Showing 137 results for Iran
M Bakhtiyari, M Salehi, F Zayeri, F Mobasheri, P Yavari, A Delpishe, M Karimlou,
Volume 8, Issue 2 (9-2012)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify the quality of life (QOL) measures
commonly used to assess disabled people compared to healthy individuals.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 1000 disabled and
healthy individuals aged between 15 to 75 years old during 2009 year. These
groups were selected by random sampling method multistage cluster sampling from
Crescent Comprehensive Rehabilitation Center located in Tehran. WHO's Quality
of Life (WHOQOL-100) questionnaire was used to measure quality of life.
Results: The Mean age were 35.9±12.9 and 35.1±12.7 years
amongst disabled and non disabled groups, respectively. There was a significant
difference between two groups in terms of somatic health and independence of
quality of life (P<0.001), in which the mean score in both domains were high
in healthy individuals. No significant difference was observed between two
groups in other scopes.
Conclusion: Findings of this study highlighted the lower
quality of life in disabled people in Tehran, Therefore this group should be
targeted for any relevant intervention in order to improve their care.
M Karami, H Soori, Y Mehrabi, Aa Haghdoost, Mm Gouya,
Volume 8, Issue 3 (12-2012)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Evaluating the performance of outbreak detection methods using real data testing provide the highest degree of validity. The aim of this study was to determine the performance of the Exponentially Weighted Moving Average (EWMA) in real time detection of two local outbreaks in Iran.
Methods: The EWMA algorithm (both ƛ= 0.3 and 0.6) applied on daily counts of suspected cases of measles to detect local outbreaks which had been occurred in Mashhad and Bandar Abbas cities during 2010. The performance of The EWMA algorithms were evaluated using real data testing approach and reported by correlation analysis.
Results: Mashhad outbreak was detected with a delay of about 2 to 7 days using EWMA algorithms as outbreak detection method while the utility of EWMA algorithms in real time detection of Bandar Abbas’ outbreak were on time good optimal. Maximum correlation value for EWMA 2 in relation to Mashhad outbreak was 0.60 at lag 2.
Conclusion: Applying the EWMA algorithm as an outbreak detection method at local levels is not suggested. However the characteristics of data are determinant of the performance of such detection methods.
Kh Isazadehfar , L Eslami , M Entezariasl,
Volume 8, Issue 4 (3-2013)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: The scorpionism is one of the important public health problem in several parts of the world
becauseeither incidence or severity of envenomations is high and managed with difficulty by health services. The
aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological and demographic information among humans stung by
scorpion in Ramhormoz, Iran.
Methods: In this analytic-descriptive study relevant information were gathered from Imam Khomeini hospital in
Ramhormoz, from April 2007 to April 2008.
Results: There were 3799 scorpion victims, 56% were from rural areas. Approximately 20 percent of the sting
cases occurred in the month of July (the height temperature in this region). Near 50 percent of victims were
between 11-30 years. Most of the stings were seen in exposed extremities (78.4%) mainly in the lower limbs
(40.5%). Stings mainly occurred at night between 6 p.m. and 6 a.m (44.3%). The scorpions’ spices were, 53.9%
yellow, 12.5% black and 34.6% unknown colors, respectively. The median time from sting to admission to the
emergency room (patient delay) was 1.5 hour.
Conclusion: It is suggested that informing people with educational campaign about the importance of receiving
prompt attention following a scorpion sting has potential value in reducing complications in the emergency room.
We would advise that public awareness and physician readiness combined with the availability of effective
antivenom significantly reduced lethality in this region.
Ar Bahonar, K Amiri, Hd Akbarin, N Rasoli Beirami, Hr Amiri, F Imani Tabar, Sh Khajeh Nasiri , S Arab Zadeh, V Iranian Veterinary Organization, As Makenali,
Volume 8, Issue 4 (3-2013)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Prevention and control of brucellosis in animals is the main route of its prevention in human. After detecting a brucellosis outbreak in an industrial dairy cattle farm in Isfahan province in Iran, an epidemiological investigation was carried out to determine prevalence of seropositive cows and incidence rate inorder to eliminate positive couws.
Methods: This study was carried out to determine abortion rates in caws. RBPT, SAT and 2ME serologic tests were used for detecting infected cows and Brucella agar for isolation of bacteria. Data analysis was performed by Chi-square test and calculation of cumulative incidence ratio.
Results: Of total 1395 female cows above 4 months age, 706 infected animals were found during investigation (March-December 2011). Incidence of abortion in infected cows was significantly higher than no infected
(34% versus 14%, P<0.05). Culture for 47 milk samples was positive for brucella out of 100 milk samples.
Conclusion: Attention to using reduce dose of RB51 vaccine, controlling of import animal in farm besides biosecurity are the main factors for prevention of similar outbreaks in dairy farms.
Z Nourafkan, P Yavari, Gh Roshandel, D Khalili, N Behnam Pour , F Zayeri,
Volume 9, Issue 1 (5-2013)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Golestan province in Iran has been known as a high risk area for esophageal cancer (EC). This study was conducted to assess the population-based survival rate in EC patients in Golestan province of Iran.
Methods: In a longitudinal study, 223 EC patients registered in Golestan population-based cancer registry in 2007 and 2008 were recruited. Kaplan-Meier method was performed to calculate median survival and log rank test was also used to compare survival rates between subgroups of variables. Multivariate Cox regression model was employed to determine adjusted hazard ratios (AHR) for different variables.
Results: From 223 patient, 129 (57/8%) were male. The mean age of participants was 64/3 years. The median survival in our study was 11/08 months. Survival rates for 6, 12 and 36 months were 69%, 47% and 14%, respectively. The results of Cox regression analysis showed that the AHR for patients with metastasis stage (compared to those with localized stage) was 13.89 (95% CI: 7/93-24/32) and the AHR for workers (compared to clerks) was 2.4 (95% CI: 3/8-1/47).
Conclusion: Our results showed that survival rate of EC patients were higher than the rate reported in a previous study from this region. However the survival rate from this region seems still lower than those reported from developed countries. Implementation of appropriate screening programs in this region will result in early diagnosis of EC and consequently will increase survival rate in EC patients.
H Safabakhsh, F Tehranian, B Tehranian, H Hatami, G Karimi, M Shahabi,
Volume 9, Issue 1 (5-2013)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Prevalence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection varies is highly prevalent in different societies. CMV infection in susceptible patients is associated with serious morbidity and a high mortality and is a matter of concern for blood bank professionals and blood transfusion recipients, especially in cases of transfusions to neonates and immunocompromised patients. Thus, the present study aimed to determine the prevalence rate of anti-CMV antibodies among the blood donors of Mashhad Blood Transfusion Center.
Methods: This seroepidemiology study carried out on 1008 samples from blood donors in Mashhad Blood Transfusion Center and the prevalence rate of anti-CMV antibodies (IgM, IgG) was estimated by ELISA method in the samples
Results: Out Of 1008 serum samples from donors, 1000 persons (99.2%) had anti-CMV IgG and 16 donors (1.6%) had anti-CMV IgM in their sera. Eight (8) persons had no anti-CMV IgG and IgM in their sera.
Conclusion: The high rate of prevalence of CMV in this study region indicating blood component screening strategies for blood transfusions require particular attention among healthcare professionals as part of the actions for prevention and reduction of primary infections caused by CMV.
M Naderi Beni , R Lak, Sa Jazaeri, H Eftekhar Ardebili ,
Volume 9, Issue 2 (10-2013)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Malnutrition among children under five year is a significant public health index. The aim of study was to estimate the prevalence of malnutrition in under 5 years old children in Chadegan
(area district city) parish of in Isfahan, Iran.
Methods: This was a community-based cross-sectional study. It was carried out on all randomly selected households with children age under five years old in rural and urban area of Chadegan in 2010 year. Demographic information was collected via household and a standardized questionnaire was administered to mothers or guardians and trained personnel measured weight and height or length.
Results: The results revealed that prevalence of malnutrition’s based on wasting, underweighting and stunting and obesity were 17.8%, 34.5%, 37% and 2.2% respectively. The main contributing factors for wasting were found to be child’s age, habitat, onset of complementary food, history of disease, hospitalization (P<0.05). Gender, father's job, mother’s education, ethnic, habitat, history of disease were found to be correlated with stunting as well. (P< 0.05).
Conclusion: Development programs should focus on the disadvantaged rural and urban arears of people to improve their nutritional status. Intervention strategies and programs should be developed to target the preventable risk factors.
M Karami, H Soori, Y Mehrabi, Aa Haghdoost, Mm Gouya, N Esmailnasab,
Volume 9, Issue 2 (10-2013)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Timely response to emerging diseases and outbreaks are a major public health and health systems priority. There are few published studies that evaluate the performance of cumulative sum (CUSUM) on identical data using semi- synthetic simulation approach. This study was undertaken to determine the performance of the CUSUM in timely detection of 831 days of simulated outbreaks.
Methods: We evaluated the performances of the CUSUM as an outbreak detection method on simulated outbreaks injected to daily counts of suspected cases of measles as baseline data in Iran between 21 March 2008 till 20 March 2011. Data obtained from the Iranian national surveillance system. The performance of algorithms was evaluated using sensitivity, false alarm rate, likelihood ratios and Area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve.
Results: Generally the sensitivity of the CUSUM algorithm in detecting simulated outbreaks was 50%
(95% CI: 47- 54). The corresponding values are disaggregated according to outbreak size, shape and duration. The CUSUM algorithm detected the half of outbreaks after 13.84 days on average.
Conclusion: We concluded that CUSUM algorithm performed good in detection of large outbreaks with short periods and poorly in detecting long period outbreaks, particularly those simulated outbreaks that did not begin with a surge of cases.
F Khosravi Shadmani , H Soori, M Karami, F Zayeri,
Volume 10, Issue 1 (6-2014)
Abstract
Background & Objectives : World Health Organization has recommended the main strategies for the prevention of road traffic injuries on some of the risk factors. This study aimed to prioritize the preventive interventions according to risk factors of road traffic injuries in Iran.
Methods: The potential impact fraction (PIF) of the main strategies for prevention was analyzed from national traffic police data registry in 2011 in urban and rural roads. PIF was calculated for risk factors of road traffic injuries and joint effect at three counterfactual distributions: theoretical minimum risk level, plausible minimum risk level, and feasible minimum risk level. The priority setting of preventive intervention was performed based on contribution of each risk factor.
Results : Based on the potential impact fraction of death (PIF calculated using odds ratio of death) the priorities were as follows in order: wearing a helmet by the motorcycle passenger, wearing a helmet by motorcycle rider, and lack of speed management. Risk factors in this study were more important in urban roads and joint effects of risk factors were close to 100 percent
Conclusion: It is strongly recommended that future interventions focus on the use of the helmet by motorcycle passengers and riders, the use of the seat belt by the passengers, and speed management. Our findings indicated that laws and legislations should be pursued more seriously. Calculation of the potential impact fraction is better than the population attributable fraction and allows for more accurate prediction of the future.
A Bahmanimehr, F Nikmanesh, L Yepiskoposyan,
Volume 10, Issue 3 (12-2014)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Zagros Mountains, which are between the flatlands of Mesopotamia and the Iranian plateau, surround the western border of the country. This region was the cradle of great civilizations like Mesopotamia and Elam. This study aimed to test the boundary role of the Zagros Mountains in the genetic structure of the region through evaluating the paternal lineages inheritance and patterns of genetic polymorphisms.
Methods: Two hundred and ninety seven blood samples were collected from unrelated men of the different local areas of the northwest of Iran. Haplogroup frequencies were used to calculate and compare the population genetic parameters as genetic distance and genetic diversity.
Results : In this research distribution time and entrance of the haplogroup G2-M406 estimated around 8800 years before present, the age of first human residential in the Zagros mountains area, Frequency of central Asian lineages in the eastern side of the mountains observed notable more than west side. While, European paternal lineages in the western side was more than eastern side of the mountains.
Conclusion : This research emphasized the westward distribution and migration from Iranian plateau to the Europe through Turkey and Caucasus. This research has drown reliable phylogenetic tree of the surrounding population and showed an important geographic barrier role for these mountains to gene flow from neighboring regions and free movements of the local people. Moreover, the important role of the Zagros Mountains as a geographic barrier to gene flow from neighboring regions clearly highlighted in this research
Mh Fallah Mehrabadi , Ar Bahonar, F Zaynolabedini Tehrani , M Vasfi Marandi , A Sadrzadeh, Sa Ghafouri, M Meshkat, F Masror,
Volume 10, Issue 4 (3-2015)
Abstract
Background and Objectives : Influenza is an acute, contagious, and zoonotic viral disease. It is caused by a virus of the Orthomyxoviridae family. This very infectious is caused by different subtypes of type A influenza virus in the poultry, turkey, and many other birds. In this study, the serum status of rural domestic poultry was investigated for influenza subtype H9N2.
Methods: This cross sectional study was done from August to October in 2013 in Iranian villages through sampling domestic poultry. The sampling was accidental and was done based on the GIS 11-digit code. In each village, blood samples were taken from at least 28 birds from different species. Then, ELISA was used for screening followed by the HI test. A total of 397 villages and 11546 birds (10145 chickens, 1413 ducks, 397 turkeys, 10 pigeons, and 175 other species) were sampled.
Results : Three hindered and forty nine (88%) out of 397 villages were positive on ELISA. In addition, 341 villages (86%) were positive and 56 (14%) were negative on the HI test for antibody titers. Also, among the considered variables, weather was a risk factor and the prevalence was significantly lower in villages near the rivers, lagoons and lakes (up to a radius of 3 Km).
Conclusion: The high seroprevalence of influenza H9N2 in rural domestic poultry indicates that the disease is becoming endemic. As there is no eradication policy for influenza H9N2 in Iran, using effective vaccines can reduce the infection with influenza virus in domestic and rural poultry.
E Akhondzadeh, P Yavari, Y Mehrabi, A Kabir,
Volume 11, Issue 1 (6-2015)
Abstract
Background and Objectives : Various studies have reported different survival rates of patients with gastric cancer in Iran, and there is no overall estimate of the survival rate. The aim of this study was to conduct a meta-analysis of one, three, and five-year survival rate of patients with gastric cancer in Iran.
Methods: In this study, all of the national databases including Iran Medex, Magiran, SID, and Medlib and the English databases including Google Scholar and PubMed were searched by using the keywords “stomach cancer”, “survival rate” and other Persian and English synonymous keywords, in the period 1392-1339 . Then, all articles with inclusion criteria and acceptable quality were investigated. Der Simonian and Laird random effects models were used to combine the results of all studies. Other analyses including subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis, and assessment of publication bias were performed by using the funnel plot, and Beg’s and Egger’s tests. Finally, the data was analyzed using STATA software.
Results: Of the 235 articles found in the initial search, nine studies were eligible for this study. According to these studies, one, three and five-years survival rate of patients with gastric cancer was 0.57 (95% CI: 0.45-0.70), 0.29 (95% CI: 0.22-0.37), 0.17 (95% CI: 0.13-0.21), respectively.
Conclusion : Researches conducted in different parts of Iran are limited and there are no exact statistics on the survival rate in other parts of Iran. Therefore, further studies in the whole country are required to obtain more precise estimates of the survival and factors affecting it.
Mr Ghadirzadeh, A Shojaei, A Khademi, M Khodadoost, M Kandi, F Alaeddini, S Moradi,
Volume 11, Issue 2 (9-2015)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: The number of road traffic accidents (RTAs) and their mortality are increasing in the world. In Iran, RTAs have caused life losses and economical damages. Death is the most important consequence of the accidents in terms of social, economic, and even political expenditures. This paper reports the statistics of the mortality status in the last decade.
Methods: A 10-year study was conducted on national and provincial data of the last decade collected by Legal Medicine Research Center. The population information provided by the National Center of Statistics was used. SPSS 15.5 and Microsoft Office Excel 2007 were used for data analysis.
Results: Between 2001 and 2010, the annual average of 34.6 per hundred thousand people were killed in traffic accidents, more than 80% of the casualties are men. The highest number of deaths and injuries was observed in 2005 and the lowest occurred in 2001. RTAs had a descending trend trough the last decade but the rate of injuries increased. The death rates in Semnan, Qazvin, and Kerman were the highest and in Tehran, Ardabil, and West Azarbaijan were the lowest.
Conclusion: Although mortality rates due to RTAs declined during the last four years of the study period, direct and indirect costs of deaths resulting from RTAs in Iran are a sign of crisis.
F Moghaddas, F Yousefi , F Bagheri, M Mohammadi , F Mahdian Arefi , A Beikmohammadi, Mh Emamian,
Volume 11, Issue 2 (9-2015)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Urinary calculi are a common problem worldwide. The pattern of fluid consumption in healthy people and patients with renal calculi is not totally clear. The aim of this study was to determine the association between the amount of fluids intake and urinary calculi.
Methods: In this case-control study, cases were the patients with urinary calculi admitted to Emam-Hossein Hospital, Shahroud, Iran. The controls were selected among the patients admitted to other wards of the hospital except for dialysis and ICU wards. The association between independent variables and urinary calculi was investigated using logistic regression analysis.
Results: A total of 127 people (60 cases and 67 controls) participated in this study. The mean age of the participants was 44.6 years (SD = 1.7). The mean intake of tea, natural juice, alcohol free beer, and total fluid intake were higher in cases compare to controls. In participants with a negative history of urinary calculi, the total intake of fluid (P=0.021) and natural juice (P=0.006) was higher in cases. The male gender (OR=3.2), higher BMI (OR=1.2), and a positive family history of urinary calculi (OR=3.5) were associated with renal calculi in a multivariate logistic regression model, while the milk intake (OR=0.995) was a protective factor in this model.
Conclusion: Milk intake is a protective factor and the male gender, higher BMI and a positive family history are the risk factors for urinary calculi.
K Sayehmiri, M Azami, S Nikpey, M Borji, F Sayehmiri ,
Volume 11, Issue 3 (11-2015)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: In this regard, in addition to reducing exposure, the most effective way to prevent hepatitis B is vaccination. The coverage of hepatitis B vaccination in the Iranian Health Personnel is reportedly different in various studies and there is not an overall estimate of it. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the immune response to hepatitis B vaccine among Iranian Health Personnel using the meta-analysis method.
Methods: This study was a systematic review of the Iranian databases, including Magiran, Iran Medex, IRANDOC, SID, MEDLIB and international databases, including Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect and the Google Scholar search engine without any time limit to 2015 using standard Persian and English keywords. Searches were conducted by two researchers independently. Meta-analysis was performed using STATA, version 11.1 to combine data through Random Effects Model.
Results: We evaluated 6311 subjects in 21 studies. The history of injection and complete coverage of hepatitis B vaccination in the Health Personnel was 86.9% (CI: 95%, 83-90.7) and 70.3% (CI: 95%, 65.6-75), respectively. The minimum and maximum vaccination coverage were related to the North (52.7%) and West of Iran (87.2%), respectively.
Conclusion: The coverage of hepatitis B vaccination in Iranian Health Personnel is less than European countries, which requires new management strategies and policies to maximize hepatitis B vaccination in high risk professional groups.
M Mehrolhassani, B Najafi, V Yazdi Feyzabadi , Aa Haghdoost, M Abolhallaje, M Ansari, R Dehnavieh, M Ramezanian, F Kouhi, M Jafari, Lashkari M,
Volume 12, Issue 0 (3-2017)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditure is one of the main indicators in health financing, indicating risk pooling and risk spreading. This study aimed to calculate the total health expenditure (THE), the THE per capita and share of OOP in each province from 2008 to 2014.
Methods: The present cross-sectional study was done by collecting provincial health expenditure data from public and private organizations during 2008-2014. The data were approved by board of trustees or board of directors in each organization. The relevant data on household health expenditures were collected from the Statistical Centre of Iran, as well.
Results: Even though the absolute monetary value (IRR) of OOP in the study years showed an increase, it decreased from 51.9% in 2008 to 40.6% in 2014 in terms of share. The absolute monetary value (IRR) of THE and THE per capita increased about 3.5 times in all provinces. So, during the study years, Tehran and Sistan and Baluchistan Provinces had the highest and lowest absolute monetary values (IRR) in THE per capita and this difference increased from 2.12 million Rials in 2008 to 10.56 million Rials in 2014.
Conclusion: Although the share of OOP decreased in all provinces in the country during the study years, it is still far from the objective of the national development plans (30% OOP). In order to improve the study indices and reduce the provincial inequity, it is suggested to put more emphasis on prepaid-based mechanisms, insurance system improvement, and equitable distribution of financial resources should be compatible with the deprivation of the area and its infrastructures.
V Yazdi Feyzabadi , Mh Mehrolhassani, Aa Haghdoost, M Bahrampour,
Volume 12, Issue 0 (3-2017)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: One of the fair financial protection indexes in monitoring health systems is estimating impoverishment due to health care expenditure. The aim of this study was to measure the percentage of households impoverished due to out-of-pocket(OOP) payments in Iran provinces during2008-2014.
Methods: The present retrospective descriptive study was conducted based on data from Household Income and Expenditure Survey in both rural and urban households. The proportion of households that moved below the poverty line after deducting health care costs was calculated. The poverty line for urban and rural areas was calculated based on household food expenditure. To show the provincial dispersion of the index during this period, the coefficient of variation(CV) was used. Mann-WhitneyU test and descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data.
Results: Golestan, North Khorasan, and Kerman had the highest impoverishment rate due to OOP Moreover, Alborz, Tehran, and Bushehr had the lowest impoverishment rate due to OOP. In all the study years, the average impoverishment due to OOP was significantly higher in rural areas compared to urban areas. Provincial dispersion CV for this index did not have a constant trend.
Conclusion: The results of this study provide valuable evidence for policy-makers to estimate the impact of OOPs on household impoverishment. In order to reduce impoverishment due to OOP, supportive targeted interventions for vulnerable and low-income households, especially rural households, in addition to decreasing the share of OOP, are essential, such as developing health subsidies and improving insurance service packages.
V Yazdi Feyzabadi, M Bahrampour, A Rashidian, Aa Haghdoost, M Abolhallaje, B Najafi, Mr Akbari Javar , Mh Mehrolhassani,
Volume 12, Issue 0 (3-2017)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) is a key indicator for measuring households' financial protection in the health system. This study was conducted to measure the incidence and intensity of CHE in Iranian provinces 2008-2014.
Methods: When the out-of-pocket (OOP) spending of each household amounts to at least 40% of the household's capacity to pay, it is called a catastrophe. The incidence of CHE in Iranian provinces was estimated using the data obtained from household-expenditure-and-income-surveys. The intensity was calculated as the average extent to which OOPs exceeded the 40% threshold. Descriptive statistics and Mann-WhitneyU test were used for data analysis. The index of disparity(ID) was also calculated for geographical disparities across the provinces.
Results: On average, the lowest and highest CHE incidence and intensity were seen in Fars and South Khorasan provinces respectively. However, the highest and lowest rate for CHE households that actually experienced catastrophe at the 40% threshold belonged to Fars and Kurdistan provinces. The incidence of CHE in rural was more than urban areas. ID of CHE incidence for targeted amount was high and had no constant trend.
Conclusion: CHE incidence had a remarkable difference in different provinces and in the rural area compared to the urban area. Due to the importance of this index in promoting health financial protection, like indexes such as OOP, its distribution in rural and urban areas as well as in different provinces is considerable. It requires a structured format to identify the disadvantaged and low-income groups and provide financial-support and insurance for them.
Gh Moradi, M Sehat, Aa Haghdoost, M Karami, R Chaman, Z Khazaei, E Goudarzi, M Asadi Lari, E Mostafavi, K Holakouie Naieni ,
Volume 12, Issue 0 (3-2017)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Epidemiology is a tool and a field of science which provides evidences necessary to make decisions. It is known as one of the basic sciences of public health. This study aimed to identify strategies for the promotion of epidemiology by Iranian Epidemiological Association so that people graduated in this field would become able to play an effective and positive role in different parts of the country.
Methods: This study was conducted in 2015. The views and opinions of the members of Iranian Epidemiological Association were collected by email. The views of the members were classified using qualitative methods.
Results: The results of this study helped to identify some of the strategies for the promotion of the position of epidemiology in Iran’s health system by the members of Iranian Epidemiological Association.
Conclusion: Iranian Epidemiological Association can play a more effective role in the promotion of epidemiology in the health system. Effective communication with the members, holding group meetings, advocacy and negotiation, reporting the activities of the Association continuously, identifying national problems and seeking solutions are some of the strategies that can help to enhance the role of the Association and promote the position of epidemiologists in Iran.
A Ahmadi, H Soori, Y Mehrabi, K Etemad,
Volume 12, Issue 1 (6-2016)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Determining and monitoring the age at myocardial infarction (MI) and its comparison in various regions is one of the vital and basic principles for the management of MI.This study was conducted to determine the age at the first MI in Iran.
Methods: In this cross-sectional, analytical study at a national level, the data of 20750 new MI patients registered in 2012 in 31 provinces of Iran according to the cardiologist’s diagnosis, World Health Organization criteria, and the codes ICD10: I21-I22 were used. The calculations were done using the Stata 12 software.
Results: The mean±SD of age at the first MI was 61.2±13.4 years in all patients in Iran. Moreover, 15033 (72.4%) patients were male with a mean age of 59.6±13.3 years. The mean age at MI in men was lower than women (65.4±12.6 years), showing a statistical significance (P<0.001).The mean age at MI was different among Iran provinces, with a statistical significance (P<0.001). The lowest mean age at the first MI was seen in the patients living in Semnan (59.1±12.9 years), followed by Tehran (60.4±13.5 years), Sistan va Balouchestan (60.3±13.9 years), and Lorestan (60.1±14.5 years), with a significant difference from the mean age of the patients in Ardabil (63.2±15.1 years) and Zanjan (64.4±112.8 years) (P<0.019).
Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that the age at MI was approximately five years younger in men than women. This studyprovided the ground for monitoring the age at MI, and more effective management of cardiovascular diseases in Iran.
