Showing 6 results for School Children
J Rafinejad, A Nourollahi, E Javadian, A Kazemnejad, Kh Shemshad,
Volume 2, Issue 3 (3-2006)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Pediculosis is a ubiquitous and contagious parasitic dermatosis. Throughout the world, infestation by the head louse (Pediculus humanus capitis) is more common among schoolchildren, especially in those aged 6-11 years. This descriptive/analytical study was carried out in 2003 to determine the prevalence of pediculosis capitis and risk factors involved in the epidemiology of pediculosis in primary school pupils in Amlash, Gilan province.
Methods: The children were selected by cluster random sampling of schools and classes, and then examined for head lice using hair conditioners and a fine-toothed head lice comb. We screened a total of 4244 pupils from 95 primary schools. We used a comprehensive questionnaire to evaluate the effects of school type and location, education level, parent job, regular baths, number of persons sharing the same bed, combing frequency, host sensitivity, family size, hairstyle, gender, and hair length.
Results: Statistical analysis using χ2 tests showed that school type, school location, parent job, regular baths, number of person who share the same bed, frequency of combing, gender, host sensitivity, family size, and hairstyle are significantly associated with infestation. Infestation rate showed no correlations with hair color, season, age, or education level. Results showed that pediculosis is more prevalent in rural than in urban areas. The average rate of infestation for the area was 9.2%, indicating an epidemic situation by standard criteria.
Conclusions: The high prevalence of P. capitis infestation among these children was probably due to poor environmental hygiene and scarcity of water. Hygienic controls of schoolchildren by nurses are important for elimination of Pediculus humanus capitis. This is the first community-based study describing in detail the epidemiology of head louse infestation in the Amlash district of Gilan province in Iran and confirms that Pediculosis capitis is still a problem in many environments, particularly those with low life standards and poor health care.
Aa Yekta, C Dehghani, H Ostadi Moghaddam, J Heravian, E Jafarzadehpur, A Azimi, R Yekta, A Javaherforoshzadeh, M Pedramfar, B Rezvan, N Kiasatfard, M Khabazkhoob,
Volume 6, Issue 3 (12-2010)
Abstract
Background & Objective: Refractive errors (myopia, hyperopia and astigmatism) could lead to an impaired quality of life affect a large proportion of the population worldwide, irrespective of age, sex and ethnic group. Such refractive errors can be easily diagnosed, measured and corrected with spectacles or other refractive corrections to attain normal vision. Since there is paucity of information in school children in Iran we aimed to investigate the distribution pattern of refractive status and prevalence of refractive errors in school-age children in Shiraz
Methods: A random sampling strategy in geographically defined clusters was used to identify children aged 6-15 years in Shiraz between 2008-2209. We carried out a school survey and actual eye examinations, including visual acuity measurements, stereopsis examination, anterior segment and eyeball movements, fundus examinations, and cycloplegic retinoscopy with 1% cyclopentolate.
Results: Of 3065 selected individuals, 2683 were participated in the study (response rate 86.6%). According to cycloplegic refraction, 4.85% (95% (Cl), 3.52 to 6.16) of the primary and middle school students were myopic and 4.64% (95% Cl, 3.52 to 6.19) were hyperopic. For high school students, these rates were 22.19 and 11.4% respectively. Myopia and hyperopia were shown to be correlated with age. Prevalence of anisometropia, amblyopia and strabismus were 2.51%, 2.31(95%CI 1.51-3.11) and 1.83% (95%CI 1.15-2.50).
Conclusion: Compared to other published reports, the rate of myopia in the school children of Shiraz seems relatively high.
R Rafat, Ar Dorosty, Mr Eshragian, A Rezazadeh,
Volume 7, Issue 3 (12-2011)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Increasing in prevalence of juvenile myopia in recent decades in eastern and western countries, especially in urban elementary school children, suggests that changing in early life style may play an important role in development of myopia. Our aim was to determine the relationships between myopia and overweight in elementary school children of Eslamshahr a city near Tehran, Iran
Methods: In a case control study, 240 new myopic primary school children (grade 2-4) identified as cases and 240 children without myopia in the same schools enrolled as control group.
Anthropometric information was completed from schools’. Other information about pre-entrancing to school was collected by interviewing their parents. Children having a Body mass index BMI>=85th CDC2000 percentile were identified as overweight. Adjusted odds ratio for overweight was estimated after adjusting other potential risk factors.
Results:
Of total 53.3% were girls. 23.8% of children in case group and 10.1% of them in control group were categorized in overweight group. After adjusting for other potential risk factors (family history, breast milk intake, near works, mother`s job and financial position) being overweight was independently associated to myopia
(OR: 3.10, 95% CI: 1.9-5.03).
Conclusion: It is concluded that overweight in children in preschool age, is independently associated with increased risk of myopia in primary school children. Therefore health promotion programs in order to change of the life style in this group of children should be considered.
Mr Aflatoonian, I Sharifi,
Volume 7, Issue 3 (12-2011)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is one the major health problem in tropical and sub– tropical countries. Bam district in Iran is an old focus of anthroponotic CL (ACL). The aim of this survey was to assess the prevalence rate of CL by case– finding, treatment of cases and training of primary school children in the city and suburb of Bam in 2010.
Methods: All school children in three levels (18501 children) were included. Children were physically examined for presence of sores or scars. Suspected cases were referred to the center for cutaneous leishmaniasis control (CCLC) for diagnosis and the CL positive children were treated, accordingly. School children were trained and also educational and informative pamphlets were given to their parents.
Results: After initial physical examination ,117 suspected school children (6.9%) were referred to the CCLC and 48 children (28 per 10000) diagnosed as CL patients, comprising of 19 females (39.5%) and 29 males (60.5%). Fifteen (31.2%) school children were identified as lupoid leishmaniasis, failure to treatment or non – healing cases.
Conclusion: The prevalence rate was decreased about 18– fold as compared to the previous investigation in 2005. Establishment of the CCLC, active case– finding and subsequent treatment, seem to be a successful model for controlling CL in the endemic countries.
M Payab, Ar Dorostymotlagh, Mr Eshraghian, R Rostami, F Siassi, M Ahmadi,
Volume 8, Issue 1 (7-2012)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Food insecurity has been a global concern. The purpose
of the present study was to examine the relationship between household food
insecurity and depression in mothers with school children in Ray city.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 430 mothers of school children was
conducted in 2010 in Ray city. We employed USDA food security questionnaire.
The prevalence of depression in mothers was assessed by Beck Depression
Inventory (DBI).
Results: Household food insecurity was identified approximately in fifty
percent of participants and frequency of depression was 51.4% in mothers.
Depression in ‘food secure' group was 34.6%, and in ‘food insecure with hunger'
group was 77.8%. There was a positive relationship between depression and food
insecurity in mothers having primary school children living in Ray.
Conclusion: The
findings of this study revealed that level of food insecurity among mothers
seems high. This study highlights the need to integrate programs addressing
food insecurity and poor mental health for mothers.
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Tayebe Khazaie, Mohammad Dehghany, Gholamreza Sharifzadeh, Hamidreza Reyasie, J Phani, H Usefi,
Volume 10, Issue 1 (6-2014)
Abstract
Background & Objectives : Migraine is the most common type of headache in children. Over 30% of patients have disabilities, so early detection and timely treatment is necessary to prevent attacks, increase learning, and prevent absenteeism. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of migraine in children.
Methods: In this cross - sectional study with two-stage stratified random cluster sampling the International Headache Society (IHS) for migraine diagnosis and (PedMIDAS) questionnaire were completed through interviews with the students’ parents. Data was analyzed with SPSS software and chi-square test.
Results : Of 1117 children with a mean age of 41.1 ± 9 years, 551 (49.3) were female and 556 (50.7) were male of whom 185 (56.16%) had a headache and 40 (2.16%) had migraine. Most of the time, the pain started on the first day of the week with a moderate intensity. Aggravating factors were physical activity and stress, and alleviating factors were sleeping and resting. The pain was bilateral and was accompanied by nausea and vomiting. The mean number of headache attacks in the past three months was 8.85± 7.65 which lasted for a mean duration of 6.38 ± 8.02 hours with a mean interval of 24.70± 26.21days.
The frequency of migraine in children by age and sex were not significantly different. More than of the children had a positive family history but were not visited by the doctor. About 79.37% of the students had first degree disability, %54.10 had second degree disability, %9.05 had third degree disability, and % 1.04 had fourth degree disability.
Conclusion: Given the increasing prevalence of migraine with age and the risk of chronic diseases and individual and social impairment, it is important to prevent headache attacks through early identification and moderation of the aggravating factors and education of non-medical preventive methods.
