Showing 23 results for Sic
Hr Koohestani, N Baghcheghi, K Rezaei, A Abedi, A Seraji, S Zand,
Volume 7, Issue 2 (9-2011)
Abstract
مقدمه و اهداف: در اغلب موارد دانشجویان پرستاری در بالین مورد خشونت فیزیکی و کلامی قرار میگیرند. اگر چه در مطالعات قبلی خشونت علیه پرستاران مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است ولی با این حال توجه بسیار کمی به بررسی خشونت نسبت به دانشجویان پرستاری شده است. هدف از این مطالعه تعیین شیوع و ابعاد خشونت محل کار نسبت به دانشجویان پرستاری در محیط بالینی است.
روش کار: در این مطالعه توصیفی، 271 دانشجوی پرستاری با روش سرشماری شرکت کردند. اطلاعات با استفاده از پرسشنامهای که با روش اعتبار محتوا و آزمون و آزمون مجدد مورد پایایی و روایی قرار گرفت، جمعآوری گردید.
نتایج: به طور کلی به ترتیب 9/74 % و 38/7% از دانشجویان سابقه خشونت کلامی، فیزیکی را در طی سال گذشته داشتند. اکثر خشونتهای فیزیکی توسط بیماران صورت گرفته بود در حالی که بیشتر خشونت کلامی توسط همراهان بیمار صورت گرفته بود. به ترتیب بیشترین پاسخ به خشونت کلامی و فیزیکی این واکنش بود که "متقابلاً داد و بیداد کردم" و "به مربی یا مافوق خود گزارش دادم". از دیدگاه دانشجویان پرستاری شایعترین عامل مساعدکننده خشونت محل کار، کمبود آگاهی مردم در خصوص وظایف دانشجو در بیمارستانها بود. بین جنس و ترم تحصیلی دانشجویان با خشونت رابطه معنی داری یافت نشد.
نتیجهگیری: دانشجویان پرستاری اغلب در محیط کارآموزی مورد خشونت قرار میگیرند. باید راههای پیشگیری از خشونت و همچنین نحوه واکنش به خشونت به دانشجویان پرستاری آموزش داده شود و این مباحث در سرفصل درسی دانشجویان پرستاران گنجانده شود.
A Khorrami Rad, M Karami, Z Abedini,
Volume 7, Issue 4 (3-2012)
Abstract
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Background & Objectives: Epidemiological
surveillance of infectious diseases through the mandatory-reporting system is
crucial for disease prevention program and success in it related to physician,
partnership. The aim of this study was to identify statues of notification
system among general practitioners (physicians) in Qom.
Methods: In this analytical cross section study
a self-administered questionnaire was used to assess knowledge and attitude of
notifiable diseases, self-reported practices, reasons for noncompliance with
reporting requirements, and suggestions to improve compliance. A total 140
general physicians completed the questionnaire. Appropriate statistical
analyses were performed.
Results: 14/3% and 13/6% had a good knowledge
and attitude about notification and only 47% had good performance. There was
significant association between the participants' self-reported practices and
knowledge total scores and participating in continuing medical education. The
major barrier of reporting notifiable diseases was poor knowledge of the list
of reportable diseases and reporting requirements. The most frequent
suggestions for improving physicians' compliance with disease reporting were to
simplify the reporting process and giving awareness about list of notifiable
diseases.
Conclusion: Our findings suggest inappropriate
knowledge, attitude and practices about disease notification requirements among
GPs. Modifying physisicans' knowledge and motivation, eliminating barriers to
disease reporting, and promoting some facilitating factors could help reduce
the underreporting of notifiable diseases.
T Amiri Parsa, M Khademosharie, Mr Hamedinia, Ms Azarnive,
Volume 9, Issue 4 (3-2014)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Obesity is associated with increased resistance to insulin, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hyperinsulinemia, and cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of this study was to investigate some factors associated with overweight and obesity among normal, overweight, and obese women aged 30 to 50 years from Sabzevar.
Methods: A questionnaire with 56 questions was prepared. The Beck questionnaire was used to measure the physical activity level. Weight, height, and waist circumference of the participants were measured using standard methods. Overweight (BMI ≥25 kg/m2), obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m) and abdominal obesity (WHR ≥0.85) were also evaluated. MANOVA, Tukey post-hoc test, Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients, Kruskal-Wallis and chi-square test were used for the statistical analysis of test variables. P ≤0.05 was considered significant.
Results: The results showed that 22.5% of women had normal weight, 42.4 percent were overweight, 31.6 percent were obese, and only 3.5 percent of women were underweight.
Conclusion: Our results showed that the prevalence of overweight and obesity was 74% in women living in Sabzevar, indicating the necessity of using educational methods to familiarize people, especially women, with weight control issues and prevention of obesity. The findings revealed that age, number of children, number of pregnancies, age at menarche, number of family members, working with the computer, and high-fat meals may increase the risk of obesity. Lifestyle modification and physical activity, as the most affordable and safest methods of preventing obesity, require more attention.
Ar Baghestani, A Teymourpour, Y Bashiri,
Volume 11, Issue 1 (6-2015)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: In the analysis of mortality trend in the Iran that is basically a sequences of observations sorted by time, there is a point where the statistical properties of the mortality trend change so that the first k0 observations have a distribution of F0 and other n-k0 observations have a distribution of F1. The point k0 is unknown and called the change point. The aim of this paper was to detect the location of the change point and estimate it in the real mortality data of the country.
Methods: In this study, Xt indicated the number of mortality in time t (year) and because of the numeric nature of the variable, we considered the Poisson model for the variable Xt.
We assumed in early years (t0), Xt had a Poisson distribution with a mean of ʎ0 and for later years (t>k0), Xt had a Poisson distribution with a mean of ʎ1 .In theory, we used the MIC method, a modification of the SIC method. For detecting more than one change point, we used the binary segmentation process in the mortality trend.
Results: The results showed that the change point occurred in 1993 and 1997.
Conclusion: The finding of this study showed three periods with different rates in the mortality trend of Iran.
V Yazdi Feyzabadi , Mh Mehrolhasani, Mr Baneshi, S Mirzaei, N Oroomiei,
Volume 13, Issue 0 (3-2018)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Urban family physician program(UFPP), a program for improving equity in access to, financing, and quality of health services, is piloting in two provinces of Fars and Mazandaran, Iran since 2012. This study aimed to examine the association between the implementation of program and financial protection measures.
Methods: This cross-sectional, ecological study was performed on aggregated data of financial protection measures and some independent variables in the above provinces from 2008 to 2015. At first, the Lasso regression model was used for selecting independent variables affecting financial protection indexes. After adjusting the selected independent variables, in separate models, the association between the UFPP and financial protection measures, as outcome variables, was examined using a backward linear regression model.
Results: The percentage of households facing catastrophic health expenditure(CHE) in the years of UFPP implementation was 1.82% higher than the years before implementation(P<0.05). This increase was 1.37% in rural areas. the percentage of medical impoverishment in the two provinces increased by 0.83% during the implementation years than the years before(P<0.05). Finally, no significant relationship was observed between UFPP implementation and the Kakwani index and out of pocket payment(as % of total health expenditure) in the two provinces(P>0.05).
Conclusion: Despite the achievements attained by UFPP in improving physical access to health services, it seems that this program has had no success in improving financial protection measures and equitable health care financing. However, further research is warranted in this regard.
M Haji Aghajani , Aa Haghdoost, S Noori Hekmat , Gh Janbabaee, A Maher, Am Javadi, R Rahimisadegh, Mr Rajabalipour, H Haghighi, R Dehnavieh, S Emadi,
Volume 13, Issue 0 (3-2018)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The imbalance between the existing human resources and future needs of the health system disturb the service delivery process. The present study aimed at determining human resources needs in the health sector for a 10-year planning program. For this purpose, the researchers examined the geographical distribution of different groups of health system staff in 2016 and 2026.
Methods: This descriptive-analytic study was carried out in 2016. The population of this study included 46 universities of medical sciences. Data of the number and distribution of health care staff working in public, private, charity, and semi-public sectors of medical departments of medical universities were collected. The Qlik View software was used for data integration and designing information dashboards.
Results: At the beginning of 2016, the ratio of nurses, nursing groups, midwives, pharmacists, dentistry and general physician per 100,000 individuals was 133, 199, 32, 17, 22, and 53 respectively, which are estimated to reach 223, 272, 37, 26, 27, and 79 in 2025, respectively. The coefficient of dispersion variation of the above was 39%, 32%, 43%, 33%, 43%, and 44% in 2016, respectively, which are estimated to reduce by 2026 if the Iran medical roadmap is implemented.
Conclusion: The high dispersion index of the medical personnel relative to the population in the cities covered by medical universities indicates unbalanced distribution. If the estimates of the Iran's 2026 medical roadmap are implemented, more appropriate distribution of the medical staff is expected.
V Kohpeima Jahromi , R Dehnavieh, Mh Mehrolhasani,
Volume 13, Issue 0 (3-2018)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Due to lack of proper health system coverage in cities, the urban family physician program began as pilot in two provinces in Iran. Decision on developing the program to other provinces requires a comprehensive assessment. The study aimed to evaluate the program in Iran.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2015 and 2016 in two provinces (Fars and Mazandaran). The data of 141 family physicians working in health centers and 710 patients were collected using a questionnaire. A multi-stage sampling method was used for the samples. Data analysis was performed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods.
Results: 81% of the workload of family physicians in a week was patient visits. Co-payment in second and third levels was a real obstacle for some patients. The majority of the patients could receive their required healthcare facilities in up to 40 minutes. Software programs were infrequently used. Patients were visited by their physicians 5.5 times in a week. The mean duration of each patient visit was less than 10 minutes in 80% of the cases. Referral rate was reported by 14% (Fars= 21.8%, Mazandaran= 4%). 30 out of 45 medical devices were available to family physicians on average.
Conclusion: Although the program has been successful in areas such as access to health services and comprehensiveness of care, there are some challenges in coordination and continuity of care. Therefore, it is suggested that the root causes of these challenges be resolved prior to extending this program to other provinces.
R Sahebi, Sa Motevalian, L Sahebi, H Sharifi,
Volume 13, Issue 2 (9-2017)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the intrinsic estimator method and the age, period and cohort accounting model used for identifying age, period, and cohort trends in incidence, prevalence, and mortality rates.
Methods: The data of 2 studies " Age, Period, and Cohort Effects on Alcohol and Drug use Among Students of Tehran University of Medical Sciences from 2006 to 2009" and "The Role of Age, Period, and Cohort Effects on Smoking among the Students of Tehran University of Medical Science "were used. First the age, period and cohort accounting model and then The IE method are explained, their advantages and disadvantages are discussed, and their results are compared.
Results: Both methods showed an increasing, decreasing, and increasing trend for age, cohort, and cohort effect for the prevalence of smoking. IE could predict a preventing effect for an early age factor for smoking. In the descriptive model, a decreasing trend was seen from old cohorts to younger cohorts in nearly all age groups. However, the IE method did not show any cohort effects for alcohol consumption in female studnets.
Conclusion: Currently, the IE method is the best method for solving linear dependence between three variables of age, birth cohort, and period in this type of studies. However, researchers should use it with caution because it has many pitfalls.
J Mohammadi Bolbanabad , A Mohammadi Bolbanabad , S Valiee, N Esmailnasab, F Bidarpour, G Moradi,
Volume 15, Issue 1 (5-2019)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The Family Physician (FP) plan was implemented in rural areas and cities with a population of less than 20000 in 2005. The purpose of this study was to explain the challenges and obstacles of¬ the Rural Family Physician Program in Kurdistan Province from the perspective of stakeholders.
Methods: This qualitative study was conducted using 30 semi-structured interviews and 5 focused group discussions (FGD) with stakeholders of the FP plan from June 2017 to Jan 2018. The participants were selected through a purposive sampling method with maximum variation. The contents of the interviews and FGD were categorized by the content analysis method using MAXQDA10 software (V. 10).
Results: The challenges and obstacles of the FP plan were categorized into 16 subcategories and 5 main categories. The main categories were stewardship challenges, service delivery challenges, cultural and educational challenges, human resource challenges, and infrastructure challenges. The most important subcategories of these challenges included weaknesses in policy-making, formation of laws and regulations, weaknesses in insurance performance, weaknesses in intra-sector coordination, weaknesses in the referral system, weaknesses in communicating the plan to the community, low survival of physicians, inadequate motivational mechanisms, and weaknesses in the information system.
Conclusion: The rural FP plan faces many challenges that require multi-dimensional interventions. Identifying the challenges of the FP plan from the perspective of its stakeholders can help to gradually improve the plan.
M Pourranjbar, H Jamalizadeh, M Mehrtash, K Divsalar,
Volume 15, Issue 2 (9-2019)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Menopause is one of the most sensitive events in a woman's life. Health improvement in this period can bring women a better quality of life and has many effects. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between the level of physical activity and the level of health of postmenopausal women in Kerman Province.
Methods: A total of 536 postmenopausal women were selected from Kerman province. The Goldberg’s General Health Questionnaire was used to measure the level of health and the general physical activity questionnaire (GPAQ) was applied to determine the amount of physical activity. The formula for measuring body mass index was used for BMI. Ultimately, the Spearman, Kruskal Wallis, and Bonferroni statistics were used because the data distribution was not normal.
Results: The amount of physical activity in postmenopausal women in Kerman Province was lower than the WHO recommended. There was a significant relationship between physical activity with the level of health (r = 259), (P≤0.001). Moreover, BMI and health level had an inverse relationship (-0.186) (P≤0.001).
Conclusion: Based on the results, a significant relationship was found between physical activity and general health status of postmenopausal women. Considering the effect of physical activity on health, it can be concluded that increased physical activity of postmenopausal women in Kerman Province can improve their health and BMI.
A Etebarian Khorasgani , A Ghanbari Khanghah , A Paryad, Z Atrkar Roshan ,
Volume 15, Issue 3 (11-2019)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Lifestyle is a way that a person chooses throughout life and is an indicator that can affect physical and mental health. This study was conducted to determine the lifestyle of people in Rasht and its predictive factors.
Methods: This analytical, cross-sectional study was conducted in 1000 residents of 5 districts of Rasht. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire and the Behavioral Health Questionnaire. SPSS software version 20 was used to analyze the data. Pearson correlation coefficient, independent t-test and linear regression were applied.
Results: The result showed that 50.3% of the participants were male and 49.7% were female. According to lifestyle, the rate of using alcohol, physical activity, breakfast, red meat, fruits, salt, and ready meal was 13.4%, 54.3%, 95.6%, 87.7%, 98.4%, 59.6%, and 45.9%, respectively. The majority of the research units (70.1%) never smoked. The mean sleep time was 7.45 ± 63/1 hours.
Conclusion: Based on the results, promotion of nutritional knowledge, increased awareness of the disadvantages of smoking, availability of healthy food at a reasonable price, and physical activity are important factors for lifestyle improvement.
Z Naghibifar, H Soori, S Eskandari, A Razzaghi, S Khodajarim,
Volume 17, Issue 1 (5-2021)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Quality of life is a valuable indicator for measuring people's health. The purpose of this study was to determine the predictors of quality of life in the staff of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran using the path analysis model.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on subjects participating in the Health Cohort Study of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran in 2018. A demographic information form and standard quality of life, general health, physical activity and burnout scales were used for data collection. The SPSS version 24 and Amos version 24 were used for data analysis.
Results: A total of 770 individuals were selected for the study, of whom 345 (44.8%) were male. The mean age ± standard deviation of the participants was 42.6±8.4. Analysis of the quality of life pathway of the participants showed an appropriate model (RMSEA= 0.014, CFI=0.999, NFI = 0.991, TLI = 0.994, CMIN/DF = 1.146). In addition, general health (0.560) and physical activity (0.078) had a direct correlation and occupational burnout (-0.178) and age (-0.082) had an inverse correlation with quality of life.
Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that factors such as general health, physical activity, and burnout have an impact on the participants. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the factors affecting the quality of life.
M Shami, P Azodi, M Mahmodi, S Najafipour Boushehri, F Jahanpour ,
Volume 17, Issue 1 (5-2021)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Physical activity is one of the most important components of life. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physical activity level of primary school students in Bushehr in 1398.
Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study, the research population included all elementary school students in Bushehr. Four hundred and six students were selected using multi-stage random sampling. The Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children, which is a valid and reliable scale, was used to collect the data. Independent t test, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression model were used for data analysis. Data was analyzed using the SPSS software version 20.
Results: The mean score of physical activity was 3.27±0.84. There was a significant relationship between demographic factors (parents’ education level, participant’s education level and BMI) and physical activity. Students whose parents had higher levels of education were more likely to engage in physical activity and people who were obese had less physical activity.
Conclusion: The students' physical activity was moderate. Given that there is a direct link between physical inactivity and increased prevalence of overweight and obesity, it is important to pay attention to the lifestyle of people, especially children and adolescents who are in the learning age. Therefore, more attention should be paid to improving the level of physical activity in students through education and building a culture.
A Bagheri, M Saadati, N Zanjari, A Shabak,
Volume 18, Issue 1 (5-2022)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Considering the growing trend of aging in Iran, it is necessary to study the factors affecting the health of elderly people. The main purpose of this study was to investigate demographic, social, and economic determinants of self-assessed health of elderly people in Tehran using generalized structural equation model (GSEM).
Methods: The data of the present study was obtained from a cross-sectional study in which 598 elderly people aged 60 years and over were selected from 22 districts of Tehran in 20151394 using stratified multi-stage sampling method and a researcher-made questionnaire was completed for them. The reliability of the questionnaire was also confirmed using and time consistency. To study the determinants of self-assessed health of elderly people, WLSMV and ULSMV estimators of GSEM were compared in Mplus (7.3).
Results: Based on the goodness-of-fit indices, the ULSMV estimator was selected to evaluate factors affecting the self-assessed health of elderly people (RMSEA=0.02, CFI=0.951 and TLI=0.962). The self-assessed health ranks of married and employed elderly people were higher than single (P-value=0.022) and unemployed (P-value=0.048) ones, respectively. An increase in spirituality (P-value=0.016), physical and mental health (P-value=0.001), and health-oriented behavior (P-value=0.016) increased the standard score of self-assessed health of elderly people. Physical and mental health played a complete mediating role in relationships of gender (P-value=0.014), marital status (P-value=0.040), education level (P-value=0.039), self-reported socio-economic status (good/ P-value=0.013 and middle/P-value=0.017) and number of diseases (P-value=0.001) with self-assessed health of elderly people.
Conclusion: According to the results, for policy-making in the field of geritrics, special attention should be paid to structural variables like gender, marital status, education level, and self-reported socio-economic status in addition to physical and mental health.
Mahbuobeh Hojati, Neda Yaqoubieh, Jalal Karimi, Mansour Firouzbakht, Omid Iravani,
Volume 18, Issue 3 (12-2022)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: childhood is the most dangerous period of the life of humans. So, investigating the causes of children's death and preventing them has an essential role in the health and productivity of the family and society. This study aims to investigate the epidemiological factors related to the mortality of under-five years in Isfahan province.
Methods: In this cross-sectional-analytical and retrospective study, the files of 194 children under five years (109 boys and 85 girls) who were referred to Isfahan Legal Medicine Center between 2017 and 2021; were investigated and the causes of death and their demographic and clinical characteristics were extracted. The obtained data were analyzed using the Chi square statistical test and Fisher’s exact test.
Results: In terms of the distribution, unnatural causes of death was, 30.4% died due to domestic incidents, 22.7% died due to chronic diseases, 21.1% died due to vehicle accidents, 17.5% died due to acute diseases, 2.1% Death due to asphyxia, 1.3% death due to sudden death syndrome and 1.3% death due to various causes. There is a statistically significant difference between the cause of death and age group, place of death, disease history and year of death (P<0.05), but there is no statistically significant difference between the cause of death and gender and nationality (P>0.05).
Conclusion: Considering the ability to take preventive measures against child deaths and its trend in the country, it is necessary to make future policies to promote legal investigations to ensure children's health and safety.
Mohammad Sasanipour, Saeedeh Shahbazin,
Volume 19, Issue 1 (6-2023)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: This research aims to investigate the components of Rowe and Kahn's successful aging model, encompassing the absence of disease and disability, high cognitive and physical performance, and active participation in life among the elderly population in Tehran in 2020, considering both genders.
Methods: This study utilized a survey approach, involving a sample of 637 individuals aged 60 years and above in Tehran. The sample was selected using a multi-stage cluster sampling method from 22 districts of Tehran, considering the elderly population in each district. Confirmatory structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed to assess whether Rowe and Kahn's model aligns with the collected data.
Results: The study's findings demonstrated that Rowe and Kahn's model exhibited a strong statistical fit (p<0.01). Factor loadings in the overall population model and among the two genders were statistically significant and varied. Across the three dimensions of successful aging (avoiding disease and disability, maintaining physical and cognitive functioning, and continuing engagement with life), avoiding disease and disability was the most strongly associated with successful aging, regardless of gender. However, in the other two dimensions, the significance and strength of participation in life and physical and cognitive function varied based on gender.
Conclusion: Programs to support the physical health of the elderly, especially in chronic diseases resulting from lifestyle choice should be developed, and increasing active participation should be a priority, which requires interventions in youth and middle age.
Asal Aghadavodian Jolfaee, Maryam Jahanbakhsh, Mohamad Sattari, Roya Kelishadi,
Volume 19, Issue 3 (12-2023)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The present research was conducted to predict mental health based on three factors: nutrition, activity, and leisure time, among students in the adolescent age group, using data mining techniques.
Methods: The present analytical study was conducted on 14274 data available in the Caspian 5 database. According to the CRISP-DM method, data mining was done in 6 steps using decision trees, k nearest neighbors, simple Bayesian and random forest techniques in Rapidminer software.
Results: Among the four data mining techniques used to predict the mental health of adolescents based on nutrition, physical activity and leisure time, the random forest technique has the highest accuracy (91.72) and specificity (82.73) and the k-nearest neighbors technique has the highest sensitivity (96.30). In addition, based on random forest techniques, the rule with the highest level of support showed that an adolescent who is in high school, eats breakfast, lunch, and dinner every day, drinks tea and coffee weekly, exercises 2 hours a week at school,also, he has 4 days of physical activity for 30 minutes in the last week, and he goes to school with the service, with 100% confidence has good mental health.
Conclusion: Based on the random forest technique, which has showen the best performance, nutrition has the greatest impact on the mental health of Iranian adolescents. So, it is necessary to think about providing a suitable platform for training parents and adolescents regarding proper nutrition and increasing awareness in the field of adolescent mental health.
Reza Dehnavyeh, Mohammad Jaafari Sirizi, Vahid Yazdi Feyzabadi, Farzaneh Yousefi, Parisa Dehghanian,
Volume 20, Issue 3 (12-2024)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Paying attention to future changes and preparing for them is one of the requirements of today's world. Personalized medicine as an emerging and expanding change will bring about changes in medical science. Family physicians as the first line of service delivery and health insurance as factors affecting the provision of services will face this issue. The aim of this study was to draw the space for applying this approach in the field of family physicians and the changes it will bring.
Methods: This study has three stages: preparing a presentation file about personalized medicine and formulating questions, holding a meeting with family physicians, completing the questions form as a group, presenting their opinions, and finally, analyzing and summarizing the views of the doctors by the research team.
Results: Implementing personalized medicine will positively affect each of the family physician's functions, including health management, comprehensiveness of services, continuity of service delivery, coordination, and research. However, like any new change in any field, implementing this approach in this part of the health system will be challenging. There are solutions to face these changes and the resulting challenges from the point of view of family doctors.
Conclusion: As one of the essential parts of facing the changes in the health field, family physicians and health insurance should monitor the issues of this field prospectively and prepare themselves to face them. Providing infrastructures according to possible challenges and considering the principles of change management can be a solution for effectively implementing this approach in this field.
Mahla Iranmanesh, Milad Ahmadi Gohari, Aliakbar Haghdoost, Maryam Yazdanpanah, Abbas Kamyabi, Simin Salehinejad, Vahid Yazdi-Feyzabadi,
Volume 20, Issue 4 (3-2025)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: In the field of medicine, job satisfaction holds significant importance, as it plays a vital role in the quality of healthcare services. This study aimed to assess physicians' job satisfaction levels and identify the related factors.
Methods: This cross-sectional survey study was conducted online in 2023 among 1,100 Iranian physicians using a respondent substitution method. Physicians answered the questions regarding themselves and their closest physician friend, with whom they maintain regular contact and interactions. Satisfaction was categorized using a Likert scale into two scales: sufficient satisfaction (very high and high) and insufficient satisfaction (very low, low, and moderate). Factors affecting job satisfaction among physicians were determined using multivariable logistic regression.
Results: Among the 2,200 physicians, 24.9% (547 individuals) of the physicians were satisfied with their profession, while 75.1% (1,653 individuals) had low or moderate (insufficient) satisfaction. The odds of male physicians being satisfied with their profession were 1.54 times higher than female physicians. Factors including interest in medicine, the amount of time spent practicing medicine, sufficient income, low occupational stress, high job stability, no reduction in professional autonomy compared to the past, migration status, time dedicated to practicing medicine in public and private sectors as well as in academic activities, pursuing further education, and the physician’s income were all positively and significantly correlated to job satisfaction (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Job satisfaction among Iranian physicians is significantly influenced by various factors such as interest in medicine, adequate income, job stability, and reduced job stress. The highest level of satisfaction was observed among male physicians. Improving working conditions and reducing job stress are essential to improving job satisfaction and the quality of healthcare services.
Maryam Gholamarzaei, Marjan Ajami, Sareh Shakerian,
Volume 21, Issue 3 (12-2025)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Considering the importance of prevention and effective community-based interventions in reducing the psychological and economic burdens of cancers, and focusing on modifiable risk factors, the present study was designed and conducted with regard to several of these factors.
Methods: This case-control study included 211 patients with various types of cancer and 322 controls selected from the PARSA health system. Primary exposures of interest included fast food consumption, fruit and vegetable intake, and physical activity. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used to assess physical activity levels, while the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) was used to measure fast food and fruit and vegetable consumption. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests, independent t-tests, and logistic regression were used for analysis.
Results: Logistic regression analysis indicated that inadequate fruit and vegetable consumption compared to adequate intake was associated with odds ratios of 4.49 and 4.042, respectively, for increased cancer risk. In addition, lower fast food consumption (OR = 0.466)] was associated with a 53% reduction in cancer risk. Physical activity [at the walking level] was statistically significant, although the effect size was very weak. Occupation, gender, education level, family history, and age showed statistically significant relationships with cancer, while other demographic variables showed no significant association.
Conclusion: Based on the findings of the current study and other evidence, as well as the fact that dietary patterns and physical activity are modifiable risk factors, appropriate interventions can play a preventive role in reducing the incidence of chronic diseases. This requires improving community awareness and designing and implementing effective interventions.
