Showing 5 results for Pulmonary Tuberculosis
S Khazaei, Z Kousehlou, M Karami, A Zahiri , J Bathaei,
Volume 9, Issue 1 (5-2013)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Tuberculosis (TB) is the largest single cause of death from infectious diseases and has a ten rating of global burden of disease. Despite the availability of effective treatment for pulmonary TB, sputum conversion of patients affected by various factors. This study aimed to determine the time course of sputum conversion in patients and possible affected factors in this process.
Methods: In this Retrospective cohort study, 440 patients with smear-positive pulmonary TB in Hamadan province from 21 March 2006 to 20 March 2012 referred to health centers were included. Demographic, clinical data and treatment status of patients, including the time of sputum smear negative were extracted using TB Register software from patient registry. Time to sputum conversion was considered monthly during the patient’s treatmentand shown by Kaplan-Meier survival curve. The effects of some determinants including gender, location, age group and number of bacilli in the sputum of patients at the beginning of treatment were determined using Cox proportional hazard regression model.
Results: From 440 patients with smear-positive pulmonary TB, 51% (221 patients) were male and 49% (219 patients) were female. Fifty seven percent (57%) were living in urban and others in rural. The median of sputum conversion was 3 months. Totally, sputum conversion rate at the end of month 2 and 3 were 69% and 88%, respectively.
Conclusion: Our findings revealed that there has been a considerable difference between the expected sputum conversion rate and the observed rate in Hamadan province, Iran.
J Yazdani Cherati , E Ahmadi Baseri , M Saki, S Etemadinejad,
Volume 9, Issue 4 (3-2014)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the major infectious diseases in Iran and has pulmonary and extra-pulmonary manifestations. Considering the differences in the distribution of the cases across different regions, we decided to study the geographical distribution, epidemiologic characteristics, and disease pattern in Lorestan.
Methods: This ecologic (descriptive analytical) survey was done in Lorestan between 2002 and 2008. The data was collected from the Health Department of Lorestan University of Medical Sciences and included the history of 1481 patients suffering from TB. The study variables were sex, disease type, residential location, age, and year. The data were analyzed using statistical package SAS 9.2 and descriptive and inferential statistics were applied.
Results: From 1481 registered patients 58.4% were male and 41.6% were female among which 68.74% and 29.98% lived in urban and rural areas and 1.28% were nomads. The mean age of the patients was 41.87. The highest and lowest incidence rates were observed in Khoram Abad (19.38 per 100000) and Azna (7.04 per 100000), respectively. Using Poisson regression, it was observed that the effects of age structure and residency on the incidence rate were significant.
Conclusion: The percentage of nomads was identified as the most important demographic factor in the incidence rate of TB in Lorestan. Allocation of better resources and appropriate training can be effective in controlling and preventing the disease.
M Olfatifar, Sm Hosseini, , , M Parvin,
Volume 13, Issue 1 (6-2017)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: One of the applications of population attributable risk percent (PAR%) is to estimate the disease burden in a population exposed to several risk factors. Therefore, this study was conducted to estimates the PAR% of the space-time clusters of pulmonary tuberculosis.
Methods: In this study, the data of pulmonary TB cases were obtained from the health department of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences. After detecting significant clusters using the spatiotemporal scan statistic, PAR% was used to analyze the clusters and to detect the location of clusters more accurately.
Results: Four primary space-time clusters and three secondary spatiotemporal clusters were detected for patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and 92% of the patients who did not have a clear state in term of HIV infection. Despite differences in the location of clusters and PAR% attributed to them, the second primary cluster of pulmonary tuberculosis cases (consisting of the cities of Razan, Famenain and Kabudrahang) had the highest amount of PAR% that needs more attention.
Conclusion: The presence of significance spatiotemporal clusters in Hamadan highlights the necessity of the use of PAR% to distinguish cluster areas and to implement prevention and control policy. However, more analytical studies are needed to detect the on the determinants of the occurrence of pulmonary TB.
Sm Hosseini , A Afshari Safavi , A Esmaeil Zade , S Beig Rezaei ,
Volume 13, Issue 2 (9-2017)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Using the anthropometric indicators of children is one of the ways of monitoring their growth. Because of the racial divisions and levels of health and welfare, comparing these indicators with the global reference is not reasonable; therefore, designing a local reference seems necessary. This study aimed to evaluate the growth indices for boys and girls aged 5 to 18 years old living in Isfahan and to compare the indices with standard values.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 53,839 subjects were included. Percentiles of body mass index, height, and weight were calculated using the LMS method in the LMS Light software. After normalization of the growth indices, their mean and standard deviation were calculated for each age group and anthropometric indices curves were plotted versus the 5th, 50th and 95th percentiles of the NCHS reference.
Results: In all age categories, the mean SDS scores of BMI in boys and girls was -0.004 ± 0.029 and 0.014 ± 0.062, respectively, indicating no difference with reference values. However, the 95th percentile of the body mass index for the reference population was consistent with the 90th percentile for the population studied. Also, weight in boys below 13 years of age was higher than the reference line while in girls, weight was always higher than the reference value.
Conclusion: Due to differences in the pattern of growth and also lower anthropometric values, particularly among boys, it seems that a national growth curve can be a better guide for future decisions.
Sh Seyedagha, A Kavousi , Ar Baghestani , M Nasehi,
Volume 13, Issue 3 (12-2017)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Tuberculosis is the most common cause of death among single-factor infectious diseases and is the tenth cause of death among all diseases in the world. The disease is spread mainly from an infected person through close contact with other people living in one place. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the spatial correlation structure and the recovery time of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in Iran.
Methods: In this applied study, the data of 20554 patients with sputum smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis in Iran from 1389 to 1393 were used. A parametric accelerated failure time model with spatial frailty and batesian approach was used to analyze the data. The OpenBUGS 1.4 was used for programming and the ArcGIS 9.2 was used for mapping the environmental impact on tuberculosis.
Results: The mean age of the patients was 50.35 years with a standard deviation of 21.6 years. The results showed that the geographical environment, gender, prison condition, degree of smear positivity at diagnosis and location (urban-rural) had a significant impact on the recovery time of pulmonary tuberculosis patients. The recovery time of patients with smear grade 1-9 bacilli, 1+ and 2+ who were treated was significantly shorter than the others.
Conclusion: According to the study, geographical environment and the location have a significant impact on smear positive patients’ recovery time. This impact depends on the degree of smear positivity in some provinces and is independent of it in some other provinces.
