Showing 7 results for Information
A Mirzazadeh, B Hajarizadeh, B Mesgarpour, A Golozar, K Holakouie Naieni,
Volume 4, Issue 3 (3-2009)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Recent reports indicated an increase in cutaneous Leishmaniosis (CL) cases. We designed the study in the context of community assessment process to identify and address the major public health related issues by explore the risk map of CL and assessing the environmental risk factors in Kerman.
Methods: All the registered CL in the only referral center for CL from 2002 to 2006, localized on Kerman digital map. The level of data dissemination was townships. Based on data from the national statistics organization, we determined the population and calculated the incidence of CL of each township. Secondly, the highest endemic townships were observed deeply with a specific checklist to determine the environmental risk factors.
Results: 771 cases were included. All the high endemic areas were located in the east part of Kerman. The eastern township, Sarasiyab, with 123 (15.9%) cases was the most infected region. The highest endemic townships were Sarasiyab, Emam and Sarbaz with 54.9, 52.8 and 51.2 cases per 10,000, respectively. Some minor endemic areas such as Shahab, Abouzar and Shahzadeh Mohammad (South and central regions) were going to be disappeared while Shariati, Naseriyeh-Seyedi (North and North-East regions) were the new high-risk townships (P<0.01).
Conclusions: the east and central part of Kerman, were always the high endemic regions. Some other new high-risk areas were also detected. The most environmental factors were the bare lands between the houses, ground passages and the timeworn architecture on the buildings.
Ar Baghestani, E Hajizadeh, Sr Fatemi,
Volume 6, Issue 3 (12-2010)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: The Cox proportional-hazards regression and other parametric models model have achieved widespread use in the analysis of time-to-event data with censoring and covariates. However employing Bayesian method has not been widely used or discussed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic factors in using Bayesian interval censoring analysis.
Methods: This cohort study was based on 178 patients with gastric cancer from January 2003 to December 2007 admitted to Taleghani teaching hospital in Tehran. Known prognostic risk factors were entered into the analysis using Bayesian Weibull and Exponential models. The term DIC was employed to find best model.
Results: The results were showed survival rate depended on age of diagnosis and tumor size. Those patients who had early diagnosis and/or had smaller tumor size were in lower risk of death.
Conclusion: The age of diagnosis and tumor size of patients are important prognostic factors related to survival of patients with gastric cancer. Based on DIC, Bayesian analysis of the Weilbull model performed better than the Exponential model. As a result, if this cancer has been diagnosed early, the relative risk of death would reduce.
Mh Mehrolhassani, Aa Haghdoost, M Emami,
Volume 12, Issue 0 (3-2017)
Abstract
Good governance promotion in the health sector needs effective policies and evidence-based decision making. Using efficient and effective information is an important issue so that planners will not be confused amid many figures and numbers and also the main problem will not be marginalized. Hence, having a common language and consensus between policy makers and decision makers about the cycle (collecting and processing information, analysis, and judgment) and decision-making tools (criterion, indicator, index, and variable) is an initial and crucial step in evidence-based decision making. The main challenge for creating such an information system is the lack of a common language among scientific and executive experts; so the aim of this study was to provide a perspective of the concept of decision-making and the main components of its cycle and tools and to review these concepts in health care financing system.
S Abbaszadeh, Mr Baneshi, F Zolala, Y Jahani, H Sharifi,
Volume 13, Issue 3 (12-2017)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: We may sometimes measure the joint effect of correlated independent variables on several dependent variablesThe present study aimed to evaluate the performance of multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and structural equation modeling (SEM) on complex relationships between variables.
Methods: The present study evaluated the knowledge and attitude of 15-18 year-old individuals towards narcotics (glass, ecstasy). The effect of independent variables on two latent variables of knowledge and attitudes was studied using SEM and MANOVA modelingThe mean square error of methods were compared.
Results: The direction of associations was similar in both methods but their coefficients and p-values were different. only the effect of gender (P-value= 0.007) on knowledge in both methods was significant. Nevertheless, gender (P-value < 0.001) and marital status (P-value< 0.001) were significantly associated with attitude in both methods. The mean square error of multivariate analysis of variance and structural equation modeling was 0.98 and 0.002 respectively.
Conclusion: In the current studythe performance of SEM was better than MANOVA. Therefore, it is suggested that SEM to be used to study the multifactorial relationship between variables. In addition, only gender was effective on knowledge in both methods, while gender and marital status were effective on attitude in both methods.
Mr Jamali, A Shojaee, M Ghanadi, J Jamali,
Volume 14, Issue 2 (9-2018)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Evaluation of the epidemiologic pattern of diseases requiring hospitalization is one of the effective factors in better management of hospitals, which can provide health managers and planners with a realistic and appropriate view on procuring the equipment and furnishing and equipping the hospitals in the country. This study was conducted to investigate this pattern based on the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) using the information recorded in Tehran Health Insurance Organization in a ten-year period.
Methods: In this descriptive research, we examined all records of hospitalized cases registered in the hospital information system of Tehran Health Insurance Organization during 2005 to 2014. The data of more than two million records, including case number, gender, and age of the patients as well as the diagnosis code were extracted from the hospital information system.
Results: From 2008859 cases, 51.9% of patients were male and the mean age of the patients was 24.60±44.22 years. In children less than one year, “certain conditions originating in the perinatal period”, in children aged one to four years “symptoms, signs and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings, not elsewhere classified”, in children 5 to 14 years “neoplasm”, in patients 15 to 44 years “pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium”, and in patients above 45 years, “diseases of the circulatory system” were the most common diagnostic categories in hospitalized insured patients.
Conclusion: Due the specialization of diseases and various causes of hospitalization, to prevent wastage of financial and human resources, health policymakers and planners should allocate resources to insurance companies according to the scope of their activities.
M Ostadghaderi, Aa Hanafi Bojd , Sh Nematollahi, K Holakoui-Naeini ,
Volume 17, Issue 1 (5-2021)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The incidence of colorectal cancer has increased significantly in Iran in recent decades. The pattern of occurrence varies in different populations. A study was conducted to perform a spatial analysis of colorectal cancer and some of its risk factors in Iran using GIS.
Methods: The data of this descriptive-analytic study included colorectal cancer incidence as a dependent variable and physical activity, Body Mass Index and smoking as independent variables recorded by the Cancer Department, Center for Non-Communicable Diseases Management, the Ministry of Health and Medical Education and the care system for non-communicable disease risk factors according to province and gender in 2009. Data was analyzed using the ArcGIS 10.3 software and spatial correlation analysis, hot spots analysis, and geographic weighted regression model.
Results: The spatial relationship between the disease and some of its risk factors was confirmed by the model of geographical weight regression, according to which the northern and central provinces had the highest risk of colorectal cancer compared to other regions of the country.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that spatial analysis could be useful in identifying disease patterns, prioritizing the factors affecting it, and controlling the disease through strategic planning and interventions.
Iman Dianat, Mohammad Sadegh Masoumi, Homayoun Sadeghi Bazargani, Gholam Hossein Safari, Sepideh Harzand-Jadidi,
Volume 20, Issue 4 (3-2025)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: One of the most important steps in reducing traffic accidents is the accurate recording of the spatial information of these incidents using Geographic Information Systems (GIS).The present study was conducted with the aim of geographically analyzing high-risk areas for traffic accidents in Tabriz and determining the spatial distribution pattern of traffic incidents based on accident outcomes.
Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, data on property damage, injury, and fatal traffic accidents in Tabriz during 2017 were collected from various sources, and accident locations were identified using geographic addresses and coordinates. To analyze the geographical distribution of high-risk accident zones, spatial analysis methods including Moran’s Index, Kernel Density Estimation, Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR), and correlation analysis were employed.
Results: In this study, the cumulative pattern of accidents in Tabriz was confirmed, such that district 8, northeast of District 3, central and southern regions of District 1, and the entrance to District 5 of Tabriz city had dense accident distribution patterns. The religious, commercial, and service land-use layers had the highest correlation with accident density. High-traffic axes had fewer accidents; the highest was related to areas with low traffic volume. Autumn and winter have the most damage accidents, and the highest number of accidents leading to death was assigned to the spring season.
Conclusion: Given the concentration of traffic accidents in high-risk areas of Tabriz—particularly in District 8 and the eastern entrances—it is recommended that traffic infrastructure be improved, traffic regulations be strengthened, and monitoring be enhanced through intelligent systems to reduce accidents. Additionally, conducting public awareness campaigns can also be effective in decreasing traffic incidents.
