N Khodakarami, Sj Hosseini, P Yavari, F Farzaneh, K Etemad, S Salehpour, M Sohanaki, N Broutet, P Jf Snijders, G Clifford, S Franceschi,
Volume 7, Issue 4 (16 2012)
Abstract
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Background & Objectives: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection seems to be the
most common sexually transmitted infection. High-risk (HR) human papillomavirus
(HPV) prevalence has been shown to correlate well with cervical cancer
incidence rates. Since there is little known about the epidemiology of this
infection in Tehran, we designed to estimate the prevalence of HPV in some
areas in Tehran.
Methods: Cervical
specimens were obtained from 825 married women aged 21-59 years from the
general population of Tehran, Iran according to the standardised protocol of
the IARC International HPV surveys. HPV was detected using a GP5+/6+ PCR-based
assay.
Results: HPV
prevalence in the general population was 7.8% (5.1% of high-risk types), with
no statistically significant variations by age. Cervical intraepithelial
neoplasia was diagnosed in 4.1% of women, of whom 35.3% were HPV-positive.
HPV16 was confirmed as the most common type among women with both normal (1.8%)
and abnormal (8.8%) cytology. HPV positivity was significantly higher among divorced
women, women in polygamous marriages and those reporting husbands' extramarital
affairs.
Conclusion: However
the prevalence of HPV seems not high in comparison with other international
data, more molecular and seroepidemiological survey in national level needs to
have a better perspective.
Hamid Soori, Nahid Khodakarami, Alireza Zali, Alireza Noori, Samaneh Akbarpour, Fatemeh Sadat Asgarian,
Volume 18, Issue 3 (Vol.18, No.3, Autumn 2022)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: COVID-19 pandemic caused a lot of severe problems in the world. This study investigated the epidemiology of the disease in Tehran in the first quarter of the epidemic's beginning.
Methods: The available information recorded for patients from 20 February 2020 to 20 May 2020 in Tehran was used. To prepare disease-related distribution maps, the addresses of patients' residences in Google Earth were called to ARC-GIS version 10-4. The methods used in GIS include IDW, Hotspot and also software development.
Results: Overall, 3699 individuals whose PCR results were positive in Tehran were included in the study. Out of the total number of them, 550 people died and the fatality rate of the disease in hospitalized patients was 14.9%. One thousand five hundred thirty patients (41.4%) have recovered, and the remaining 1619 patients were under treatment until data collection. Of the total, 1479 confirmed cases were women (40%). The average age was 57.4 years (SD=16.5). The density of cases in areas 4, 8 and 13, and the existence of some cluster diseases in neighborhoods such as Tehran Pars, Ayat and Pirouzi streets are noteworthy points.
Conclusion: The trend of the COVID-19 epidemic is dire and requires long-term measures. Nevertheless, to control this disease, the health system, the policy of isolating patients and suspicious people, wear masks especially in densely populated areas, are the most important controlling factors.
