Showing 6 results for Traffic Accident
Z Rajabpoor, S.r Majdzadeh, A Feizzadeh Khorasani, A Motevalian, M Hoseini,
Volume 1, Issue 1 (12-2005)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Road traffic injuries are among the most important causes of death and disability in Iran, and the country has one of the highest prevalence of opioid drug use, especially among drivers. The effect of different situations related to opioid use needs great attention. The purpose of this study was to estimate the effect of driving in the withdrawal phase on the occurrence of traffic accidents leading to injury.
Materials and Methods: This is a Case-Crossover study on injured drivers of crashed motor vehicles in Kerman. Drivers having skipped one habitual drug dose within one hour of the driving session were considered as being in withdrawal. We compared the drivers' situation at the time of accident with their regular driving habits.
Results: Among 75 drivers who had history of regular use of opium, 15 were in withdrawal phase at the time of accident. The relative rate of occurrence of traffic injuries while driving in these circumstances was 2.67 (95% confidence interval: 1.52 - 4.68).
Conclusion: According to these findings we can conclude that habitual opioid users are at greater risk of traffic accidents while driving in withdrawal status this risk is more than two-fold relative to not being in withdrawal status.
K Khalaji, R Majdzadeh, Mr Eshraghian, A Motevalian, K Holakouie Naieni,
Volume 2, Issue 1 (3-2006)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Considering the lack of adequate basic information on risk factors for road traffic injuries in Iran, a study was conducted to determine the association between potential risk factors and the incidence of injuries in motor vehicle drivers.
Methods: We performed a population-based case-control study on Qazvin-Loshan road. Risk factors related to injury incidence were compared between 175 cases and 175 controls. Cases were drivers recently injured in road accidents. Controls did not have any injury and were selected systematically while the study was being conducted. Injury was defined as trauma needing medical or surgical treatment. Information was obtained through police reports and interviews with cases and controls.
Data were analyzed by two methods bivariate analysis (crude) and by a multivariate unconditional logistic regression model.
Results: In bivariate analysis, risk factors for road traffic injuries risk were failure to wear seat belts or protective helmets, ejection from vehicle, severity of collision, number of crashes, motorcycle vs. other motor vehicle accidents, fire, rain and fog, and collision with fixed objects. In the logistic model, factors such as seat belt or helmet use with OR= 0.619 (0.376-1.018), ejection from the vehicle with OR= 2.952 (1.235-7.056), severe collision with OR= 5.413 (2.865-10.224), motorcycle vs. other motor vehicle accident with OR= 3.164 (1.05-9.537) and raining and fog vs. good weather with OR= 4.562 (1.663-12.514) were found to influence injury incidence. There was an interaction between severity of collision and weather status.
Conclusions: Better speed control, use of seat belts or helmets, not using motorcycles for road travel and equipping vehicles with fire extinguishing capsules are recommended to reduce road accident injuries.
Mr Ghadirzadeh, A Shojaei, A Khademi, M Khodadoost, M Kandi, F Alaeddini, S Moradi,
Volume 11, Issue 2 (9-2015)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: The number of road traffic accidents (RTAs) and their mortality are increasing in the world. In Iran, RTAs have caused life losses and economical damages. Death is the most important consequence of the accidents in terms of social, economic, and even political expenditures. This paper reports the statistics of the mortality status in the last decade.
Methods: A 10-year study was conducted on national and provincial data of the last decade collected by Legal Medicine Research Center. The population information provided by the National Center of Statistics was used. SPSS 15.5 and Microsoft Office Excel 2007 were used for data analysis.
Results: Between 2001 and 2010, the annual average of 34.6 per hundred thousand people were killed in traffic accidents, more than 80% of the casualties are men. The highest number of deaths and injuries was observed in 2005 and the lowest occurred in 2001. RTAs had a descending trend trough the last decade but the rate of injuries increased. The death rates in Semnan, Qazvin, and Kerman were the highest and in Tehran, Ardabil, and West Azarbaijan were the lowest.
Conclusion: Although mortality rates due to RTAs declined during the last four years of the study period, direct and indirect costs of deaths resulting from RTAs in Iran are a sign of crisis.
F Shahbazi, H Soori, S Khodakarim, Mr , Ghadirzadeh , Ss Hashemi Nazari,
Volume 15, Issue 1 (5-2019)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: This research was conducted to investigate the socioeconomic and geographical inequality in mortality from road traffic accidents in Iran in 2016.
Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, the data of 16,584 people that died from road traffic accidents in 2016 were received from the Legal Medicine Organization. Theil entropy index was used to determine inequality in geographic areas. Moreover, relative and absolute concentration indices were used to measure inequality in mortality from RTAs across educational levels.
Results: The mortality rate from road traffic accident was 21.5 per 100,000 people. Theil index was 0.66 for traffic-related deaths among the provinces, indicating an unequal distribution of traffic injuries caused by traffic accidents among the provinces. When inequality was measured at smaller geographical levels, i.e., among cities in each province, the results indicated a fair distribution across smaller geographic levels. The focus index also indicated a fair distribution of traffic accidents among the deceased sub-classes (concentration index & 95% CI: -0.13 (-0.41; 0.16).
Conclusion: Our findings showed that the distribution of mortality from road traffic accidents was unequal at provincial positions. According to our findings, mortality from traffic accidents was distributed equally among the socioeconomic and urban levels. Therefore, health managers can use the findings of this study to develop interventions to reduce inequalities. In addition to targeting factors contributing to known social inequalities in the health and social status, other factors should be considered and applied to evaluate their interventions in the future.
H Soori, T Yousefinezhadi, E Haghighat Manesh,
Volume 17, Issue 3 (12-2021)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Road accidents are a major public health problem and one of the leading causes of death in the world. Some survivors of traffic accidents experience acute stress disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder during weeks to months following the accident. These disorders can have disastrous effects on victims and their inability to return to normal living conditions.
Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study. The Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder checklist (PCL5) was used to assess acute stress disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder. The sample size was 384 people and the data were collected one week and two months after the trauma in the orthopedic, emergency and inpatient wards of Taleghani, Shohadaye Tajrish and Haftom Tir hospitals. This study was conducted between October and January 2016.
Results: This study was conducted on 350 participants. About 49% of the participants (n = 172) met the diagnostic criteria for acute stress disorder and 40.6% (n = 142) met the diagnostic criteria for post-traumatic stress disorder. There was a relationship between demographic variables of age and death of a close family or friend and the severity of post-traumatic stress disorder.
Conclusion: According to the results, about half of the participants had acute stress disorder and met the diagnostic criteria of post-traumatic stress disorder. This result highlights the high prevalence of this disorder in traffic accident victims and the importance of its follow-up and control.
M Sasanipour, A Khosravi, M Moheby Meymandi,
Volume 17, Issue 4 (3-2022)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Considering the high contribution of unintentional accidents to mortality, particularly in males in Iran, and their changes over the last decade, a study was conducted to review the share of deaths due to unintentional accidents in sex difference in life expectancy at birth in the country over the last decades.
Methods: The mortality data for the years 2006 to 2015 were obtained from the Ministry of Health and Medical Education. Then, the child mortality was corrected using the intercensal generational method and adult mortality was corrected for underreporting based on the Bennett-Horiuchi method. The contribution of mortality changes due to unintentional accidents to increase in females’ life expectancy was calculated using the ARIAGA decomposition method.
Results: The sex differential in life expectancy was about 3.5 years in 2006 in Iran, which decreased to 2.9 years in 2011 and increased to 3 years in in 2015. The unintentional accidents in all three periods played a dominant role in sex differential mortality, but its contribution over time was significantly reduced, with a contribution of 60% to around 42% between 2006 and 2015.
Conclusion: Due to the slowdown in the increase in life expectancy at birth in Iran in recent decades, attention to differential mortality, including sex difference in mortality and identification of potentials to increase life expectancy according to different groups, can increase life expectancy.
