the people using Principal Component Analysis. We then evaluated each NCD risk factors at different levels of the socio-economic variable and calculated concentration index for the risk factors. The causes of the inequality were described by decomposition analysis of the concentration indices.
Results: Concentration indices for hypertension, smoking, insufficient physical activity, and unhealthy diet were -0.141, -0.191, -0.046 and -0.091, respectively. Differences of concentration curves of the risk factors from the line of equality were significant but not for diabetes, obesity and high blood cholestrol. Age, being a government employee, being unmarried, living in rural area and low economic status were the most important factors which influence on these inequalities.
Conclusion: Inequality in some NCD risk factors was significant in Shahroud district. More investigations with larger sample size and more appropriate variables to measure socioeconomic status are recommended.
Zahra Kordi, Mostafa Enayatrad, Abolfazl Emamian, Fatemeh Rahaei, Mansooreh Fateh, Mohammad Hassan Emamian,
Volume 20, Issue 3 (Vol.20, No.3, Autumn 2024)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Colorectal cancer is considered as one of the most common cancers in the world and Iran. Epidemiological studies are necessary to evaluate the trend of this disease in society. This study aimed to describe the incidence and trend of colorectal cancer in 13 years in Shahroud and Meyami districts, Iran.
Methods: The data were obtained from the population-based cancer registry system at Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, including patients in Shahroud and Meyami districts. The standardized incidence rate (ASR) was calculated based on age and gender, and the 13-year trend from 2010 to 2022 was calculated using joinpoint regression along with the percentage of annual changes.
Results: In general, 543 cases of colorectal cancer were recorded from 2010 to 2022, including 280 (51.6%) males and 263 (48.4%) females. The most recorded cases of this cancer were in 2021 with 54 cases. The Age-standardized mean incidence rate of colorectal cancer in this period was 17.6 per 100,000 people. The ASR of colorectal cancer in males and females was 18.4 (95%CI: 16.2 - 20.6) and 16.8 (95% CI: 14.8 - 18.9), respectively. The annual percent change of ASR during the study period was 2.33% (95% CI: 0.13 – 4.87), indicating an increasing trend.
Conclusion: In the Shahroud and Meyami districts, the incidence rate of colorectal cancer was 17.6 per 100,000 people and has increased relatively over the 13-year study period.
