Showing 9 results for Cardiovascular Disease
M Rezaeian, A Dehdarinejad, A Esmaili Nadimi, Sz Tabatabaie,
Volume 4, Issue 1 (4-2008)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide and is predicted to retain this position until 2020. The aim of the present study was to map cardiovascular mortality rates in Kerman Province counties during 2004-2005.
Methods: In this descriptive study we collected all mortality data registered in various counties of Kerman Province. We calculated mortality rates and drew maps showing the geographical distribution of the dead cases.
Results: Total cardiovascular mortality was higher in the northern counties. The pattern is the same in males and females
Conclusions: The reasons for higher mortality in the northern regions of the province may include a greater prevalence of major cardiovascular risk factors such as physical inactivity, unhealthy diets, and smoking.
A Ahmadi, J Hasanzadeh, A Rajaefard,
Volume 4, Issue 2 (9-2008)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Hypertension is one of the most prevalent and important risk factor of cardio-vascular diseases. The aim of this research was to determine relative factors on hypertension in Kohrang.
Methods: This survey was a population – based case - control study. The study population consisted of 415 patient with hypertension (cases) and 415 controls without any history of cardiovascular and or cerebrovascular diseases & hypertension. A systematic random sampling was used. The chi-square test and conditional logistic regression model was used and the data were analyzed by STATA.
Results: Family history of hypertension, age over 60, no physical activity, bmi≥30 were calculated as risk factors with odds ratio: 2.33 (95% CI 1.58-3.47), 2.01(95% CI 1.24-2.67), 1.8 (95% CI 1.2-2.7), 1.66 (95% CI 1.32-2.07) respectively (p<0.05). Fish consumption, unsaturated fat consumption and literacy were considered as protective factors with an odds ratio: 0.516 (95% CI 0.35-0.69), 0.514 (95% CI 0.36-0.72), 0.28 (95% CI 0.17-0.45) respectively (p<0.01).
Conclusions: The findings of this study highlight to plan appropriate health promotion programmes by health policy makers.
Ss Azimi, D Khalili, F Hadaegh, Y Mehrabi, P Yavari, F Azizi,
Volume 7, Issue 4 (3-2012)
Abstract
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Background
& Objectives: Cardiovascular
disease is the first cause of death and third place in disease burden in Iran.
This study estimates population attributable fraction (PAF) of cardiovascular
risk factors in Tehran population. PAF is one of the important parameters of
measuring population affect of risk factors and evaluating potential impact of
preventive strategies in community level.
Methods: In this study 5868 participants above
30 years old of Tehran lipid and glucose study (TLGS) were employed and 501 CVD
events detected during 10 years follow-up. Direct estimate of adjusted PAFs
using logistic regression which is one of less biased exist methods of PAF
calculation were applied.
Results: Highest modifiable cardiovascular
risk factor PAFs, in sequence, was smoking (14.16%), hypertension (11.73%),
diabetes (7.32%), hypercholesterolemia (6.85%) and central obesity (5.91%) for
men, and hypertension (19.25%), diabetes (18.82%), central obesity(9.88%) and
hypercholesterolemia (7.95%), for women. Also PAF of hazardous age and
premature family history of CVD, as most important nonmodifiable CVD risk
factors, were 36.09%, 16.61% and 3.95%, 7.56% for men and women respectively.
Conclusion:
According to the difference of risk factors PAFs ranking in men and women, it
is suitable that CVD preventive interventions to be prioritized by sex
separately. In this regard, besides special attention to control tobacco use in
men, hypertension and diabetes in both sexes and high cholesterol in men and
central obesity in women respectively, should be given in priority of preventive
strategies.
M Karami, F Khosravi Shadmani , F Najafi,
Volume 8, Issue 3 (12-2012)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Knowledge of the magnitude of attributable burden of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) due to diabetes is necessary for health policy, priority setting and preventing CVD deaths. Our study aimed at estimating the attribute of proportion of diabetes to the burden of cardiovascular diseases in Kermanshah, West of Iran.
Methods: World Health Organization Comparative Risk Assessment methodology was used to calculating Potential Impact Fraction (PIF). Data on the Prevalence of newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus (People who have fasting plasma glucose (FPG) equal or greater than 126 mg/dl) were obtained from 3rd Iranian surveillance of risk factors of non- communicable diseases and data on corresponding measures of effect were derived from a national- specific study with age and multivariate adjusted hazard ratios.
Results: Based on multivariate- adjusted hazard ratios, by reducing the percent of women with diabetes from 8.1 percent to the zero level and the feasible minimum risk level i.e. 4 percent, 11.2% and 5.7% of attributable Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) to CVD are avoidable, respectively. The corresponding value for men at the theoretical (zero level) and feasible minimum risk level (3 percent) were 5.6% and 2.9%, respectively.
Conclusion: To better planning, decision making and priority setting, PIF should be applied to updated and revised burden of CVDs in Iranian Health system.
M Koosheshi, A Khosravi, M Sasani Pour , S Asadi,
Volume 9, Issue 4 (3-2014)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: The recent researches on mortality in Iran in the past 3 decades have obviously emphasized cardiovascular diseases, unintentional injuries, and neoplasms as the most important causes of shortening Iranian’s lives. We investigated the role of these major causes on the mortality patterns in Fars in 2006.
Methods: The number of registered deaths by age and sex and the distribution of death by cause in Fars in 2006 were derived from the Death Register System of Ministry of Health (MoH). We used the 2006 census to obtain the information on the population exposed to death. The mortality of the people over 5 years of age was estimated and corrected using the Brass Growth Balance method. The mortality rate of the children under the age of 5 was estimated by indirect methods and the data were analyzed using the multi-decrement life table.
Results: Life expectancy was 70.3 years in Fars, about 69 years in males and 72 years in females, in 2006. The results showed that 3 main causes of death were responsible for reducing life expectancy of about 11 years in men and women in Fars. Detailed results revealed that cardiovascular diseases and unintentional injuries played more important roles in the decrease. Unintentional injuries plays more major role in decreasing life expectancy in males than females.
Conclusion: Special attention should be paid to the risk factors of cardiovascular diseases in both genders and unintentional injuries in males in Fars to reduce the mortality level and increase the life expectancy.
M Mohammadi, M Mirzaei, M Karami,
Volume 13, Issue 4 (3-2018)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Ischemic heart disases are the main cause of mortality and morbidity in Iran. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most prevalent diseases in Yazd. However, little is known about the share of CHD associated with DM in Yazd.This study aimed to determine the potential impact fraction of ischemic heart disease associated with diabetes mellitus in Yazd-Iran.
Methods: The potential impact fraction (PIF) equation was used to calculate the estimates of CHD associated with DM in Yazd. Prevalence diabetes in Yazd were calculated from Yazd Health Study (YAHS) data, conducted in 2013- 2014 in Yazd Greater Area. The relative risk eof IHD associated with DM was extracted from Tehran Lipid and Glucose study.
Results: According to this study, by hypothetical reduction of DM prevalence in women from the 20.6 percent to null or optimistically to a minimum risk level of 20.3 percent, 23.6% and 0.3% of IHD will be reduced consequently. The corresponding value for men considering the DM prevalence of 15.9 percent at the theoretical zero level and feasible minimum prevalence of 17.7 percent, were 10.6% and -1.2%, respectively.
Conclusion: Given the high prevalence of DM and CHD in Yazd, more interventions to control DM is needed in Yazd by the health section.
N Zanjari, M Sasanipour,
Volume 18, Issue 1 (5-2022)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The rate of the increase in life expectancy has slowed down during the last two or three decades in Iran. In this study, we examined the role of change in thecause of death older adults in increasing life expectancy in Iran between 2006 and 2016.
Methods: Death data by age, sex, and cause in Iran between 2006 and 2016 were obtained from the death registration and classification system of the Ministry of Health and Medical Education. Using the Brass-Trussell and generalized Benett-Horiuchi method, underreporting of child and adult death registration was corrected. Then, using the Arriaga decomposition method, the role of age groups and causes of death of Iranian older adults in increasing life expectancy at birth was calculated.
Results: Men’s life expectancy at birth increased by 3.7 years during 2006 to 2016, and the contribution of older adult’s death changes on this increase was estimated at 2 years. Out of the total increase of 3.1 years in women’s life expectancy, 1.57 years was related to changes in the older adults’ cause of death. Furthermore, 74% and 57% of the role of change in the cause of death among older men and women in increasing the life expectancy was related to cardiovascular diseases.
Conclusion: Considering the transition of age structure in the coming decades, transition of death trend to older ages is expected to continue. The results of this study showed that it is necessary to pay more attention to diseases that affect older people in policy priorities.
Mohammad Khajedaluee, Maliheh Dadgar Moghaddam, Amir-Reza Khajedaluee, Hiva Sharebiani, Hamidreza Bahrami Taghanaki, Maryam Ziadi Lotfabadi, Zeinab Shateri Amiri,
Volume 18, Issue 4 (3-2023)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of adult mortality in many developing countries. This study aims to compare the estimation of the ten-year relative risk of cardiovascular events using the Framingham criteria with a native model.
Methods: This population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in 2014, focusing on the adult population (≥16 years) of Mashhad. Stratified random cluster sampling was employed to gather participants' information based on Framingham's criteria. Data mining, utilizing the decision tree algorithm design, was evaluated using Rapidminer v5.3 software and the cross-validation method.
Results: Out of 2978 individuals, 1930 (64.9%) were women and 1041 (35.1%) were men, with a mean age of 43.5±14.7. Applying the Framingham criteria, the ten-year risk levels of cardiovascular disease were estimated as follows: 77.8% at a low-risk level, 13.4% at a medium-risk level, and 8.8% at a high-risk level.
Regarding data mining, model number (1) achieved an accuracy of 79.56%, indicating that the predicted risk levels using the Framingham algorithm matched the observed values at 95.24% for the low-risk level, 90.8% for the medium-risk level, and 33.13% for the high-risk level. As for model number (2), an accuracy of 82.78% was obtained, with the matching values being 98.20% for the low-risk level, 0.42% for the medium-risk level, and 53.01% for the high-risk level.
Conclusion: The Framingham criteria demonstrate limited effectiveness in predicting medium and high-risk levels in the Mashhad population. According to the local model, smoking and high blood pressure in adulthood are the most significant factors in predicting the risk of cardiovascular diseases in young individuals.
Zahra Gaeini, Sevda Alvirdizadeh, Parvin Mirmiran, Fereidoun Azizi,
Volume 20, Issue 2 (9-2024)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The association between the consumption of dairy products and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is not well-known yet. Here, we aimed to determine the potential effects of total intake and subtypes of dairy products on the development of CVD in an Iranian adult population.
Methods: Among adult participants of the third phase of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS), after excluding those with incomplete dietary, biochemical and anthropometric data, and those who had CVD events at baseline, 2635 adults were selected and followed up till the sixth phase of the TLGS. Baseline dietary intakes were evaluated using a validated food frequency questionnaire with 168 items. There was no significant difference between the baseline characteristics of participants who did not complete the FFQ and those of the total population in the third phase of the TLGS. Finally, the risk of CVD events after adjusting for potential confounding variables was evaluated across the tertile categories of dairy products using the Cox proportional hazard regression models.
Results: During a 10.6-year follow-up, the incidence rate of CVD was 6.5%. After adjusting for confounding factors, there was no significant association between CVD risk and total dairy, low-fat and high-fat dairy, fermented and non-fermented dairy products, high- and low-fat milk, high- and low-fat yogurt, cheese, and cream cheese, as well as ice cream.
Conclusion: According to numerous evidence in previous studies that revealed there is no association between the consumption of dairy products, and CVD risk, independent of high-fat or low-fat dairy products. Hence, it is vital to reconsider dietary recommendations on lowering the intake of high-fat dairy products for the prevention of CVD.
