N Rabiei, M Gholami Fesharaki , M Rowzati,
Volume 14, Issue 3 (Vol.14, No.3, 2018)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The Cox model is one of the methods used in survival data; however, the use of hierarchical data, such as the data of this study, violates the assumption of independence, the the Cox model cannot be used assuming independence of observations. One of the important methods for analyzing survival hierarchy data is the use of the multilevel Cox model. In this method, in addition to modeling the response variable, regression coefficients are also modeled and the measurement error resulting from the lack of data independence is reduced. The present study used a multilevel Cox model to investigate the effect of the retention of antihypertensive drugs in people with hypertension.
Methods: This longitudinal survival study was conducted in 346 workers with hypertension in Mobarakeh Steel Company in Isfahan. During the years 1390-1394, when the staff attended the health center in the factory, they were treated with six drugs, including captopril, losartan, atenolol, propranolol, amlodipine, and hydrochlorothiazide. In order to examine the relationship of the retention of drugs with job experience, body mass index, and drug history, a two-level Cox model was used as h_ij (t)=h_0 (t)exp(α_g+x_ij β_j), where i and j is the first and second level units, respectively.
Results: During five years, the findings of model fitting showed the effect of body mass index (P = 0.019), atenolol (P=0.046), and amlodipine (P=0.021) in a single form, and the effect of losartan-amlodipine ¬(P=0.042) and atenolol-hydrochlorothiazide (P = 0.003) in a combination form were significant.
Conclusion: Based on the study results, the most effective drugs for hypertension control are amlodipine monotherapy, amlodipine-losartan combination therapy, and atenolol monotherapy, respectively.
Fereshteh Eidy, Razieh Jafarizadeh, Fatemeh Shoghi, Amirhossein Moradian, Fatemeh Sadat Dolatabadi, Samira Rabiei,
Volume 20, Issue 4 (Vol.20, No.4, Winter 2025)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Overweight and obesity are serious public health problems that have increased significantly among adolescents in recent decades. This condition can affect various aspects of adolescents' quality of life. A questionnaire based on IWQOL-kids was used to assess the quality of life among overweight and obese adolescents in Iran for the first time.
Methods: This study was conducted on 170 overweight and obese adolescents (both boys and girls) aged 11 to 18 years educating in schools of North Khorasan Province. Using a cluster sampling method, data collection was conducted. Data were collected using the IWQOL-kids, a quality of life questionnaire for adolescent obesity, and satistical analyses were conducted using R software version 4.3.2 through univariable and multivariable regression models.
Results: The mean of total score of IWQOL-kids for overweight and obese girls and boys was 82.1 ± 16 and 86.4 ± 15.5, respectively. A significant correlation was found between age and the number of siblings with physical functioning, self-esteem, and overall quality of life scores (p < 0.05). Additionally, age and the number of siblings were significantly associated with social life and family relationships (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Given the impact of weight on adolescents' quality of life, future studies are recommended to include body composition assessments to more accurately examine the impact of gender differences on the quality of life of this age group.
