Showing 6 results for Hamadan
S Khazaei, Z Kousehlou, M Karami, A Zahiri , J Bathaei,
Volume 9, Issue 1 (5-2013)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Tuberculosis (TB) is the largest single cause of death from infectious diseases and has a ten rating of global burden of disease. Despite the availability of effective treatment for pulmonary TB, sputum conversion of patients affected by various factors. This study aimed to determine the time course of sputum conversion in patients and possible affected factors in this process.
Methods: In this Retrospective cohort study, 440 patients with smear-positive pulmonary TB in Hamadan province from 21 March 2006 to 20 March 2012 referred to health centers were included. Demographic, clinical data and treatment status of patients, including the time of sputum smear negative were extracted using TB Register software from patient registry. Time to sputum conversion was considered monthly during the patient’s treatmentand shown by Kaplan-Meier survival curve. The effects of some determinants including gender, location, age group and number of bacilli in the sputum of patients at the beginning of treatment were determined using Cox proportional hazard regression model.
Results: From 440 patients with smear-positive pulmonary TB, 51% (221 patients) were male and 49% (219 patients) were female. Fifty seven percent (57%) were living in urban and others in rural. The median of sputum conversion was 3 months. Totally, sputum conversion rate at the end of month 2 and 3 were 69% and 88%, respectively.
Conclusion: Our findings revealed that there has been a considerable difference between the expected sputum conversion rate and the observed rate in Hamadan province, Iran.
A Biderafsh, M Karami, J Faradmal, J Poorolajal, N Esmailnasab,
Volume 10, Issue 3 (12-2014)
Abstract
Background & Objectives : Considering the high prevalence of hypertension and its increasing trend in Iran as the most important known modifiable risk factor of stroke, this study was performed to determine the pattern of hypertension and the related population attributable fraction (PAF) of stroke in Hamadan Province.
Methods: Blood pressure data of over-19-year-old population of Hamadan Province from 2005 to 2009 was extracted from the non-communicable diseases risk factors surveillance system . The point prevalence and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of hypertension was reported in the study population according to sex and age groups. The trend of hypertension was depicted using a line plot. To calculate PAF, the data of the prevalence of hypertension in 2009 was used. Corresponding hazard ratio was obtained from the available literature.
Results : The prevalence of hypertension was 9.4 (8.2 – 10.6) in 2005, 7.5 (5.9 – 9.3) in 2006, 14.2
(12.1 – 16.5) in 2007, 13.8 (11.7 – 16.1) in 2008, and 12.2 (10.3- 14.5) in 2009. The mean and standard deviation of systolic blood pressure was 120.88 (19.73) and 124.19 (19.24) in the participants in 2005 and 2009, respectively. The study results showed that 19.84% of the strokes in Hamadan Province were due to hypertension .
Conclusion: The results of this study confirmed the considerable contribution of hypertension to stroke in Hamadan Province. Accordingly, policy makers are strongly recommended to consider controlling and preventive strategies for hypertension as a priority .
M Safari, M Sadeghifar, Gh Roshanaei , A Zahiri,
Volume 14, Issue 2 (9-2018)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Tuberculosis is a chronic bacterial disease and a major cause of morbidity and mortality. It is caused by a Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Awareness of the incidence and number of new cases of the disease is valuable information for revising the implemented programs and development indicators. time series and regression are commonly used models for prediction but these methods require some assumptions. The purpose of this study was to predict new TB cases using the hidden Markov model which does not require many assumption.
Methods: The data used in this study was the monthly number of new TB cases during 2006-2016 identified and recorded in Hamedan Province. Rorecasting the number of new TB cases was done using hidden Markov models using the hidden Markov package in the R software.
Results: According to the AIC and BIC criterion, two states had the best fit to the data, i.e. the data of this study were a mixture of two Poisson distributions with average number of event 5.96 and 10.2 respectively. The results also predicted the number of new cases over the next 24 months based on the hidden Markov model would be between 8 and 9 new cases in each month.
Conclusion: The hidden Markov model is the best model for prediction using the Markov chain. This model, in addition to detection of an appropriate model for the available data, can determine the transition probability matrix, which can help physicians predict the future state of the disease and take preventive measures befor reaching advanced stages.
Z Cheraghi, H Mahjub, A Ghalehiha, S Bashirian, H Tayybeenia, A Rahmani, B Naghsh Tabrizi , N Shir Mohammadi , A Farhadi, M Asgarinia, M Karami,
Volume 14, Issue 4 (3-2019)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Prioritizing the list of required research, taking into account the real needs and problems of the health sector, provides a ground for justice; strengthens the link between research, action, and policy; and addresses the needs of vulnerable groups. The present study was done to formulate research priorities of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences using the opinions of experts in the field of health as a positive step towards proper allocation of research resources of the University to solve the problem.
Methods: In this study, the research priorities of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences in 13 domains during 2017 were ranked using 10 standard criteria according to the Essential National Health Research (ENHR) approach.
Results: Forty inter and intra beneficiaries were participated in this study. During the sessions, using group training techniques (brain storming), the topics were discussed, resulting in identifying 122 topics in 13 domains. In each of these domains, top 10 topics with the highest ranks were determined as the research priorities of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences.
Conclusion: Determination of research priorities at a provincial level based on the ENHR approach was conducted in Hamadan University of Medical Sciences with the cooperation of all health stakeholders for the first time. The result of this study will play an important role in optimum use of resources of the research and technology domain of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences by directing research projects according to the identified priorities.
M Karami, A Doosty Irani, Sj Battaei, L Rafati, M Javaheri, M Kheir Andish , M Farhadi, M Hashemi, K Mozafari, A Akhlagh, M Shojaeian, Ar Maleki, R Rostam Abadi , Sh Torkshavand, M Khodabakhshi,
Volume 16, Issue 3 (11-2020)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Water and foodborne diseases are major causes of mortality worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the factors affecting an gastroenteritis outbreak in Hamadan county in summer of 2019.
Methods: This study was performed based on the outbreak investigation process. After producing hypotheses based on preliminary field studies, a case-control study was conducted on 45 cases and 45 controls to investigate the factors associated with the outbreak. New cases of the disease were included according to the case definition. A logistic regression model was used to investigate potential risk factors.
Results: A total of 171 people were affected in this outbreak from 25 June 2019 to 01 July 2019. The at-risk population in this outbreak was 3410 individuals. The attack rate was 5.1%. Abdominal pain, vomiting, and nausea were the most common symptoms with a prevalence of 77.8%, 73.3% and 68.9%, respectively. The results of the case-control study showed that the consumption of tap and spring/well water increased the odds of disease by 4.63 and 4.13 times compared to boiled water, although these relationships were not statistically significant. The odds of diseases were significantly lower in people aged 30-45 years and 46-85 years compared people aged 15 years old and younger.
Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, the outbreak was related to contaminated water consumption. Therefore, regular monitoring of drinking water status is very important for the local health system.
Fatemeh Shahbazi, Salman Khazaei, Mohammad Mirzaei, Seyed Jalalodin Bathaei, Ali Zahiri, Manoochehr Karami,
Volume 18, Issue 4 (3-2023)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The purpose of this study was to ascertain the mortality rate and years of life lost (YLL) resulting from COVID-19 infection in Hamadan Province.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, information regarding the number of deaths caused by COVID-19 infection was obtained from the Vice-Chancellor of Health at Hamadan University of Medical Sciences. The research period spanned from February 2020 to February 2021. The deaths recorded by the deputy health department encompassed both outpatients and inpatients. The calculation of Years of Life Lost (YLL) was based on the guidelines outlined in the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2010. All data analysis was performed using Excel software.
Results: During the study period, a total of 1556 deaths occurred due to COVID-19 infection in Hamadan Province. The years of life lost (YLL) due to premature death were 15783 years (49.99 per thousand) in men, 12794 years (38.43 per thousand) in women, and 28577 years (44.08 per thousand) in both sexes. Specifically, urban areas accounted for 19824 YLL, while rural areas accounted for 8753 YLL.
Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, COVID-19 infection resulted in a significant loss of potential years of life, particularly among men, those over 60 years of age, and in urban areas. As a result, intervention programs should prioritize the importance of early detection of the disease, reducing its severity, and subsequently mitigating the number of fatalities. Additionally, better control of the disease in elderly populations, who represent the highest proportion of years of life lost, should be a focal point.
