Showing 4 results for Zarei
V Torabi, M Mohebali, Ghh Edrissian, H Keshavarz, M Mohajeri, M Hajjaran, B Akhoundi, Aa Sanati, Z Zarei, A Delshad,
Volume 4, Issue 3 (20 2009)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: This study aimed to determine of the seroprevalence of visceral leishmaniasis to design a prevention and control program in Bojnoord district.
Methods: This was a descriptive and cross sectional study with multistage random sampling method. The study was carried out on children up to 12 years old and 10% of adult’s population in 8 rural areas of Bojnoord district in 2007. In total, 1608 blood samples were collected to detect anti-Leishmania antibodies. All the samples were tested by direct agglutination test (DAT). In order to determine Leishmania species, necropsy was performed on four suspected dogs in the studied areas. The species of Leishmania was determined by RAPD-PCR and PCR-RFLP methods using to amplify the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1).
Results: Thirty and eight (2.36%) out of 1608 collected blood samples had anti-Leishmania antibodies at titer 1:800 and nine (0.56%) were just positive at 1:3200 by DAT. There was no statistically significant difference between female and male seroprevalence (p<0/05). The seoprevalence in children <=12 years old compared to individuals greater than 12 years old did not show any statistically significant (p<0/05). Amastigotes were observed in all 4 necropsied dogs. The species of Leishmania isolated from 2 dogs, was determined as L.Infantum. Their ITS1 sequences were registered with Accession numbers EU810776 and EU810777 in NCBI.
Conclusions: These findings showed that visceral leishmaniasis has been circulated with low endemicity in Bojnoord district. Therefore an appropriate monitoring system is needed for health services in this area.
F Najafi, Gh Moradi, M Mohamadi Bolbanabad , S Rezaei, R Safari Faramani , B Karami Matin , B Piroozi, S Darvishi, T Mohamadi, Sh Amiri Hoseini, B Zarei, A Azadnia,
Volume 16, Issue 3 (Vol.16, No.3 2020)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: On 12 November 2017, an earthquake with a magnitude of 7.3 on the Richter scale occurred in Kermanshah Province. Explaining the challenges and needs of the victims in such circumstances can be an important source of information for future planning and better management of such conditions. Thus, the purpose of this study was to explain the challenges and needs of the earthquake victims.
Methods: This study was a qualitative study. Twenty-nine semi-structured interviews were conducted with managers, policymakers, and health and emergency relief providers in earthquake areas, and 10 focused group discussions were held with earthquake victims from December to February 2016. The data were analyzed using conventional content analysis.
Results: The needs and challenges in Kermanshah earthquake were classified into three periods after the earthquake: 1. Challenges and needs in the first few days with three sub-categories including management, rescue services, and urgent care, 2- Challenges and needs in the first few weeks after the earthquake with three sub-categories including housing and emergency assistance, public health services, and access to health care; and 3. Needs and challenges in several months after the earthquake with four sub-categories including economic, social, infrastructural and health service needs.
Conclusion: Lack of unity of command was the main challenge in this earthquake. Another point was the health needs of victim earthquakes over time. Therefore, dispatching of aid forces to the affected areas during natural disasters should be based on planning and needs.
N Faraji, N Alizadeh, M Akrami, Z Kheyri, H Hosamirudsari, N Zarei Jalalabadi , S Akbarpour , M Arefi, F Taghizadeh, S Mohammadnejad, F Goudarzi,
Volume 16, Issue 5 (Vol 16, Special Issue 2021)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Reports indicates a higher mortality rate of Covid-19 in the elderly. A limited number of studies have been performed on elderly patients in Iran. In the present study, we investigated the clinical features and survival of elderly patients with Covid-19 in Baharloo Hospital, Tehran, Iran.
Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted on the data of elderly patients with Covid-19 admitted to Baharloo Hospital, Tehran, Iran. The data of the hospitalized patients were followed until discharge or death. Finally, survival-related factors were analyzed using Cox regression.
Results: A total of 522 patients were enrolled in the study, of whom 53.8% were male and 101 died. The mean age of the deceased was 76.3 years, with a standard deviation of 8.6 years. The most common clinical symptoms at the time of admission were respiratory distress (69.5%), cough (61.1%), and fever (51.1%). Cox regression results showed that the risk of death increased by 5% for each one-year increase in age. In addition, calcium supplementation reduced the risk of death by 35%.
Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that calcium supplementation could be associated with increased survival of the elderly and reduced mortality. Due to calcium insufficiency in the Iranian population and the protective role of calcium in Covid-19, this issue is essential in the elderly patients warranting further investigation in the future.
Fatemeh Ershadinia, Elham Rahimi, Bushra Zareie, Hadi Pashapoor, Manoochehr Karami,
Volume 19, Issue 2 (Vol.19, No.2, Summer 2023)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The disease surveillance system provides essential information about the population at risk and the disease pattern. This review aimed to describe the experiences of countries in establishing COVID-19 school-based surveillance systems.
Methods: We conducted a systematic review. Four databases were searched between January 2019 and December 2022 using relevant keywords. The studies were screened by two people according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The findings were extracted using a standard form and aligned to the objectives of the review.
Results: The data from 12 studies were extracted using the standard form. All studies related to the school-based surveillance system of COVID-19. Most of studies were conducted in the United States of America and England. The reports did not conform to the standard. The number of schools covered in surveillance systems ranged from 2 to more than 6000 schools. The age group in these studies was 0 to 19 years. Schools submitted data daily or weekly.
Conclusion: The results of the COVID-19 surveillance systems in schools should be reported according to standard Instructions. This is considered a necessity to monitor and evaluate the surveillance system. It also allows other countries and researchers to share and use the results. In addition, sensitivity, timeliness, and positive predictive value were not reported in implemented surveillance systems.
