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Epidemiological Survey of Salmonella in Rural Cats: A Survey of Serotype, Presence of spv R and spv B Genes, and Antibiotic Resistance Pattern
S Namroodi , H Staji, E Mazandarani,
Volume 12, Issue 3 (10-2016)
Abstract

Background and Objectives: Salmonella spp. are one of the most important zoonotic agents with a worldwide distribution. Asymptomatic cats which may excrete Salmonella. spp for weeks can play important role in environmental contamination. The aim of this study was to access the role of rural cats in dissemination of Salmonella. spp.

Methods: Salmonella excretion was evaluated in 170 samples (rectal swabs) of apparently healthy rural cats from Golestan and Mazandaran provinces using PCR and conventional microbial culture tests. After serotyping, the presence of spv R and spv B genes and the antibiotic resistance pattern of isolated Salmoella spp. were surveyed.

Results: Out of 170 samples, 25 (14.7%) cases with Salmonella spp., including: 13 (52%) cases of S enteritidis, 7(28%) cases of S Dublin, and 5 (20%) cases of S typhymurium were recovered.

The presence of spv R and spv B genes was detected in 5 out of 25 isolated Salmonella spp. The highest resistance of isolated Salmonella spp. was to Streptomycin, Lincospectin, and Tetracycline. The rate of Salmonella isolation was similar in male and female rural cats and also Golestan and Mazandaran provinces.

Conclusion: Detection of zoonotic serotypes of Salmonella spp with spv R and spv B genes and multidrug antibiotic resistance in apparently healthy rural cats make them a potential significant threat to public health. Similar studies on different populations of cats must be taken in consideration when prevention, control or eradication programs of salmonellosis are going to be carried out.


Investigating the Antibiotic Prescribing in the Intensive Care Unit Wards of Namazi Hospital in Shiraz in 2020
Fatemeh Rangraz Jeddi, Ehsan Nabovati, Afsaneh Vazin, Azar Houshmand, Reza Abbasi,
Volume 19, Issue 1 (6-2023)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Antibiotics are extensively utilized and constitute a significant portion of hospital drug expenses, posing challenges due to their overuse. Among hospital wards, the intensive care unit (ICU) is a major consumer of antibiotics. This study aimed to assess the antibiotic prescription rates within the ICU wards of Namazi Hospital in Shiraz. 
Methods: We retrieved and analyzed electronic prescriptions from all 16 ICU wards at Namazi Hospital in 2020. The data were collected using a checklist that included patient demographics, prescription date, and the number of prescribed antibiotics. The relationship between antibiotic groups and patient demographics was assessed using Chi-square test.
Results: Out of 381,003 electronic prescriptions, 67,002 (17.6%) included at least one antibiotic. Additionally, 5,056 patients (98.9%) received antibiotics. Analysis of the prescriptions revealed that most antibiotics were prescribed for male patients and those under 15 years old (P<0.05). Patients admitted during the winter also received the highest rate of antibiotics (P<0.05). The most commonly prescribed antibiotic groups were beta-lactam and chloramphenicols (32.89%), cephalosporins (19.28%), and glycopeptides (18%).
Conclusion: While less than one-fifth of prescriptions included antibiotics, nearly all patients received them. It is advisable for future studies to evaluate antibiotic prescribing based on prescriptions to provide hospital managers with more precise statistics, enabling appropriate actions for antibiotic stewardship.

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