Ali Ebrahimi, Md, Mansour Rezaei, Phd, Habibollah Khazaei, Md, Hossein Kavoussi, Md, Nooshin Nani,
Volume 4, Issue 2 (6-2013)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Irritant contact dermatitis of hands is a chronic and recurrent cutaneous disorder following the contact with detergents and chemicals. Obsessive compulsive disorder is highly frequent among dermatologic patients, and may be presented with signs of irritant contact dermatitis of hands. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency and relationship between obsessive compulsive disorder and irritant contact dermatitis, among women with chronic and recurrent irritant contact of hands dermatitis in Haj Daie Dermatology Clinic in Kermanshah.
Methods: This case-control analytic study was carried out on 139 females with irritant contact dermatitis of hands and 102 female patients without any history of irritant contact dermatitis of hands. Obsessive compulsive disorder was determined based on the clinical interview using DSM-IV-TR (SCID) by a psychiatrist. Data analysis was performed using chi-square and z-test.
Results: The mean age in the case group was 28.2±8.4 and in the control group was 28.4±6.3 years. Fifty-eight (41.7%) of hand dermatitis patients and 5 (4.9%) of control group had obsessive compulsive disorder (P<0.05). Obsessive compulsive disorder was seen in 29 and 14 patients with moderate and severe irritant contact dermatitis, respectively.
Conclusion: Obsessive compulsive disorder is common in irritant contact dermatitis of hands. Psychiatric evaluation in female patients with chronic irritant contact dermatitis of hands especially moderate and severe forms is suggested.
Farhad Handjani, Md, Maryam Sadat Sadati, Md, Ali Firoozabadi, Md, Vala Rezaei, Sara Akramzadeh,
Volume 4, Issue 2 (6-2013)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Acne is one of the most common skin diseases. One of the best treatments is systemic isotretinoin. Some studies link its use with depression, psychiatric problems and suicide, but it is still a matter of debate. So, this study was designed to determine the frequency of depression in acne patients, treated with isotretinoin.
Methods: Fifty-nine acne patients between 16 -30 years old were included. The patients received 0.5-1 mg/kg/day isotretinoin for 16 weeks. At the beginning and at the end of study, the Beck questionnaire was completed by the patients and the results were analyzed.
Results: The mean score of the Beck questionnaire was 13.19 at the beginning of the study and 14.80 after 4 months of treatment with isotretinoin (P=0.0001).
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that isotretinoin may have a small, but still noticeable increase in depression scores of acne patients. However, it is important to consider that various other parameters, such as individual’s psychological status at the time of completing the questionnaire, might influence the results. So, further studies with more patients and longer durations, and the use of other pertinent questionnaires, are recommended.
Ahmad Sarikhani, Hamidreza Mohajerani, Phd, Mowlood Gandomani,
Volume 4, Issue 2 (6-2013)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Seborrheic dermatitis is a chronic dermatitis that has been observed in both neonates and adults. It has been reported following stress, decreasing of mental and somatic energy, tiredness, insomnia, excitability, depression, etc. All of mentioned effects have adverse effects on health activity and result in body weakness. The aim of this study was evaluating general health indices of Arak Islamic Azad university students that suffered from seborrheic dermatitis using Goldberg scale.
Methods: Three hundred and eighteen students were randomly selected and examined, among them 101 students who suffered from seborrheic dermatitis completed the General Health Questionnaire and then the data were statistically described and analyzed.
Results: Forty-one percent of students with seborrheic dermatitis had body symptoms. Anxiety, communicative act failure and depression were observed in 48%, 65% and 31% of patients, respectively.
Conclusion: The findings of this study indicated the strong relationship between seborrheic dermatitis and communicative act failure.
Nafiseh Esmaeili, Md, Zahra Halaji, Md, Amirhooshang Ehsani, Md, Mahboubeh Eghbalian, Md, Abbas Karimi,
Volume 4, Issue 2 (6-2013)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Alopecia Areata is a chronic inflammatory disease which involves hair follicles. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of oral sulfasalazine in the treatment of recalcitrant alopecia areata.
Methods: Patients with refractory alopecia areata who were eligible for the study, after providing informed consent were treated with oral sulfasalazine for 6 months. After completion of treatment, regrowth of vellus and terminal hairs were determined based on clinical examination and comparing the new photographs with the baseline ones.
Results: Sixteen patients were enrolled in the present study but only 5 patients completed it. No response was seen in 3 patients. After 4 months, 55-60% response to treatment was observed in 1 patient, but the disease relapsed at the end of fourth month. In 1 patient, 15% hair regrowth was observed but treatment was discontinued after the second month due to side effects. Side effects were observed in 2 patients.
Conclusion: Since only refractory alopecia areata patients had been enrolled to the study, the results could not be generalized to all patients with alopecia areata. Therapeutic response in the patients with alopecia areata is disappointing and any poor treatment response or failure of treatment in refractory cases of the disease cannot rule out the efficacy of the drug in the milder forms of the alopecia areata.
Amiirhooshang Ehsani, Md, Pedram Noormohammadpour, Md, Asieh Shakib, Fatemeh Gholamali, Md,
Volume 4, Issue 2 (6-2013)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Xanthelasma is a benign condition considered which is mainly as a cosmetic problem. There are many destructive treatment options that may result in scar formation and dyspigmentation such as cryotherapy and electro-cauthery. According to these side effects finding a non-invasive solution could be important. At this study we aimed to evaluate the effect of PDL laser in the treatment xanthalasma.
Methods: Patients with bilateral palpebral xanthelasma having normal serum lipid profile were eligible for the study if they had no history of a collagen vascular disease or dermatologic disorders that were associated with Koebner phenomenon. All patients had two separate pulsed dye laser (PDL) treatment sessions, with a four-week gap in between and were photographed before every laser treatment session and four weeks after the second session. Visual analogue scale (VAS) scoring system was used to determine effect of treatment by two academic dermatologists blinded to the study as the referees. Mean healing score by the two referees considered as final score.
Results: Nine patients with a mean age (±standard deviation) of 38.0 (±9.2) years were included. All patients were female. The commonest site of lesions was upper lid, and final resolution score for all patients was less than 25%. There were no significant differences between viewpoints of the two referees. There were no major post operative complications. Patients followed for six months after the end of the treatment and there was no adverse effect.
Conclusion: The present study failed to demonstrate therapeutic efficacy of PDL in the treatment of xanthelasma. PDL with limited session numbers could not be considered as an alternative treatment for xanthelasma palpebrarum.
Zohreh Bakhtiyari, Msc, Mohammadreza Radan, Md,
Volume 4, Issue 2 (6-2013)
Abstract
Skin is one of the most sensitive parts of the body and is important to maintain the beauty of man. Herbal products have fewer side effects than chemicals and have pharmacological effects on the skin, so are used in cosmetic preparations.
Books, articles and electronic databases including ISI Web of Science, PubMed, Magiran and IranMedex were searched to identify plants with positive effects on the skin, regardless of adverse effects and their interactions.
A number of plants which were used in the treatment of skin diseases and their effects had been established, were chosen and reviewed. Avocado, thyme, aloe vera, chamomile, almond, licorice, calendula, olive and yarrow were included in this review.
There are many herbs that have a role in the prevention and treatment of skin diseases, and are used in either traditional medicine or the preparation of cosmetics. The effects of a number of them have been scientifically proved and this information for the production of cosmetic and pharmaceutical products can be used.
Vahide Lajevardi, Md, Fatemeh Gholamali, Md, Kambiz Kamyab, Md, Maede Rayati Damavandi, Md, Tahereh Soori, Md, Azadeh Goodarzi, Md, Zeinab Aryanian, Md,
Volume 4, Issue 2 (6-2013)
Abstract
Ichthyosis is defined as a group of diseases with keratinization disorder and diffuse scaling with highly variable degree of involvement. According to our knowledge, coincidence of ichthyosis and dermatophytosis, which both are very common disorders, is a very rare event. We report a young man with congenital ichthyosis that histological analysis of his skin biopsies and direct smear revealed PAS positive fungi. He had used topical steroids for generalized scaling erythematous patches and plaques for long time.
Akram Ansar, Leyla Jahangard, Pouyan Pahlevani, Bahman Rasouli, Saadat Torabian, Sahar Rasouli,
Volume 4, Issue 3 (9-2013)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Psoriasis vulgaris is a common chronic
dermatic disease impresses many aspects of patients’ life. Many clinical
researches focus on quality of life recently, to evaluate clinical
interventions and treatments. This study planned to recognize different aspects
of life in patients suffer psoriasis vulgaris.
Methods: This case-control study was performed on 100
patients suffer psoriasis vulgaris in 1391 year and 100 people who didn’t have
any specific disease as control group. Quality of life was measured by standard
quality of life questionnaire (SF-36) and data obtained were analyzed with chi
square and t tests.
Results: Average score of SF-36 in psoriasis patients group
65.05±15.51 was significantly less than control group 78.31±11.93 (P<0.001). Difference between patients and
control group was significant in all of aspects except physical and emotional
aspects (P<0.05).
Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, patients
with psoriasis vulgaris had a significantly lower quality of life, in
comparison with the control group. Therefore, these patients require special
attention and specific planning to improve and manage different aspects of
their lives.
Adele Mobarak-Abadi , Razie Rajabi, Yusef Khani, Amir Almasi-Hashiani ,
Volume 4, Issue 3 (9-2013)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Skin cancer is the most common
malignancy in the world with high morbidity and relatively low mortality. Basal
cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common type of cancer and its incidence is
increasing. The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence of skin
cancer in the years 1386 to 1390 is in the Markazi Province, Iran.
Methods: In this study the data of Markazi Province Cancer Registry
were used and incidence rate was calculated per 100,000 person. Age
standardized incidence rates were calculated via direct standardization method
using world standard population. Finally, the data were analyzed using SPSS, Excel,
and WinPepi softwares.
Results: In Markazi Province, 958 patients with skin cancer
were recorded during 1386-90. The age-standardized incidence rates in these
years were 21.54, 12.06, 13.79, 18.29 and 15.79 per 100,000 people
respectively. There was no significant change in the trend of skin cancer incidence
rates.
Conclusion: Skin cancer was higher in men than women, and
most cases occur in the elderly. Development of screening programs is
recommended to detect skin cancer in its early stages in older men, especially
in those who have been exposed to the sun for long times.
Soheil Rafiee, Fatemeh Mehravar, Mohammad Dehghan, Abdolaref Salehi,
Volume 4, Issue 3 (9-2013)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease
that typically affects the skin and peripheral nerves and can cause
irreversible disabilities. The objective of this study was to assess the status
of disability caused by leprosy in the Golestan Province in Iran.
Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study,
patients affected with leprosy whom were referred to Health Network in Golestan
Province from April 1971 to September 2008 were studied. Sampling method was simple
census method. Data collected from the medical records of patients were
statistically described and analyzed.
Results: In this 38-year period, from 100 leprosy patients
investigated, 68% were men. Average age was 35.6±16.4 years. The majority of cases were in rural areas
(78%) and mostly were labor jobs (39%). Clinical type of the disease was multibacillary
(MB) in 64% cases. 62% of patients had MDT treatment. The majority of lesions
in patients were macules (15%). Performance problem were positive in 6 percent
and was negative or uncertain in others. Disability was more common in male
patients, and most disable patients were 35-55 years old.
Conlusion: Most leprosy patients in Golestan Province had
grade 0 or 1 disability.
Nafiseh Esmaeili, Mansoureh Akhavan, Hossein Mortazavi, Abbas Karimi,
Volume 4, Issue 3 (9-2013)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Bullous pemphigoid is an acquired
autoimmune disease with subepidermal blisters commonly seen in the elderly over
60 years old. The exact survival rate of the patients with bullous pemphigoid
was not available in Iran. The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk
factors of 5-year mortality of bullous pemphigoid patients.
Methods: In this retrospective study, 66 bullous pemphigoid
patients referred to Razi hospital from 1986 to 2006 were studied. Age, sex,
consumed corticosteroid type, duration of hospitalization, and clinical form of
bullous pemphigoid, ESR and comorbidities were evaluated to determine the risk
factors associated with patients’ 5-year mortality rate.
Results: Forty-seven patients (71.2 %) had
5-year survival. The most common comorbidities were cardiovascular diseases
(28.8%), diabetes (15%) and chronic respiratory diseases (9%). There was a significant
relationship between the age and the 5-year survival rate, in other words
patients aged over 70 years had a less 5-year survival rate (P<0.001). There was no statistically
significant association with gender, the type of corticosteroid, the disease clinical
forms, duration of hospitalization or ESR and 5-year survival (P>0.05).
Conclusion: The current study found a
significant relationship between the age of the patients and 5-year survival. Larger
studies considering more potential risk factors and more appropriate designs
might help to estimate the survival rate of patients with bullous pemphigoid
more precisely.
Abbas Majdabadi, Mohammad Abazari,
Volume 4, Issue 3 (9-2013)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Liposuction is one of the most popular
procedures for removing unwanted body fat deposits now. The conventional
methods for liposuction however have many drawbacks among them is long
recovery time, scars, bruising, skin flaccidity and excessive blood loss.
Considering the increasing demand for body sculpting, the need to improve these
techniques is of vital importance. One of these newly proposed techniques is
laser assisted lipolysis. Laser lipolysis is now widely used for body
contouring and sculpting. Less trauma, bleeding and pain is among the main
advantages of this method.
Methods: Photons propagation and scattering within the
biological tissues can effectively investigated by using numerical methods. In
this study we used the Monte Carlo simulation method to simulate photons
directions, absorption and scattering inside the tissue. This method uses a
random number generator for photons creation, moving inside the tissue and
termination. In this simulation we considered both the wavelength and fluence
variations effects on the photon absorption rate and penetration depth inside
the fat tissue.
Results: Our study showed the increasing of penetration depth
with decreasing of absorption coefficient. We observed that deepest penetration
depth for 920 nm wavelength as it has lowest absorption coefficient. We also
concluded that increasing the laser power (increase in fluence of laser)
resulted in increasing the penetration depth of laser radiation. Increasing the
radius of laser beam (decreasing the fluence) on the other hand resulted in
reduction in penetration depth.
Conclusion: Monte Carlo simulation of radiation propagation
within the biological tissue has proved to be an efficient method. This method
effectively simulates the physical components of laser radiation. Our findings
indicate that to have laser lipolysis more efficient and safe, it is essential
to choose suitable wavelength.
Hamed Mahdizadeh, Haleh Ayatollahi, Nafiseh Esmaeili, Kamkar Mehran Kamkar ,
Volume 4, Issue 3 (9-2013)
Abstract
It is more than a decade that teledermatology has been
considered as a potential substitute for the face to face visits. To evaluate
its quality, the reliability and accuracy of teledermatology diagnoses are
compared to those which are made in face to face visits. In this article, the
results of the studies which have compared the reliability and accuracy of
diagnoses had been made using teledermatology to the face to face visits were
reviewed.
Different resources, such as electronic databases and e-journals
were used to choose relevant articles related to teledermatology published
between 1997 and 2013, and their main focus was on the reliability and accuracy
of diagnoses in teledermatology compared to those in the face to face visits.
The reliability and accuracy of diagnoses in
teledermatology compared to those in the face to face visits was more than 60%.
Moreover, improving the reliability and accuracy depended on different factors,
such as image quality, clinical information, differential diagnoses,
consultation with other colleagues and gaining their secondary opinions.
It seems that providing adequate clinical information about
patients can help to improve the reliability and accuracy of diagnoses in
teledermatology. In this case, teledermatology can be used to provide
healthcare services for the distant areas and the poor.
Zahra Yaghoubi, Sakine Goljaryan, Mirali Eteraf Osckui,
Volume 4, Issue 3 (9-2013)
Abstract
Idiopathic (primary) hyperhidrosis is defined as an excessive
sweating with no clear cause and usually results in social, psychological, and
professional disturbances.
In this study, tap water and normal saline iontophoresis were
used in a 21-year-old female suffering from severe idiopathic palmoplantar
hyperhidrosis.The result of 8 sessions iontophoresis showed that tap water and
normal saline iontophoresis are effective in treatment of idiopathic
hyperhidrosis. However, in contrast with other studies, normal saline
iontophoresis was twice more effective than tap water iontophores. Quality of
life of the patient was improved.
Anahita Sadeghi, Behrouz Navabakhsh, Gita Shafiee, Maryam Aalaa, Mohammad Bagher Larijani, Alireza Firooz, Vajihe Marsoosi, Azadeh Sayarifard, Hamidreza Aghaei Meybodi,
Volume 4, Issue 4 (12-2013)
Abstract
Despite the large number of patients presenting with hirsutism and high prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome, for which hirsutism is an important sign, no national guidelines are currently available to Iranian primary-care and family physicians for its diagnosis and management. We have integrated highest levels of evidence and expert consensus to provide a national guideline to standardize and unify the Iranian primary-care and family physician’s approach to hirsutism.
Saman Ahmad Nasrollahi, Hesam Alibakhshi, Alireza Firooz,
Volume 4, Issue 4 (12-2013)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Shampoos are surfactant systems to clean hair and body. Two kinds of surfactants are generally used in shampoo formulations: anionic and amphoteric. These agents, especially anionic ones may cause skin irritation and dryness after bathing. So, using a simple and fast method to determine the types and concentrations of surfactants can help to choose a product with high efficacy and low side effects. This study was aimed to determine surfactant concentrations using potentiometric titration method.
Methods: Ten hair and body shampoos were selected from Iran's market to determine concentration of anionic and amphoteric surfactants using potentiometric titration method with prepared standard solution.
Results: All formulations contain both surfactants, but one formulation did not have the amphoteric one.
Conclusion: When we want to choose a shampoo for irritated and dry skin, formulations with more amphoteric surfactant should be chosen because they are much milder on the skin in comparison with anionic surfactants. Potentiometric method which was described in this study is one of the easiest ways to find out which shampoo is suitable for each patient.
Ahmad Alipour, Zare Hossein, Emadi Seyyed Naser, Abdollahzade Hassan,
Volume 4, Issue 4 (12-2013)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Psoriasis is a chronic disease that causes deformity and disability in patients. There is little information about the impact of psychological interventions upon this disease. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of group cognitive behavioral therapy upon physical factors such as severity and level of disease and extent of itching, and mental health of psoriasis patients.
Methods: This research was conducted as a semi-experimental study using pre-test and post-test with a control group and the follow-up period. Twenty Psoriasis patients were allocated into experimental and control groups. The group cognitive behavioral therapy was administered to 10 psoriasis patients allocated into the experimental group for 12 sessions. The members of both groups filled in the Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) for the assessment of severity of psoriasis, general health questionnaire (GHQ), and the Quality of life in patients with pruritus (ItchyQoL) questionnaires.
Results: The results indicated that the group cognitive-behavioral therapy did not have any impact upon the improvement of physical symptoms (severity and level of disease and extent of itching), but it was effective on improving the patients' psychological status. Cognitive behavioral therapy has improved the patients' general health. There is a significant difference between the two groups in terms of multiple covariance analysis for different aspects of general health, including anxiety and insomnia (effect size 0.45 and P=0.004), depression (effect size: 0.25 and P=0.044), physical symptoms (effect size 0.28 and P=0.033), and social functioning (effect size 0.41 and P=0.003).
Conclusion: Although, based on the results, the group cognitive behavioral therapy does not directly affect reduction of physical symptoms of psoriasis the effectiveness of this method on patients' psychological symptoms is considerable as a mediator in the onset, exacerbation, and relapse of the disease.
Mohammad Ebrahimzadeh, Hossein Hajhosseini, Farideh Dehghani, Parichehr Kafaie, Davoud Dehghani Ashkezari,
Volume 4, Issue 4 (12-2013)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Hirsutism is one of the most common reasons for which women visit dermatology and beauty clinics. Lasers have got considerable popularity during last two decades because they can reduce unwanted hairs. This study was conducted to evaluate the satisfaction of patients with hirsutism traeted with diode laser, IPL or combination of both.
Methods: In this retrospective study, hirsute patients referred to Yazd Laser Center from October 2011 until October 2012 were studied. Patient satisfaction from the amount of hair loss one month after starting treatment, one month after the end of treatment and 6 months after treatment were asked using telephone.
Results: Patient satisfaction one month after the end of the treatment with diode laser was higher than the other two methods (P=0.034). Patient satisfactions at one month after initiation of the treatment and six months after the end of the treatment were not the statistically significant. The number of laser sessions was similar in the three groups.
Conclusion: Results of the current study revealed that there was no significant difference in the patient satisfaction with diode laser, IPL and combination of both methods in the treatment of hirsutism 6 months after the end of the treatment.
Hana Mirzabeigi, Mina Mamizadeh, Ali Delpisheh, Mohammad Mehdi Safari, Morteza Mansourian,
Volume 4, Issue 4 (12-2013)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Eczema is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease that reduces quality of life of the patient. The present clinical trial with control group aimed to determine therapeutic effects of natural honey plus cold cream compared to cold cream alone on hand eczema.
Methods: Through a blind clinical trial, 72 patients with hand eczema were categorized in two equal groups. The first group used a mixture of honey plus cold cream and the other group applied cold cream alone. Patients used either Treatment 2 times a day for 21 days on their lesions. The effects including relief of symptoms such as dryness, redness, itching and scaling were evaluated by a dermatologist as well as the patients themselves. The results were analyzed using SPSS software and P values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
Results: According to the physician’s evaluation, 26 (36.1 %) patients in group combined honey and coldcream, were cured and 9 (59.12%) patients do not recover while in cold cream alone group, 6 (3.8%) patients were recovered and 30 (7.41%) patients did not. This difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). According to the patients evaluation in group combined honey and coldcream, 26 (36.1%) felt better and 9 cases (59.12%) did not, while the corresponding rates in group cold cream alone were 6 (2.8%) and 30 patients (7.1%) respectively. This finding was statistically significant (P<0.001).
Conclusions: With respect to the therapeutic effects of honey on hand eczema, it is recommended to use honey with other therapies to treat eczema.
Saman Ahmad Nasrollahi, Hesam Alibakhshi,
Volume 4, Issue 4 (12-2013)
Abstract
The use of sunscreens should also be recommended in order to work against all kind of ultarviolet (UV)-induced skin damage such as photoallergies, skin wrinkles, sunburn or even skin cancer. Sunscreens contain chemical filters (organic absorb regularly UVB radiation) and physical filters (e.g., TiO2 and ZnO). The second group has been said to reflect and scatter UVB and UVA radiation. TiO2 is also extensively used in sunscreen formulations as active broadband sunscreens that blocks both UVB (290–320 nm) and UVA (320–400 nm). Although titanium dioxide is listed as a safe pigment, with no known adverse effects when it is used in cosmetics, but we should concern about ultrafine or nanoparticle form of titanium dioxide. If titanium dioxide particles used to act as a sunscreen are small enough, they can penetrate the cells, leading to photocatalysis within the cell, and cause DNA damage after exposure to sunlight.
