Showing 6 results for Alcohol
A Motevalian, R Sahebi, A Rahimi Movaghar , M Yunesian,
Volume 11, Issue 2 (9-2015)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: The aim of the study was to determine age, period, and cohort effects on trend of alcohol and drug use in the students of Tehran University of Medical Sciences from 2006 to 2009.
Methods: Between 2006 and 2009, the students of Tehran University of Medical Sciences were surveyed annually using a structured self-administered and anonymous questionnaire. Intrinsic estimator, which is a new method for resolving linear dependency between age, period, and cohort in linear regression models, was used for data analysis.
Results: In the present study, in the descriptive method, the prevalence of alcohol consumption increased in males and females with an increase in age. The prevalence of illicit drug use was higher in 2007 in comparison with other periods for males and females. In the analytical method (intrinsic estimator), there were no age, period and cohort effects for alcohol and drug use for females. For males, the age effect exhibited an increasing-decreasing-increasing trend and period and cohort effects showed a decreasing trend for alcohol use. As for drug use, the age effect exhibited gradual increases. The period effect displayed an increasing-decreasing trend and the cohort effect exhibited an increasing-decreasing-increasing trend.
Conclusion: The IE method showed no age, period and cohort effects for alcohol and drug use in females. The prevalence of drug and alcohol use increased with an increase in age in males. The high prevalence of drug use could be due to easy accessibility and low price of drugs.
H Rafiemanesh , A Rahimi Movaghar , S Nedjat, A Noroozi, K Yazdani,
Volume 13, Issue 2 (9-2017)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: People with high risk alcohol use disorders are influenced by behaviors that have devastating consequences for them and those around them. The main objective for alcohol screening is to identify people with alcohol use disorders, or people who are at high risk for progression to these disorders. Several screening tools have been designed for this purpose. The aim of this study was to introduce and review important screening tools for identification of alcohol use disorders and problems in the world.
Methods: In this narrative review study, we searched the Web of Science (ISI), PubMed, and Scopus databases using Alcohol, Tools or Instruments, Test, Problem, Use and Use disorder as keywords for finding screening tools for identification of alcohol use problems and disorders. Finally, 10 instruments were introduced.
Results: The most common screening tools for identification of alcohol use disorders and problems were Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT), CAGE, Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (MAST), as well as T-ACE and TWEAK that are specifically used for evaluation of alcohol consumption in pregnant women. The short forms of the AUDIT, RAPS, POSIT, and CRAFFT are other tests for alcohol consumption.
Conclusion: Several screening tools have been designed for identification of alcohol use disorders and problems; therefore, n appropriate screening test should be selected and implemented with regards to the purpose of screening, research questions, and study population.
A Etebarian Khorasgani , A Ghanbari Khanghah , A Paryad, Z Atrkar Roshan ,
Volume 15, Issue 3 (11-2019)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Lifestyle is a way that a person chooses throughout life and is an indicator that can affect physical and mental health. This study was conducted to determine the lifestyle of people in Rasht and its predictive factors.
Methods: This analytical, cross-sectional study was conducted in 1000 residents of 5 districts of Rasht. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire and the Behavioral Health Questionnaire. SPSS software version 20 was used to analyze the data. Pearson correlation coefficient, independent t-test and linear regression were applied.
Results: The result showed that 50.3% of the participants were male and 49.7% were female. According to lifestyle, the rate of using alcohol, physical activity, breakfast, red meat, fruits, salt, and ready meal was 13.4%, 54.3%, 95.6%, 87.7%, 98.4%, 59.6%, and 45.9%, respectively. The majority of the research units (70.1%) never smoked. The mean sleep time was 7.45 ± 63/1 hours.
Conclusion: Based on the results, promotion of nutritional knowledge, increased awareness of the disadvantages of smoking, availability of healthy food at a reasonable price, and physical activity are important factors for lifestyle improvement.
B Damari, M Chegeni, I Esmaili, H Sarrami, H Almadani, H Narenjiha, F Minaee, M Ahmadi Pishkuhi ,
Volume 15, Issue 4 (1-2020)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Alcohol consumption among various occupations' staff leads to many problems. Therefore, due to the importance of the issue, this comprehensive study was conducted to determine the prevalence of alcohol consumption among industrial workers.
Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, the data were collected using a structured questionnaire through interview based on the workers’ self-reports. The participants included 13,128 workers across the country selected by multi-stage cluster sampling according to the population of labor workers and industrial centers in each province. The data were reported according to the consumption prevalence in the 10 spatial planning zones.
Results: In the optimistic situation, wokers in Ardebil (10.7%), Kermanshah (10.6%) and Guilan (7.1%) reported the highest frequency of alcohol consumption. The country’s mean prevalence of current consumption was 3.2% and the prevalence of alcohol consumption in life was up to 12.4% in the workers.
Conclusion: The data are based on the self-report of the participants. Therefore, the estimated prevalence rate is considered optimistic and below the actual prevalence. In the work environments of the country, especially in provinces with the highest frequency, special policies and interventions are needed to reduce the prevalence of alcohol consumption and minimize the harms caused by it.
Mohammadreza Balooch Hasankhani, Aliakbar Haghdoost, Yunes Jahani,
Volume 19, Issue 2 (9-2023)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Time trend analysis of factors such as disease and mortality rates is a crucial component of health planning for any community. It allows for a more accurate interpretation of changes over time. This study was conducted to examine the performance of the Joinpoint regression model in analyzing time trends.
Methods: This study aims to first provide a simplified understanding of the Joinpoint regression model and then demonstrate its application on data regarding the 30-year trends of liver cancer mortality due to alcohol consumption in Iran.
Results: The results of the time trend analysis indicate that the age-standardized mortality rate of liver cancer due to alcohol use consumption has decreased by an average of 0.8% per year over the 30-year period in Iran (1990 to 2019). The projections also suggest that this declining trend will continue.
Conclusion: In general, the main advantage of the Joinpoint regression model over other models is its ability to identify periods where significant changes in trends have occurred. Based on the results, the mortality rate of liver cancer due to alcohol use consumption over the 30-year period in Iran can be divided into five periods with different rates of change.
Elham Davtalab Esmaeil, Ali Hossein Zeinalzadeh, Leila R. Kalankesh, Alireza Ghaffari, Saeed Dastgiri,
Volume 20, Issue 2 (9-2024)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The present study aimed to assess the prevalence and familial aggregation pattern of alcohol consumption among father-offspring, mother-offspring, siblings, and spouses in Tabriz city, and to investigate the associated risk factors.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2023 on 860 individuals in Tabriz city. The heads of households were selected as proband individuals. Conveniently, probands were recruited from daily visitors, and upon agreeing to participate, their first-degree relatives (spouse and children) were also invited to join in. Data were collected using standard self-reported questionnaires. Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) were employed to assess family aggregation among father- offspring, mother-offspring, and siblings.
Results: No significant of familial aggregation alcohol consumption was observed between spouses (OR=0.54 (0.16-1.8)). Although familial aggregation was observed between mothers and children, this was not statistically significant (OR=1.54 (0.8-2.94)). There was a significant familial aggregation of alcohol consumption between fathers and children (OR=1.98 (1.08-2.5)). Among siblings, familial aggregation was not statistically significant (OR=1.38 (0.41-4.63)).
Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, family members play an important role in influencing the alcohol consumption behaviors of other family members. Additionally, individuals with lower socioeconomic status, those who are divorced, and singles may be more appropriate targets for alcohol consumption screening programs.
