Showing 12 results for Burden
M Naghavi, F Abolhassani, F Pourmalek, N Jafari, M Moradi Lakeh, B Eshrati, N Mahdavi Hezaveh, H Kazemeini, A Tehrani Banihashemi, Sh Shoaee,
Volume 4, Issue 1 (4-2008)
Abstract
Background & Objective: Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALY) summarizes the fatal and nonfatal outcomes of diseases and injuries in one number and gives a quantitative assessment of the health of a population. Estimating the burden of diseases and injuries in Iran in terms of DALY both nationwide and in 6 provinces.
Methods: We used slightly modified versions of the methods developed by the World Health Organization for estimating the burden of premature mortality, disability, and the DALY.
Results: The DALY rate per 100,000 was 21572 and 62% of this was life lost due to premature mortality the remaining 38% was due to disability from diseases and injuries. Fifty-eight percent of the total DALYs had been lost due to non-communicable diseases, 28% due to external causes (injuries), and 14% due to communicable, maternal/ perinatal and nutritional illnesses. The group of diseases and injuries with the highest burden in males waz intentional and unintentional injuries (2.789 million DALYs), while in the female population this position was held by mental disorders with 1.191 million DALYs. The single most important cause of burden was traffic accidents in males and ischemic heart disease in females. Disease burden showed considerable variability between different provinces.
Conclusion: The profile of health and disease in Iran has generally shifted from the predominance of communicable, maternal/perinatal, and nutritional illnesses towards predominance of non-communicable diseases and injuries at the national level. These figures on disease burden at population level are the most objective evidence that can be used in policy making and management of health programs, health research, and resource development within the health sector.
S Akbarpour, N Jafari, A Khosravi, H Soori,
Volume 7, Issue 2 (9-2011)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Drowning is a major and serious public health problem in the northern provinces of Iran. It has significant opportunities for prevention. The aim of this study was to review the epidemiological pattern and burden of drowning in northern area f Iran.
Methods: To examine the incidence and characteristics of drowning in recreational water settings, we analyzed all available data from death registry in 2008 year in Mazandaran and Gilan provinces, located in north of Iran, through a retrospective study. Collective form was based on standard World Health Organization and then the burden of drowning was calculated.
Results: During 2008, 158 indigenous (88.6% male and 11.4% female) people from these provinces died due to drowning. The mean age of the drowned was 26.4 (SD=16.2) years. The drowning death rate was 2.9 per 100,000 population in two provinces. Most of cases (85.4%) of drowning occurred in sea and majority of death was in August (29.7 percent). Number of years lost was 4110 equivalent of 76.1 per 100,000 respectively. Most DALYs was seen to age group 10-19 years.
Conclusion: It is highly recommended the findings of this project should be considered for any future preventive plan by health authorizes in those provinces.
I Abdollahpour, M Noroozian, S Nedjat, R Majdzadeh,
Volume 7, Issue 2 (9-2011)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Although it is important to study the association between caregiver burden and individual with dementia, a little has been paid attention to this issue in Iranian population therefore the aim of study was to investigate the frequency of psychiatric symptoms and patients with dementia and caregiver burden associated with individual with dementia.
Methods: In this study 84 patients who had referred to Iran Alzheimer’s Association, along with their caregivers were included in our study. Iranian Version of Caregiver Burden and NPI questionnaires were employed. Factors affecting factors on burden was analyzed by multivariate linear regression.
Results: Our findings showed that there was at least one psychiatric disorder in all patients. Among all psychiatric symptoms delusion and elation had the highest and lowest rates with 39.3 and 2.4 percentages, respectively. Linear regression indicated that “indifference” and “irritability” symptoms were the effective psychiatric symptoms on the amount of burden placed on the caregivers.
Conclusion: The symptom frequency of irritability and other symptoms showed a statistically significant positive correlation with caregiver's NPI-D score. These findings suggest that improvement of treatments for delusions, irritability among dementia patients may reduce caregiver burden.
Mr Maracy, Z Farajzadeghan, A Peirdehghan, H Kazemaini,
Volume 7, Issue 3 (12-2011)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: The Disability-Adjusted Life Year (DALY) was developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) to measure, compare, and analyze the burden of various diseases. The aim of this study was to estimate and compare the burden of cesarean section (CS) and normal delivery (ND) in Isfahan during 2008 year by employing DALY.
Methods: Burden of CS and ND was estimated based on information provided by hospitals located in Isfahan. The incidence of complications of both vaginal delivery and cesarean section at the time of delivery and 2, 4, 6 weeks after calculated by using hospitals files. Dismod II and STAT.10 software were used to calculate YLD, YLL and DALY of delivery and their complications.
Results: DALYs for cesarean and vaginal deliveries were estimated to be 20.70 years per 1000 deliveries and 8.89 years per 1000 with their complications, respectively. DALY from cesarean section was 23.404 years per 1000 deliveries in private hospitals and 15.67 years per 1000 deliveries for governmental hospitals. DALY from vaginal delivery was 8.98 in private hospitals and 8.137 years in governmental hospitals per 1000 deliveries.
Conclusion: This study showed a considerable burden for cesarean section particularly in private hospitals. This important finding should be considered by health policy makers in Iran.
S Akbarpour, N Jafari, F Mobasheri, P Pezeshkan,
Volume 7, Issue 4 (3-2012)
Abstract
Normal
0
false
false
false
EN-US
X-NONE
AR-SA
Background
& Objectives: Years of life lost (YLL) was designed by the World Health
Organization (WHO) to measure and analyze the burden of various diseases.
Intentional and unintentional injuries, is the second cause of death in Iran.
Since there is little know about the burden of injuries, this study designed to
measure YLL in this group as a key indicator of population health and priority
setting in health.
Methods: Years of life lost was
calculated based on death data from Death Registration system in Mazandaran
province.
Results: During the year 1387 in
Mazandaran province, 39,421 years lost due to intentional and unintentional
injury. 30,498 years that related to men and 8923 years related to women. In
this province injury has been the first cause of YLL in both sexes and age
groups 20-24, 25-29 and 15-19 years, respectively.
Conclusion: Considering the results of this study and the high
number of years lost due to accidents in the province, especially in men, it
seems that more appropriate interventions programs for at risk age group of men
in province is required.
A Mahmoudlou, P Yavari, F Abolhasani, A Khosravi, R Ramazani,
Volume 9, Issue 4 (3-2014)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Colorectal cancer, as the third common cancer, is one of the main health problems in Iran. We assessed the burden of colorectal cancer, as one of the high-priority indices, in this cross-sectional study in Iran in 2008.
Methods: CANMOD software was used for calculation. The input data included the population of Iran, all-cause and colorectal cancer mortality rates, and incidence rate of colorectal cancer, which were all obtained from the Iran Statistic Center, Mortality Registry System, and Cancer Registry System.
Results: The total burden of colorectal cancer according to DALY in Iran in 2008 was 52534 years in the total population. Years of lost life (YLL) amongst males and females were 26455 and 19887 years, respectively. Years lived with disability (YLD) were 3473 and 2719 years for males and females, respectively. The burden of colorectal cancer per 1000 population was 75.4 years for males and 65.7 years for females. The peak age of colorectal cancer burden rate was in the age group 45-79 years.
Conclusion: The burden of the colorectal cancer in Iran has increased compared to the last study (2003) which is due to the increase in its incidence and the related mortality during this period. Due to the possibility of prevention and effective intervention, this cancer should be a priority in the health care system. However, the final judgment should be made after calculation of the burden of other cancers, diseases, and damages at the country level and their respective rankings.
T Rezagholi, P Yavari, F Abolhasani, K Etemad, A Khosravi, Ss Hashemi Nazari , A Mahmoudlou,
Volume 10, Issue 4 (3-2015)
Abstract
Background and Objectives : Breast cancer is the second most common cancer among Iranian women. The peak age of breast cancer in Iran is one decade lower than the global estimates. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to estimate the burden of breast cancer in Iranian women in the country level.
Methods: In this study, the CANMOD software was used for the calculation of DALYs as the sum of YLL and YLD. The required data was the population of the Iranian women, mortality due to breast cancer, incidence cases of breast cancer, and mean time of the stages of breast cancer that was obtained from the Mortality Registry System, Cancer Registry System, and expert panel views .
Results : In this study, the total burden of breast cancer in Iranian women was 75811 years in 2009. Moreover, the years of life lost (YLL) was 54938 years while years lived with disability (YLD) was estimated 20873 years. The rate of DALYs per 100000 female population was 220.9 years. The peak age of breast cancer burden was in the age group 45-59 years. The incidence to mortality ratio was 3/2.
Conclusion: The incidence rate, mortality rate, and the burden of breast cancer in Iranian women increased in 2009 when compared to a previous study in 2003. The findings of this study may provide Iranian health managers with some information on the determinants of the burden of breast cancer in order to design preventive measures as well as screening programs for early detection of breast cancer.
F Faghihi, N Jafari, A Akbari Sari, S Nedjat, F Maleki, M Hosainzadehmilany,
Volume 11, Issue 1 (6-2015)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: To adopt appropriate policies and strategies to maintain, preserve, and promote health, accurate information and indicators are required. In this study, the years of life lost due to premature death, which is considered one of the indicators of prioritization of health problems, was calculated and compared with other countries.
Methods: This study was an applied cross-sectional investigation. We use death registry data of the Province of Qazvin and population estimation from the Statistical Center of Iran from 2004- 2008 and a standard life table. We calculated YLL and YLL rates by age, sex and cause of death.
Results: The leading cause of YLL (premature death) in different age groups in the years 2004-2008 (based on ICD10) showed that the most common causes of death in the neonatal period were perinatal disorders, congenital anomalies, and chromosomal disorders. The leading causes of death in the age group 5-14 years were unintentional injuries and in the age group 15-49 years were unintentional injuries and cardiovascular diseases. The main causes of death in the age group 50-64 years were cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and unintentional injuries.
Conclusion: The leading causes of premature death in the Province of Ghazvin were unintentional injuries, cardiovascular diseases, perinatal disorders, and cancers. Several causes are preventable by lifestyle modifications such as reducing the tobacco use, increasing physical activity, and reducing stress.
F Heydarpour, A Akbari Sari, M Mohebali, S Bokaie,
Volume 13, Issue 1 (6-2017)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Leishmaniasis encompasses a wide range of clinical complaints from skin injury to fatal visceral infections. Detailed information about the economic burden of the disease can help health care decision makers to estimate the magnitude of the problem, economic advantages obtained from the prevention of this disease, resource allocation, and disease management. The study was conducted to determine the economic burden of leishmaniasis in humans and animals in Iran in 2013.
Methods: The cost unit was determined through public service tariffs determined by the Ministry of Health and Medical Education and interviews with experts, and service costs were calculated by multiplying the cost unit for one person by all infected cases. The course of the disease and the services provided to patients were obtained from the review of the literature and records and interview with experts.
Results: The economic burden of leishmaniasis was estimated more than IRR 213 billion ($6,700,000). Moreover, 39%, 27%, 18%, and 16% of the costs were related to indirect costs, direct medical costs, indirect medical costs, and dogs, respectively. The average direct medical cost of cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis was IRR 3381186 ($106) and IRR 9392832 ($295) per person, respectively.
Conclusion: The economic burden of leishmaniasis compared to some diseases such as hydatid cyst showed a smaller number( 232.3 million$). It is recommended that IIranian health politicians consider the economic burden of other diseases.
M Mohammadi, M Mirzaei, M Karami,
Volume 13, Issue 4 (3-2018)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Ischemic heart disases are the main cause of mortality and morbidity in Iran. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most prevalent diseases in Yazd. However, little is known about the share of CHD associated with DM in Yazd.This study aimed to determine the potential impact fraction of ischemic heart disease associated with diabetes mellitus in Yazd-Iran.
Methods: The potential impact fraction (PIF) equation was used to calculate the estimates of CHD associated with DM in Yazd. Prevalence diabetes in Yazd were calculated from Yazd Health Study (YAHS) data, conducted in 2013- 2014 in Yazd Greater Area. The relative risk eof IHD associated with DM was extracted from Tehran Lipid and Glucose study.
Results: According to this study, by hypothetical reduction of DM prevalence in women from the 20.6 percent to null or optimistically to a minimum risk level of 20.3 percent, 23.6% and 0.3% of IHD will be reduced consequently. The corresponding value for men considering the DM prevalence of 15.9 percent at the theoretical zero level and feasible minimum prevalence of 17.7 percent, were 10.6% and -1.2%, respectively.
Conclusion: Given the high prevalence of DM and CHD in Yazd, more interventions to control DM is needed in Yazd by the health section.
Zahra Jafarabadi, Farid Abolhasani, Mohammad Hassan Lotfi, Hossein Fallahzadeh,
Volume 18, Issue 2 (9-2022)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Colorectal cancer is the second and fourth most common cancer in Iranian women and men, respectively. This cancer ranks fourth and fifth in men and women, respectively, among Yazd population. This study aimed to estimate the burden of colorectal cancer in Yazd province in 2016.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on the population of Yazd province in 2016. CanMod software was used to calculate the burden of colorectal cancer. The required information included the population of Yazd province, the incidence of colorectal cancer, the death rate due to colorectal cancer, the death rate due to all causes and the survival rate of patients; The Cancer Registration System, the Provincial Death Registration System and the opinions of provincial experts were collected and included, respectively.
Results: The total burden of colorectal cancer in Yazd province was 632 years (382 years in men and 250 years in women); The YLL and YLD of colorectal cancer in both genders were 478 years and 154 years, respectively. The burden of colorectal cancer in men was 65 years and in women 45 years (per 100,000 population). The peak age of disease burden was estimated in the age group over 60.
Conclusion: Due to the high incidence and treatment in the early stages of the disease, screening and diagnosis in the early stages can be one of the health priorities of the province. However, the final judgment is made when the burden of other diseases and injuries is calculated in the province.
Ali Khorshidi, Mehdi Moradi Nazar, Mansour Masoumi, Mohammad Reza Karami Ghezeli, Zahra Mohammadi,
Volume 19, Issue 2 (9-2023)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The World Health Organization estimates that over a million people contract sexually transmitted diseases daily. Given the significant impact of these diseases on public health in developing countries, this study aims to investigate the epidemiology and burden of sexually transmitted diseases in the Eastern Mediterranean countries.
Methods: This study utilized global disease burden data from The Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation to examine sexually transmitted disease indicators in the Eastern Mediterranean region, encompassing 22 countries from 1990 to 2019. Analyses related to the lost years index, considering premature death and disability (DALY), incidence rate, prevalence rate, mortality rate, and standardized age rates, were conducted. All estimates are reported with 95% uncertainly interval due to various sources of error, including measurement bias and modeling. Microsoft Office Excel 2016 was employed for all analyses.
Results: The age-standardized incidence and prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases in the Eastern Mediterranean region decreased from 9053 and 13424 in 1990 to 8658 and 13143 in 2019, respectively, and the age-standardized death rate increased from 2 to 4 per 100,000 people.
Conclusion: Considering the economic burden caused by these diseases in the Eastern Mediterranean region, it is necessary for the health policy makers to develop intervention strategies for prevention and health planning.
