Showing 10 results for Taleb
M Mohammad Shirazi, Fa Taleban, M Ghafarpoor,
Volume 2, Issue 1 (23 2006)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is the most prevalent autoimmune disease of the nervous system in young adults. There are currently more than 30000 cases in Iran and the number is increasing everyday.The objective of this study was to measure the amount of vitamin and mineral intake in MS patients and to compare it with reference values.
Methods: We randomly selected 108 relapsing-remitting MS patients from the Iranian MS society in Tehran in 2005. Two questionnaires- covering personal information and medical data- were filled for each patient. Food intake was assessed by three 24-hour recalls and a quantitative food frequency questionnaire for the year preceding the study. The food intake recorded on the original questionnaire was changed to values in grams using “Manual for Household Measures” and then converted to corresponding amounts of nutrient ingredients by the “Nutritionist 3” program. Data analysis was performed by the SPSS software package. We calculated means and standard deviations for intake levels and applied t tests to compare the results with reference values.
Results: Women with MS took excessive amounts of vitamin A and vitamin C, while their daily intake of folate, vitamin E, vitamin D, magnesium, iron, zinc, iodine and calcium was below reference values. Male patients had higher-than-recommended intake of vitamin A, phosphorous, manganese and iron. Their ingestion of folate, Vitamin D and E, magnesium, zinc, calcium and selenium was shown to be below the recommended amount.
Conclusions: In view of these results, higher intake of vitamin D and calcium is recommended. Women should be encouraged to take more iron and folate as many symptoms of anemia mimics MS symptoms. Considering the well-known role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of MS, men should be urged to increase their ingestion of antioxidant-rich foods. It appears that nutritional assessment, dietary counseling and education are necessary for Iranian MS patients.
M Mohammad Shirazi, Fa Taleban, M Ghafarpour,
Volume 2, Issue 3 (24 2006)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is the most prevalent autoimmune disease of nervous system in young adults. The current number of diagnosed cases in Iran is above 40000 and is steadily increasing The objective of this study was to assess the daily macronutrient intake of MS patients and to compare this with reference values.
Methods: We randomly selected 108 relapsing-remitting patients were randomly from the Iranian MS society in 2005. Two questionnaires containing personal and medical information were filled for each patient. We assessed food intake by three 24-hour recalls and a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire dealing with intake over the past year. Using the Manual for Household Measures, the data were changed to values in grams and then turned to nutrient ingredients by applying Nutritionist-3. Data analysis was done using the SPSS package: m mean and standard deviation were computed for each nutrient and t tests were run to compare the figures with reference values.
Results: MS patients living in Tehran had a dietary intake of total fat, saturated fat and protein higher than recommended, while their intake of fibers was below the reference values. The body mass index was subnormal in 14.8% of the patients and above normal in 38%.
Conclusions: In light of the current pattern of macronutrient ingestion in MS patients in Tehran, a lower intake of total and saturated fat, consumption of vegetable proteins instead of animal protein and more dietary fiber are recommended. To meet this goal, vegetables, fruit, whole grains and beans are good suggestions. It seems that Iranian MS patients need nutritional assessment, counseling and education to improve their diet.
M Mohammad Shirazi , F Taleban, M Sabet Kassaii, A Abadi , M Vafa, Kh Zare, F Seyed Ahmadian ,
Volume 3, Issue 1 (21 2007)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: There are conflicting data on the effects of different types of fat on aortic atherosclerosis. This study used Wister rats to compare the atherogenic effects of a standard diet with a diet containing fish oil and another diet containing mixed oils (typical of the current consumption pattern in Iran).
Methods: Thirty female Wistar rats were randomly assigned to three diet groups: a standard diet (containing soy bean-oil as the only dietary fat), a diet containing fish oil and another diet which contained mixed oils and was designed on the basis of the current fat consumption pattern in Iran (butter, hydrogenated vegetable oil and sunflower oil). Mothers in each group were fed the same diet during pregnancy and lactation the litters were also weaned onto the same diet. Aortic samples were taken from the offspring at the time of weaning and puberty. Data were analyzed using SPSS software Kruskal-Wallis test was applied for comparison among groups.
Results: Rats that were fed soy bean oil showed less extensive fatty streaks and intimal thickening of aorta on weaning and at puberty. Rats fed fish oil and mixed oils showed more atherosclerosis lesions compared to those receiving soy bean oil.
Conclusions: It seems that diets with an omega-3 to omega-6 ratio of 0.6 can enhance aortic atherosclerosis. Diets with an Iranian fat consumption pattern also increase aortic atherosclerotic lesions because they contain substantial amounts of saturated fat.
S Pirouzpanah , Fa Taleban, Ar Abadi , M Atri , P Mehdipour,
Volume 5, Issue 2 (22 2009)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: The repression of retinoic acid receptor-β2 (RARβ2) expression is a concerning aspect of breast cancer, which is often induced by hypermethylation at promoter of the gene. We aimed to explore the correlation of plasma folate, vitamin B12 and total homocysteine (tHcy) levels with hypermethylation status of RARβ2 gene among Iranian breast cancer patients.
Methods: The hypermethylation status was investigated in 137 specimens tissues from primary breast cancer patients aged 28-85 years thorough methylation-specific PCR.
Results: Hypermethylation at RARβ2 gene was observed in 36.5 %. The hypermthylated RARβ2 associated with younger age at diagnosis and negative family history of breast cancer. The plasma level of folate was found lower in cases aged ≥48 years with hypermethylated RARβ2 gene (P<0.05). In contrast the level of tHcy was shown higher in cases aged <48 y (P<0.05). The risk of hypermethylation at RARβ2 gene increased with low plasma levels of folate (OR=0.21, 95%CI: 0.05-0.88) and vitamin B12 (OR=0.04, 95%CI: 0.01-0.92) and high plasma level of tHcy (OR=7.55, 95%CI: 1.07-25.7) in cases older than 48y.
Conclusions: Low plasma levels of folate, Vitamin B12 and high plasma level of total homocysteine could have important roles as prognostic factors in hypermethylation status of RARβ2 gene in breast cancer.
M Mohammad Shirazi, Fa Taleban, M Sabet Kassaii, A Abadi, Mr Vafa,
Volume 6, Issue 2 (22 2010)
Abstract
Methods: Thirty female Wistar rats were randomly allocated to three dietary groups: a standard diet (containing soy bean-oil), diet containing fish oil and diet containing mixed oil which was designed based on Iranian population fatty acid intake. Dams in each group were fed one of the diets during pregnancy and lactation and the pups were also weaned onto the same diet. Fasting serum glucose (Photometry) and insulin (ELISA) in pups were assessed and insulin sensitivity calculated on puberty.
Results: Fasting serum insulin in fish oil-fed group was significantly less than two other groups (P=0.018) and insulin sensitivity in fish oil-fed rats was significantly more than two other groups (P=0.002).
Conclusions: It seems a diet containing fish oil (rich in long chain omega-3 fatty acids) causes more insulin sensitivity comparing to diet containing soy bean oil (rich in omega-6 fatty acids) and diet with Iranian population fatty acid intake pattern (rich in saturated fatty acids).
A Nassi, M Mehrabizade Honarmand, M Shehni Yailagh, S Bassaknejad, A Talebpour,
Volume 8, Issue 3 (17 2012)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: One of the most common anxiety disorders in children is separation anxiety disorder (SAD). The purpose of the present study was to investigate the epidemiology of separation anxiety disorder in Isfahan primary school male student.
Methods: The present study was a descriptive study. The statistical population was all the male students from 7 to 9 years old, studying in second and third grades in primary schools of Isfahan. The sample of study consisted of 1514 male student, who were selected randomly by multi-stage sampling method. The instruments of this study consisted of the Separation Anxiety Disorder Scale, Spence Children's Anxiety Scale and Clinical Interview.
Data obtained were analyzed by using descriptive statistics and chi-square and logistic regression.
Results: The findings showed that the rate of separation anxiety disorder in male (7 to 9 year- old student) was %6/93. SAD were more common in 7 years old (7.4%). Children having record of hospitalization, immigration, single-parent households and close relatives of mortality had a higher rate of separation anxiety disorder.
Conclusion: This study shows that separation anxiety disorder among primary school male students is significantly high. Therefore it is important to consider the potential utility of early anxiety prevention/intervention programs, especially for children at this age group.
Aa Abbasi, Hr Bahrami, B Beygi, E Musa Farkhani, V Vakili, F Rezaee Talab , R Eftekhari Gol , M Talebi,
Volume 15, Issue 2 (Vol.15, No.2 2019)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Sleep disorders include problems involving the quality, timing and amount of sleep, which cause decreased functioning and discomfort during the daytime. Considering the importance of sleep in health and quality of life and the probability of the related disorders in the elderly, this study was conducted to investigate sleep disorders and their risk factors in an elderly population covered by Mashhad University of Medical Sciences.
Methods: We conducted one of the largest population-based cross-sectional studies in an elderly population covered by Mashhad University of Medical Sciences in 2016. In this study, a total 8496 elderly people aged 60-90 years old with sleep disorders were compared with 35041 elderly subjects without complaints. Data were extracted from the Sina Electronic Health Record System. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were carried out using the STATA ® version 14 to determine associations between independent variables and sleep disorders.
Results: In multivariate analysis, male gender (AOR=0.58; 95% CI: 0.55-0.61), being married (AOR=0.88; 95% CI: 0.83-0.93), overweight and lightweight compared to normal weight (AOR=1.27; 95% CI: 1.21-1.34 and AOR=1.20; 95% CI: 1.04-1.38, respectively), smoking (AOR=2.22; 95% C.I: 2.05-2.40), high blood pressure (AOR=1.44; 95% C.I: 1.37-1.52), diabetes (AOR= 1.49; 95% C.I: 1.40-1.58) and depression (AOR=3.05; 95% C.I: 2.74-3.38) variable remained in the final model after adjusting for confounders.
Conclusion: In this study, gender, marital status, body mass index, smoking, blood pressure, diabetes and depression were the main determinants of sleep disorders. It is necessary to identify the risk factors and perform appropriate interventions to improve the sleep.
Farnoosh Zarabadi Poor, Fatemeh Mohammai, Zahra Hosseinkhani, Seyedeh Ameneh Motalebi,
Volume 18, Issue 3 (Vol.18, No.3, Autumn 2022)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Fear of COVID-19 is common among older adults and negatively impacts on their physical and mental health. Self-regulation is an essential factor for controlling or managing excitement and anxiety. So, this study aimed to determine the relationship between fear of COVID-19 and death anxiety with the moderator role of self-regulation among the elderly residing in Qazvin.
Methods: This descriptive and cross-sectional study was performed on 430 elderly aged 60 and over living in Qazvin in 2021. Samples were selected by cluster sampling method. The demographic checklist, Templer death anxiety scale, fear of COVID-19 questionnaire, and Self-Regulation Inventory were used for collecting the data. The data were analyzed using the Path Analyze test.
Results: The mean age of the elder participants in the study was 66.88 ± 6.40 years old. The results showed a significant and positive relationship between fear of COVID-19 and death anxiety (β=0.60, P<0.001) and an inverse association between fear of COVID-19 (β=-0.24, P=0.021) and death anxiety (β=-0.10, P=0.021) with self-regulation. Furthermore, the results of the Path analysis confirmed the moderator role of self-regulation in the association between fear of Covid-19 and death anxiety among the elderly residing in Qazvin, Iran.
Conclusion: Given the mediator role of self-regulation in the relationship between fear of COVID-19 and death anxiety, it is suggested to use teaching strategies to the older adults to improve self-regulation to control and mitigate the negative impacts of the fear of COVID-19 in this vulnerable population.
Mostafa Talebi, Sareh Shakerian,
Volume 19, Issue 3 (Vol.19, No.3, Autumn 2023)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Cutaneous Leishmaniasis is a significant endemic diseases in Iran, leading to skin lesions, lifelong scars, and social stigma. This study aims to investigate the influence of climatic and ecological factors on the prevalence of cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Iran.
Methods: This study employed a narrative review approach. A comprehensive search was conducted using key terms such as 'skin Leishmaniasis', 'cutaneous Leishmaniasis', 'climatic factors,' and 'environmental factors' in both national and international databases. All relevant research was included without limitations on location, time, or research methodology.
Results: The initial search yielded 823625 articles. After refining the search keywords and conducting initial screening, 184 studies remained following the removal of duplicate articles. Subsequent screening for eligibility further narrowed down the selection to 30. The inclusion of 6 master theses brought the final number of studies for review to 36. A review of the studies showed a significant association between certain climatic factors, including temperature, humidity, hours of sunshine, and rainfall, and the incidence of cutaneous Leishmaniasis, across various geographical regions in the country. The relationship between factors such as vegetation, wind, and the number of disease cases had different results in different parts of the country.
Conclusion: The results of the present study show the effect of climatic and environmental factors on the rate of cutaneous Leishmaniasis in the country. Considering that the effect of these factors is not the same in all parts of the country, it is necessary to implement effective preventive measures to reduce the disease burden according to the needs of each geographical area.
Maryam Saeedi, Sahar Taleb,
Volume 19, Issue 4 (Vol.19, No.4, Winter 2024)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic has created a growing concern about domestic violence worldwide. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the general prevalence of all types of violence and the related effective factors during the COVID-19 outbreak among women living in Saveh, Iran.
Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in 2021 on 423 married women referred to health centers in Saveh who were selected using the cluster method. A demographic information questionnaire and a researcher-made domestic violence questionnaire were used to collect data. Descriptive statistical methods and statistical tests were used to analyze the data and examine the correlation between the intensity (score) of violence with the demographic variables of the samples and their spouses. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 22 statistical software. A significance level of less than 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: Most of the participants (59.6%) were exposed to domestic violence. The mean±standard deviation of the overall domestic violence score was as much as 7.47±12.37. The most common type of domestic violence among the studied women was psychological violence. There was a direct and significant relationship between the overall score of domestic violence, the age of the samples and their spouses, and the duration of their marriage (P<0.01). The average overall score of domestic violence was significantly higher in samples who had children, were not pregnant, had drug and alcohol-addicted spouses, were renters, had a decrease in income during the COVID-19 outbreak, and had unemployed spouses (P <0.05).
Conclusion: Based on the results, the prevalence of domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic was moderate, but its severity was low. Due to the psychological effects of the COVID-19 disease on society people, the increase in the incidence of violent behavior is especially evident in vulnerable families such as low-income families and tenants and women whose spouses are unemployed and abuse substances. Therefore, identifying and supporting vulnerable families for their education and empowerment can reduce the incidence of domestic violence.
