Hr Tolideie, J Hajavi,
Volume 9, Issue 3 (2-2014)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Asthma and allergic diseases remain among the most important health problem in different societies that affect childhood life. These diseases mostly seem to be occurred in children with family history positive. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the association between family history and the prevalence of allergic diseases in children in Gonabad.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the city of Gonabad in 2011 year. The International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questionnaire were completed by 1627 students whom were selected by using multi-level sampling across city. The Chi-Square test was used for comparison of qualitative variables between two groups and Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated.
Results: Of the total (1627) participated students, 876 (53.8%) were boys and 751 (46.2%) were girls. Mean age of children was 14.5±1.8. Almost forty percent of children had at least one allergic symptom at sometime in their life and 48/1% had family history and 35/1% did not have family history (P<0.001). However, lifetime and 12-month prevalence of rhinitis symptoms, 12-month prevalence of rhino conjunctivitis and lifetime hay fever and eczema was significantly higher in students with positive family history than those with negative family history (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Our study shows that the prevalence of most allergic disorders was higher in children with positive family history. It seems that heredity plays a major role in the occurrence of allergic diseases in children.
Vajihe Armanmehr, Hossein Mirzaei, Abdoljavad Khajavi, Toktam Paykani, Reza Esmaili,
Volume 18, Issue 2 (Vol.18, No.2, Summer 2022 2022)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Faster than expected, the COVID-19 disease changed people's lives on an unprecedented scale. The present research aimed to shed light on the economic challenges of the pandemic and the efforts made concerning economic resilience. Thus, this study delved into the experience of families residing in a suburban town.
Methods: The present study was qualitative in type. It used a qualitative content analysis with a guided approach conducted through 17 in-depth semi-structured individual interviews with subjects over 15 years of age living in Tawheed Gonabad town. These subjects had lived in the area for at least three years. The interviews were held and audio-recorded in a purposive sampling method after gaining informed consent from the participants in the spring of 2021. In order to estimate the validity of the data, Lincoln and Goba's criteria were used.
Results: The economic resilience of families during the pandemic was marked by three main categories and nine sub-categories. The categories were:
1) changes to the economic dimension of the family (the sub-categories: employment, income, consumption and socioeconomic status),
2) solutions to the economic changes of the family (sub-categories: reliance on internal resources, family and receiving support from outside of the family), and
3) the effectiveness of economic resilience of families at higher levels (sub-categories: macroeconomics, family social capital and regional resilience).
As more detailed results showed, the pandemic has caused a decrease in the income and consumption of essential items in quantity and quality and imposed excessive costs on the target community. The dominant solution to economic problems has been changing consumer’s behavior and income diversification. The lack of supportive plans, poor social networks and the identity of the neighborhood are the significant barriers to the increase of economic resilience.
Conclusion: The families investigated in the present study were vulnerable in many ways and had low economic resilience. In order to improve the families' level of economic resilience, it is necessary to know the context and carry out interventions and support plans based on the families' internal and external capacities, including the neighborhood's empowering conditions.
