Showing 8 results for Meta-Analysis
A Akbarzadeh Bagheban, A Beaji, Y Mehrabi, H Saadat,
Volume 5, Issue 3 (12-2009)
Abstract
Background and objective: Numerous studies have reported beneficial effects of smoking cessation in terms of decreased cardiovascular mortality in patients with coronary heart disease. This paper aimed to determine a valid estimate for the relative risk of mortality in subjects who quit smoking compared to those continued smoking.
Methods: All relevant prospective cohort studies of chronic heart disease published during 1975 to 2008 were considered. Studies with at least two years follow-up were eligible for analysis. The qualities of studies were assessed independently by two reviewers. In addition, to obtain a precise estimate, we used the sample size and the follow-up duration of each study as the covariates in the Bayesian meta-analysis model. The Winbugs and Boa softwares were utilized for fitting the Bayesian meta-analysis model.
Results: The estimate of relative risk of mortality for those who quit smoking compared to those continued smoking was 0.64 (95%CI: 0.57-0.70). We also did not find any significant relationship between the estimate of risk reduction and the described covariates.
Conclusions: Using this Bayesian meta-analysis, a 36% reduction in relative risk of mortality was found for those who quit smoking compared to those continued smoking, after eliminating the effects of study sample size and follow-up duration.
Kh Refaie Shirpak, S Guruge, M Chinichian,
Volume 6, Issue 1 (6-2010)
Abstract
The popularity of qualitative research in the health sciences is steadily increasing. However individual qualitative research, alone, is unable to provide a comprehensive and broad understanding of the phenomenon under study. This may be the reason why the results of these studies are uncommonly used by health policy makers. Meta-synthesis is a method in which the results of a body of qualitative research are aggregated in order to produce a new and comprehensive interpretation of the studied phenomenon, in such a way that the final result still represents and includes the findings of the original studies. The lack of a comprehensive article in Farsi language in this field, encouraged the authors to write this paper to introduce this method and explain some of its essential components to familiarize health professionals, including researchers and students, with meta-synthesis. In this article, the following components of meta-synthesis are described: the definition, the necessity and the how-to of meta-synthesis a determining research question, the selection and analysis of the original studies, and lastly, meta-synthesis conductors.
Aa Haghdoost, A Pourkhandani, Sh Motaghipisheh, B Farhoudi, N Fahimifar, B Sadeghirad ,
Volume 6, Issue 4 (3-2011)
Abstract
Background & Objective: the number of people with HIV/AIDS in Iran is increasing. Populations' knowledge and awareness are crucial steps to prevent HIV/AIDS epidemic. This systematic review aimed to assess the level of knowledge and attitude toward HIV/AIDS in Iranian population.
Methods: Reviewing related titles in national and international databanks resulted in 62 eligible studies published between 1998 and 2008. To explore the source(s) of heterogeneity, meta-regression model was used.
Results: Due to the methodological diversity of included studies (e.g. their sampling or data collection methods) pooled estimation of the results were hard to be applied. The mean for knowledge score among 24 eligible studies (including 24,011 individuals) varied between 14.7 and 84.0 out of 100. Among those 16 eligible studies (including 11,104 individuals), the reported mean for attitude varied between 32.6 and 78.4 out of 100.
Conclusion: In overall, it seems that the knowledge and attitude in Iranian population still need to be improved however, the results from our systematic review showed a considerable heterogeneity among the results that can be originated from the diversity of target populations and/or their methodology of included studies. Planning for further targeted programs and modifying public education for more effective schemes are necessary to be emphasized, as there was not a significant change in the level of knowledge or attitude based on the included studies.
E Akhondzadeh, P Yavari, Y Mehrabi, A Kabir,
Volume 11, Issue 1 (6-2015)
Abstract
Background and Objectives : Various studies have reported different survival rates of patients with gastric cancer in Iran, and there is no overall estimate of the survival rate. The aim of this study was to conduct a meta-analysis of one, three, and five-year survival rate of patients with gastric cancer in Iran.
Methods: In this study, all of the national databases including Iran Medex, Magiran, SID, and Medlib and the English databases including Google Scholar and PubMed were searched by using the keywords “stomach cancer”, “survival rate” and other Persian and English synonymous keywords, in the period 1392-1339 . Then, all articles with inclusion criteria and acceptable quality were investigated. Der Simonian and Laird random effects models were used to combine the results of all studies. Other analyses including subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis, and assessment of publication bias were performed by using the funnel plot, and Beg’s and Egger’s tests. Finally, the data was analyzed using STATA software.
Results: Of the 235 articles found in the initial search, nine studies were eligible for this study. According to these studies, one, three and five-years survival rate of patients with gastric cancer was 0.57 (95% CI: 0.45-0.70), 0.29 (95% CI: 0.22-0.37), 0.17 (95% CI: 0.13-0.21), respectively.
Conclusion : Researches conducted in different parts of Iran are limited and there are no exact statistics on the survival rate in other parts of Iran. Therefore, further studies in the whole country are required to obtain more precise estimates of the survival and factors affecting it.
K Sayehmiri, M Azami, S Nikpey, M Borji, F Sayehmiri ,
Volume 11, Issue 3 (11-2015)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: In this regard, in addition to reducing exposure, the most effective way to prevent hepatitis B is vaccination. The coverage of hepatitis B vaccination in the Iranian Health Personnel is reportedly different in various studies and there is not an overall estimate of it. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the immune response to hepatitis B vaccine among Iranian Health Personnel using the meta-analysis method.
Methods: This study was a systematic review of the Iranian databases, including Magiran, Iran Medex, IRANDOC, SID, MEDLIB and international databases, including Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect and the Google Scholar search engine without any time limit to 2015 using standard Persian and English keywords. Searches were conducted by two researchers independently. Meta-analysis was performed using STATA, version 11.1 to combine data through Random Effects Model.
Results: We evaluated 6311 subjects in 21 studies. The history of injection and complete coverage of hepatitis B vaccination in the Health Personnel was 86.9% (CI: 95%, 83-90.7) and 70.3% (CI: 95%, 65.6-75), respectively. The minimum and maximum vaccination coverage were related to the North (52.7%) and West of Iran (87.2%), respectively.
Conclusion: The coverage of hepatitis B vaccination in Iranian Health Personnel is less than European countries, which requires new management strategies and policies to maximize hepatitis B vaccination in high risk professional groups.
M Asghari Jafarabadi , L Karimi, F Rahimi Bashar , A Vahedian Azimi ,
Volume 15, Issue 4 (1-2020)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) training as part of an educational program for patients involved in pathologic and physiological events (PPE) can have important physiological and psychological benefits for the patients, and can affect various dimensions of their lives including the quality of life. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to determine the effect of PMR on the quality of life of patients involved in PPE.
Methods: Through searching the words “PMR” and “quality of life (QOL)” in Persian databases including SID, MagIran, IranMedex, and IranDoc and international databases including Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, ProQuest, and ScienceDirect, all studies published on the effect of PMR on the QOL were extracted. The methodological quality of the papers was examined using Cochrane risk of bias. Data analysis was carried out using a random-effects model and heterogeneity was assessed by I2. The data were analyzed using the STATA software version 14.0.
Results: Of 495 studies, only 10 explored the effect of PMR on the QOL of patients. The pooled mean of the QOL and all dimensions were statistically significant, including physical functioning (0.339), physical role limitation (0.378), bodily pain (0.341), general health (0.598), social functioning (0.873), mental health (0.736), emotional role limitation (0.791), vitality (0.706), total physical dimensions (0.652), total mental dimensions (1.316), and total QOF score (0.480). Only one study had a low risk of bias.
Conclusion: Implementation of PMR has a significant effect on the quality of life of patients involved in PPE. PMR is recommended to improve the QOL of the patients.
Am Mosadeghrad, M Afshari, P Isfahani,
Volume 16, Issue 4 (3-2021)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: A nosocomial infection (NI) is defined as an infection occurring in a patient after 48 hours of hospitalization or up to 72 hours after discharge from the hospital, which was not present or incubating at the time of admission. NIs increase hospital mortality, decrease patient satisfaction, reduce hospital productivity, and increase health system costs. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of NIs in Iranian hospitals.
Methods: This study was performed using a systematic literature review and meta-analysis. Seven electronic databases and two search engines were searched using appropriate key words to identify research studies on NIs published in Persian and English languages from April 1997 to March 2019 in Iran. Finally, 15 empirical studies out of 89 records were reviewed. Data were analyzed using the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software.
Results: The studies reported a prevalence of 0.32% to 9.1% for NIs in Iranian hospitals. The pooled prevalence of NIs in Iranian hospitals was 0.01 % (95% CI 0.0% - 0.02%). The most common type of infection was urinary tract infection and the most common microorganism was Escherichia coli. The highest rate of nosocomial infections was seen in the intensive care unit, internal medicine ward and hematology ward. Suction was the most important risk factor for nosocomial infections.
Conclusion: The prevalence of NIs in Iranian hospitals is low according to the published studies. Appropriate strategies should be implemented to prevent and control NIs.
F Rashidi Fakari, Fa Rahnemaei, Z Kiani, F Rashidi Fakari, M Ghazanfarpour, N Kariman,
Volume 17, Issue 4 (3-2022)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: In most parts of the world, pelvic girdle and lower back pain are one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders, but its prevalence has been reported differently in studies around the world. were performed to investigate the-analysis Therefore, the present meta prevalence of pelvic girdle and lower back pain in pregnant women.
Methods: all articles published from 2005 to May 2020 using the keywords Pelvic Girdle Pain, Low back pain, Cross-Sectional, Prevalence, Epidemiology, Survey in Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science Core Collection,Science Direct and SID collected and reviewed. Munn et al. tools were used to evaluate the quality of studies and methodology.
Results: 26 studies with a sample size of 13430 showed that, the overall prevalence of pelvic girdle and low back pain in pregnant women is 50% (95% CI: 43-58%, I2: 98.9%) and in primigravida women 44% (95% CI: 35-54%, I2: 97.9). Also, the prevalence of pelvic girdle and low back pain was using the questionnaire 57% (95% CI: 47-68, I2: 99.04%), using a combination of methods 53% (95% confidence interval: 37-70, I2: 96.12%), using a VAS Scale 38%(95% confidence interval: 23-52, I2: 99.08%).
Conclusion: The results of the present study indicate a 50% prevalence of pelvic girdle and low back pain in pregnant women. Due to the high prevalence and effects of pain on the quality of life of pregnant women, it seems necessary to plan, policy and design effective interventions in this field by the treatment team.
