Mh Fallah Mehrabadi , Ar Bahonar, F Zaynolabedini Tehrani , M Vasfi Marandi , A Sadrzadeh, Sa Ghafouri, M Meshkat, F Masror,
Volume 10, Issue 4 (3-2015)
Abstract
Background and Objectives : Influenza is an acute, contagious, and zoonotic viral disease. It is caused by a virus of the Orthomyxoviridae family. This very infectious is caused by different subtypes of type A influenza virus in the poultry, turkey, and many other birds. In this study, the serum status of rural domestic poultry was investigated for influenza subtype H9N2.
Methods: This cross sectional study was done from August to October in 2013 in Iranian villages through sampling domestic poultry. The sampling was accidental and was done based on the GIS 11-digit code. In each village, blood samples were taken from at least 28 birds from different species. Then, ELISA was used for screening followed by the HI test. A total of 397 villages and 11546 birds (10145 chickens, 1413 ducks, 397 turkeys, 10 pigeons, and 175 other species) were sampled.
Results : Three hindered and forty nine (88%) out of 397 villages were positive on ELISA. In addition, 341 villages (86%) were positive and 56 (14%) were negative on the HI test for antibody titers. Also, among the considered variables, weather was a risk factor and the prevalence was significantly lower in villages near the rivers, lagoons and lakes (up to a radius of 3 Km).
Conclusion: The high seroprevalence of influenza H9N2 in rural domestic poultry indicates that the disease is becoming endemic. As there is no eradication policy for influenza H9N2 in Iran, using effective vaccines can reduce the infection with influenza virus in domestic and rural poultry.
M Dianati, Ms Lotfi,
Volume 11, Issue 2 (9-2015)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Home-related traumas are the most common traumas and are ranked the second among different types of traumas. This study aimed to determine the status of home-related traumas in patients referred to medical centers in Kashan in 2010-2012.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 1028 patients referred to Kashan emergency medical centers were evaluated. The continuous sampling method was used for patient selection. The data collection tool was a researcher made questionnaire with two sections: demographic information and a checklist to evaluate the domestic trauma. Information was obtained by trained nurses through direct interviews with the patients and hospital records. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 0.16.
Results: Location patterns of incidents showed that the hall (27.7%), kitchen (20.3%) and yard (18.4%) were the most common injury sites. Recklessness (80.8%) was the most common cause of trauma. Most of the accidents were caused by falls (27.90%) and cutting tools (25.08%). Orthopedic injuries (50.2%) and hemorrhagic events (34.70%) were the most common traumas.
Conclusion: The results showed that domestic traumas often occurred following reckless behaviors. As a result, these traumas could be predicted and prevented by concentration and attention during working. To reduce the incidence of domestic traumas, people should receive information and training on health and safety issues in the home setting.
L Fakharzadeh, N Tahery, M Heidari, N Hatefi Moadab , A Zahedi, S Elhami,
Volume 13, Issue 4 (3-2018)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Domestic violence is the most common type of violence against women which leaves negative effects on the mental health of the mother, children, family, community, and the next generation directly and indirectly. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess the arte of domestic violence and some related factors in married women.
Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive research was carried out with participation of 623 married women attending health care centers of Abadan, Iran who were selected through random cluster sampling from in 2015. The data were collected by a demographic questionnaire and a women abuse scale checklist. Moreover, descriptive and analytical statistics (including T-Student Test, Pearson Correlation Coefficient, One-Way Variance Analysis, Chi-Square Test, and Fisher) were used for data analysis.
Results: The total prevalence of violence was 72.3%, and the porevalence of psychological, physical, life threatening, and sexual violence was 71.7%, 17.8%, 8.3%, and 7.1%, respectively. Moreover, a significant relationship was observed between violence and age, marital satisfaction, family behavior, financial situation, cigarette, alcohol, disease, domicile, occupation, place of birth, and criminal records.
Conclusion: Violence in the city of Abadan, eespecially psychological violence, is highly prevalent. Therefore, it is suggested that domestic violence against women be prevented using approaches such as life skills training starting before marriage such as anger management, proper communication, and problem solving.
Z Alinesaei, Z Hosseinkhani,
Volume 18, Issue 1 (5-2022)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Children, especially adolescents, are one of the main victims of domestic violence, who have received less attention despite their vulnerability to this social problem. This study was conducted to determine the adolescents' perspectives and experiences of domestic violence and parental disputes in order to improve our understanding of the various aspects of this social problem for planning the necessary measures to reduce it.
Methods: The present qualitative study was performed with a content analysis approach. The data were collected using semi-Structural interviews. The participants were students aged 12 to 16 years. Purposeful sampling with maximum variation in terms of socioeconomic status, age and gender was performed. In total, 33 interviews were conducted by two interviewers.
Results: A total of 4 categories, 11 subcategories and 120 themes were extracted as the adolescents' experiences. By summarizing and combining similar themes, the main categories included adolescents' psychological reactions and activities at home and in the school, domestic violence outcomes and cause of violence. The most important cause of violence was socio-economic status of the family, especially father's unemployment. Adolescents who had experienced domestic violence had higher tendencies toward high-risk behavior and academic failure.
Conclusion: According to adolescents' views, socio-economic factors play an important role in the occurrence of domestic violence and can lead to unpleasant social experiences and social harms in their future lives. Therefore, it is necessary for parents, teachers, and policy makers to adopt effective measured to reduce this social problem.
Maryam Saeedi, Sahar Taleb,
Volume 19, Issue 4 (3-2024)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic has created a growing concern about domestic violence worldwide. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the general prevalence of all types of violence and the related effective factors during the COVID-19 outbreak among women living in Saveh, Iran.
Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in 2021 on 423 married women referred to health centers in Saveh who were selected using the cluster method. A demographic information questionnaire and a researcher-made domestic violence questionnaire were used to collect data. Descriptive statistical methods and statistical tests were used to analyze the data and examine the correlation between the intensity (score) of violence with the demographic variables of the samples and their spouses. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 22 statistical software. A significance level of less than 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: Most of the participants (59.6%) were exposed to domestic violence. The mean±standard deviation of the overall domestic violence score was as much as 7.47±12.37. The most common type of domestic violence among the studied women was psychological violence. There was a direct and significant relationship between the overall score of domestic violence, the age of the samples and their spouses, and the duration of their marriage (P<0.01). The average overall score of domestic violence was significantly higher in samples who had children, were not pregnant, had drug and alcohol-addicted spouses, were renters, had a decrease in income during the COVID-19 outbreak, and had unemployed spouses (P <0.05).
Conclusion: Based on the results, the prevalence of domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic was moderate, but its severity was low. Due to the psychological effects of the COVID-19 disease on society people, the increase in the incidence of violent behavior is especially evident in vulnerable families such as low-income families and tenants and women whose spouses are unemployed and abuse substances. Therefore, identifying and supporting vulnerable families for their education and empowerment can reduce the incidence of domestic violence.
Ashraf Saber, Maryam Omidi, Fereshteh Eidy, Mahdis Mehrabi Bardar, Rahman Panahi, Zahra Moghadasi, Shiva Pouraliroudbaneh, Ahmadreza Shamsabadi,
Volume 20, Issue 2 (9-2024)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Violence against pregnant women is a clear violation of women's rights associated with many consequences and complications both for the mother and fetus. In this study, we aimed to determine factors affecting the severity of domestic violence against pregnant women.
Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study was carried out between July 2020 and September 2021. The participants were 234 women with low-risk pregnancies (28-40 weeks) who were transferred to the maternity ward of Bentolhoda Hospital in Bojnurd City. Mothers were selected by the convenience sampling method. A two-part questionnaire was used in this study, which included demographic and midwifery information questionnaires and a domestic violence questionnaire created by Tabrizi in 2013. Subsequently, the data were analyzed using logistic regression.
Results: The prevalence rate of violence against pregnant women (experiencing at least one type of domestic violence from the husband) was 64.6%. Among those who had experienced violence, 36.1% of the participants experienced low to very mild violence during pregnancy and 63.9% experienced moderate violence. However, severe violence was not experienced by any of the research units. Also, there was a significant relationship between babies' gender and the severity of violence (P=0.03). Pregnant women with male fetus (OR = 3.14, CI95%:1.093–9.069) were 3.14 times more exposed to violence with moderate severity.
Conclusion: In this study, most women suffered domestic violence with moderate severity. Among pregnant women with male fetuses, the severity of violence was even higher. Thus, it is necessary to pay a proper attention to the design and implementation of educational and support programs for these women to prevent domestic violence and reduce its adverse impacts.
