Showing 16 results for Fattahi
Azin Ayatollahi, Elnaz Iraji, Alireza Firooz, Seyed Ebrahim Eskandari, Ali Farzanegan, Azam Fattahi,
Volume 10, Issue 2 (2019, Volume 10, Number 2 2019)
Abstract
Onychomycosis is a common nail disorder. If left untreated, it may cause nail deformity and nail plate dystrophy. Since nails have aesthetic importance, onychomycosis may have some impact on quality of life by causing a change in the appearance of nail and/or nail dystrophy and by interfering with fine activities carried out by hand. The aim of this review is to evaluate the quality of life in patients with onychomycosis.
Azam Fattahi, Ali Zarei Mahmoudabadi,
Volume 10, Issue 2 (2019, Volume 10, Number 2 2019)
Abstract
Mycetoma usually involves the skin, the subcutaneous tissues and deep structures such as the muscle and bone, but infection can also spread to more distant sites through the blood and lymph. If left untreated, the disease leads to deformity and loss of function, which may be fatal. The disease has a severe medical and socioeconomic impact on individuals, communities and health authorities. Elaborating a public health strategy for the prevention and control of mycetoma will require collection of epidemiological data on its burden as well as precise diagnosis and early treatment strategies.
Azam Fattahi, Fardin Ahmadkhani, Kambiz Kamyab, Mahdi Lotfi, Azin Ayatollahi,
Volume 10, Issue 3 (Volume 10, No 3 2019)
Abstract
ntroduction: Leprosy is an infectious disease which primarily affect skin and peripheral nerves. Mycobacterium leprae and Mycobacterium lepromatosis that are the acid-fast bacillus are known to be cause of leprosy. Genetic factors and immunological function have some roles in susceptibility of developing leprosy. There are some cases of familial leprosy.
Case Report: Here in, we report a case of familial leprosy which in one member it was symptomatic and others were asymptomatic with positive skin smear for mycobacterium leprosy bacilli.
Conclusion: We recommend in addition to approach and manage lepromatous patients, their families be also evaluated.
Ensieh Lotfali, Akram Miraminmohammadi, Mahshid Shahrzad, Ali Khamesipoor, Alireza Firooz, Azam Fattahi,
Volume 11, Issue 1 (Volume 11, No 1 2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The aim of the present study is rapid and precise identification of yeast species isolated from nail of patients with clinical features of onychomycosis using PCR-RFLP technique.
Methods: 50 patients with involvement of 29 fingernails and 21 toenails were enrolled in the study. Different yeast species were identified by conventional mycological. The PCR-RFLP was tested on yeast isolated and the PCR-RFLP products were separated by electrophoresis in 2% agarose gel, with DNA stain.
Results: The main causative agents were yeasts in 12 cases (24%). Candida albicans was the most commonly isolated yeast species followed by Candida parapsilosis (6%), and Candida glabrata (4 %).
Conclusion: PCR-RFLP method using ITS1-ITS4 primers and MspI restriction enzymes is a rapid, accurate and cost-effective method for specific diagnosis of the most prevalent candida spp. Its ability to detect low amounts of fungal DNA in patient samples in 6-8 hours could be useful for clinical laboratories for optimal management of these infections.
Azam Fattahi, Ensieh Lotfali, Sayna Iranpanah, Yasaman Rezaee, Reza Ghasemi,
Volume 11, Issue 1 (Volume 11, No 1 2020)
Abstract
Superficial dermatophytoses are among the most common infectious disease. The most commonly used antifungal categories reazoles, polyenes and echinocandins. Due to the limited number of available antifungal drugs, toxicity and the emergence of resistant (intrinsic or acquired) strains, antifungal strategy needs to be developed. Recently the researchers try to find alternative antifungal agents. This review emphasizes the action and resistance mechanisms to antifungal drugs, the search for new agents, drug- resistant genes, and the application of combination therapy and immunomodulators (using cytokines and gamma interferon which can provide novel insights to fighting fungal infections). A comprehensive review study was performed using the keywords including Candida, antifungal drugs and drug resistance in valid medical databases, mainly PubMed. Articles that were most relevant to the purposes of the study were selected and studied. Problems with antifungal resistance and the emergence of resistant strains of fungal has produced an enormous demand for new antifungal agents. The clinical complexity of patients with resistant mycoses prevents an easy approach to the detection, prevention, and management of antifungal drug resistance. Continuing investigation will illustrate the role of susceptibility testing for resistant mycoses and on clinical strategies used to fighting antifungal drug resistance in pathogenic fungi.
Ensieh Lotfali, Zahra Cheraghi, Yasamin Farzaneh, Zakieh Dehbashi, Mahtab Dorrian, Mahyar Keymaram, Azam Fattahi,
Volume 12, Issue 2 (Volume 12, No 2 2021)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Onychomycosis is an infection caused by yeast, filamentous and non-filamentous fungi, due to diverse conditions. This study aimed to investigate the pattern of azole susceptibility of candidate species isolated from Iranian patients in Tehran.
Methods: After sampling from patients, identification of the isolated strains were performed with Candida chrom agar medium and PCR-sequencing test. Drug Susceptibility pattern of the species to fluconazole, itraconazole and ketoconazole were determined by CLSI-M27-A3/S4 standard method.
Results: In this study, 34 candidate isolates were identified, of which 26 isolates (76.5%) were Candida albicans and 8 isolates (23.5%) were Candida glabrata. In fluconazole, 4 (11%) of the isolates were dose-dependent sensitive and the others were sensitive. In itraconazole, 21 (61%) dose-dependent isolates and 2 (5%) resistant isolates were identified, and in ketoconazole, all isolates were sensitive. The geometric mean (GM) of the minimum inhibitory concentration for fluconazole, itraconazole and ketoconazole was 0.32, 0.21 and 0.15 μg/mL, respectively. In this study, the most frequently isolated species was C. albicans. According to the GM values, the most effective azoles was ketoconazole.
Conclusion: The prevalence and pattern of susceptibility of Candida species to azole may vary in different populations of patients. Therefore, it is recommended that the clinicians pay attention to the results of drug susceptibility tests and then treat patients by considering drug interactions and side effects.
Afsarolmoluk Hadadian, Azin Ayatollahi, Akram Miraminmohammadi, Mahshid Shahrzadkavkani, Alireza Firooz, Ensieh Lotfali, Mahsa Fattahi,
Volume 12, Issue 3 (Volume 12, No 3 2021)
Abstract
Introduction: Dermatophytosis are micro-organisms which can lead to skin diseases. In rare occasions they can have atypical skin manifestations, which could result in delay in diagnosis.
Case Report: A 20-year-old Iranian boy was referred to our center with a 5-month history of circular, symmetrical, itchy crusted skin lesions on his groin. Direct microscopy, culture test and PCR-sequencing of ITS regions of the rDNA gene were conducted and showed T. indotinea as the causative agent. Based on antifungal susceptibility test oral pulse therapy with itraconazole 100 mg twice daily for 1 week combined with topical clotrimazole cream for 1 month was initiated, which cleared the lesions.
Conclusion: This case report is of significance since T. indotinea produces atypical skin lesions, as well as, multidrug resistance to antifungal agents.
Zahrabeigom Moosavi, Alireza Firooz, Mahsa Fattahi,
Volume 12, Issue 4 (Volume 12, No 4 2022)
Abstract
Introduction: Tinea incognito is a localized skin infection caused by a fungus. Due to the use of corticosteroids, the shape and severity of the lesion are different from the usual skin manifestations by dermatophytes.
Background and Aim: A 39-year-old female with history of erythematous, scaly skin lesions on her hands, buttock, inguinal and both legs for 7 months referred to clinician, who prescribed Calamine-D and hydrocortisone without any treatment and clobetazole was recomended. She self-continued clobetazole. This case highlight the importance of mycological test in case of atypical skin lesions to choose an appropriate treatment and avoiding to spread of drug resistance species.
Methods: Regarding to history of patient, the mycological test (Direct Microscopy and culture) was made. In direct microscopy and culture mycelia of dermatophyte species was seen.
Results: In our case steroid discontinued and she was treated with oral terbinafine 250 mg once a day for 4 weeks in combination with topical clotrimazole cream.
Conclusion: the prescription of topical/oral corticosteroids should still be limited and take a caution until confirmation of diagnosis, particularly since the use of steroids during COVID 19.
Azin Ayatollahi, Taraneh Yazdanparast, Saman Ahmadnasrollahi, Mahsa Fattahi, Mahdieh Emambakhsh, Alireza Firooz,
Volume 13, Issue 1 (Volume 13, No 1 2022)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Hair loss is one of the most common problems among the skin and hair related diseases. Hair loss can lead to anxiety, depression, low self-esteem and dissatisfaction with appearance.
Methods: Patients with androgenetic alopecia who met the eligibility criteria entered the study. Participants were asked to randomly apply a solution of valproic acid 8.3% or a solution of minoxidil 5% on the affected areas according to the treatment protocol (twice a day). Before and 2 months after treatment, the participants were evaluated. The studied indices included the number of hair follicles in the specified area, the number of velus hairs, the number of terminal hairs, the average hair thickness, and the percentage of hairs in the anagen and telogen phases, as well as the skin reactions in the area. Hairs were examined at the beginning of the study and at 2 months after treatment using Foto Finder-trichoscale device.
Results: Two months after treatment compared to baseline in the valproic group, anagen hair count index (P=0.02), general hair count index (P=0.03), and terminl hair count index (P=0.012) showed significant changes. While telogen hair count (P=0.059) and vellus hair count (P=0.097) did not show significant changes. These changes were more significated in minoxidil group.
Conclusion: 8.3% valproic acid solution showed positive effects in increasing the number of hairs and decreasing the percentage of telogen hairs. Due to the delayed mechanism of valproic acid, the duration of treatment with this compound should be considered longer than minoxidil as a positive control.
Ensieh Lotfali, Mahsa Fattahi,
Volume 13, Issue 2 (Volume 13, No 2 2022)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Oral candidiasis is a common opportunistic disease of oral cavity particularly in neonates because of Candida overgrowth. Colonization of infant’s oral mucosa with Candida species is the primary stage for invasive candidiasis. The aim of the present study was to determine the association of risk factors and oral candidiasis.
Methods: specimens were obtained from 70 infants who were suspected of having candidiasis, using the swabs samples were taken from the cheek, mucosa, tongue and palate surfaces. Specimens were assessed by routine mycological and molecular approaches. Results were statistically analyzed using the SPSS v16 software
Results: From 70 infants, 50 species of Candida were isolated. The results showed that the incidence of oral candidiasis in infants was pointedly associated to type of delivery (normal/ cesarean), mode of nourishing (breast milk, milk powder, both of them), use of antibiotic medications, and use of milk flask. There was no significant relationship among pacifier and age.
Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that there is a significant relationship between the incidence of oral candidiasis in newborns with type of delivery, breastfeeding, no use of milk jars and antibiotic use. Therefore, the presence of candida in the vagina of the pregnant mothers can cause the baby to develop candidiasis during birth.
Alireza Firooz, Azin Ayatollahi, Farnaz Valizade, Mansour Nassiri Kashani, Zaghrabeigom Moosavi, Mahsa Fattahi,
Volume 13, Issue 2 (Volume 13, No 2 2022)
Abstract
Background: Tinea capitis is the term used for scalp infections caused by dermatophyte fungi. Tinea capitis is common in children and is less common in adults.
Case Report: The case was a 9-year-old girl with itchy patches of alopecia on the. The patient had a cat as a pet. On examination, the patch of hair loss was itchy and the hair shaft was broken and scales were mild. In the examination with Wood's lamp and direct microscopic examination, the ectothrix infection was deagnised. According to the dermatologist's opinion, a terbinafine 50 mg was prescribed daily. However, no significant improvement was observed despite 4 weeks of terbinafine. As a result, the dose of terbinafine treatment was changed from 50 mg to 250 mg per day. After 6 weeks of treatment, the clinical manifestations of the patient improved significantly.
Conclusion: After ringworm is confirmed microscopically, choosing the most appropriate antifungal treatment depends on determining the fungal species by culture. Therefore, when choosing empiric antifungal agent therapy, a dose of 250 mg terbinafine may be a good choice for children.
Atoosa Asadollahi, Bahareh Nowruzi, Mahsa Fattahi,
Volume 13, Issue 4 (Volume 13, No 4 2023)
Abstract
Microalgae are photosynthetic microorganisms which are the result of permanent exposure to stressful conditions such as high or low temperature, high salinity, osmotic pressure, ultraviolet radiation (uv), contain valuable bioactive compounds in cosmetic products .the existing cosmetic products can be replaced with the cosmetic products that are compatible with the environment and can be included in the topical formulations of skin care such as moisturizers, Anti-wrinkles, anti - aging and anti - acne. In addition, the extracts from these microalgae are used to make sunscreen to treat skin pigmentation and improve wounds; therefore most commercial cosmetics have a wide range of natural compounds extracted from cyanobacteria and this leads to increasing antioxidant, regenerative, moisturizer, shielding and brighteners for both hair and skin. In this article the cosmetic use of cyanobacteria extract and dried powder in improving the appearance and health skin have been investigated. Furthermore, analyzing the brand of Spirulina has been discussed.
Mahsa Fattahi, Azin Ayatollahi,
Volume 14, Issue 1 (Volume 14, No 1 2023)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Candida albicans have the ability to colonize living and non-living surfaces and form biofilms that are very resistant to common antifungals. The present study was designed to evaluate the fungicidal activity of itraconazole on Candida albicans biofilm.
Methods: The present study was conducted on 10 nail samples. Routine mycological and molecular tests were performed to identify and determine the type of fungus. Biofilm was formed in the 96-well plate and was subjected to the itraconazole. ROS accumulation was measured. ROS levels were determined in biofilms treated with itraconazole in the presence of antioxidants.The minimum inhibitory concentration of itraconazole was measured in the presence of ascorbic acid (10 mM) according to the protocol of the previous step. Annexin V-FITC apoptosis detection kit was used to investigate the possibility of apoptosis induction following itraconazole use.
Results: Mann-Whitney showed a significant difference between biofilms treated with itraconazole and untreated biofilms for 10 tested strains. Treatment with itraconazole resulted in a significant reduction in the number of biofilms. Ascorbic acid significantly reduced ROS accumulation caused by itraconazole for biofilms of all Candida albicans strains. The findings show that itraconazole induces ROS-dependent apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner in biofilm cells.
Conclusion: In this study, it was found that the presence of intracellular ROS is the main cause of the apoptosis mechanism of itraconazole. The ability of itraconazole to induce ROS in Candida cells appears to be a very effective fungicidal strategy.
Bahareh Nowruzi, Mahsa Fattahi, Mohammadamin Jahangirzadeh,
Volume 14, Issue 2 (Volume 14, No 2 2023)
Abstract
Microalgae are a diverse group of photosynthetic eukaryotic and prokaryotic microorganisms in different shapes and sizes that have evolved by being in stressful conditions and have devised mechanisms to maintain their survival. The production of unique biochemical compounds called bioactive compounds is one of these mechanisms. These compounds restore and heal the skin and protect the skin from damage caused by various factors, and in many cases these products are used in the treatment of diseases and cosmetic formulations. Today, cosmetic products derived from microalgae, which are environmentally friendly and safe, replaced the products in the market. In this review article, the potential of many species of microalgae and their derived bioactive molecules in the production of cosmetics is discussed. In addition to that, by presenting the current microalgae products in the global cosmetics market, it highlights the importance of these organisms in the use of microalgae in the production of quality cosmetics, and finally by providing suggestions such as encapsulating pigments to increase resistance and the stability of pigments envisages their greater use in the cosmetic industry in the future.
Maryam Nourizadeh, Mahsa Fattahi,
Volume 14, Issue 4 (Volume 14, No 4 2024)
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX) is a freely available medication. However, regardless of extensive off-label consumption, FDA labeling does not include accepted for the consumption of MTX for many inflammatory skin diseases in pediatrics, containing morphea, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, and alopecia areata. Lacking published healing recommendations makes the clinicians unsure about prescribing MTX in an off-label manner especially in children. Present study, was conducted to review the use of MTX to heal pediatric inflammatory skin disorders.
The evidence and consent based advices will assistance safe and successful use of MTX for the underserved population of pediatrics who may benefit from this valuable, time-honored medication.
Azin Ayatollahi, Pegah Tamimi, Aliasghar Ghaderi, Mahsa Fattahi,
Volume 14, Issue 4 (Volume 14, No 4 2024)
Abstract
Recently, the cases of dermatophytosis have increased sharply, which is associated with frequent reports of chronic cases of the disease, uncommon skin manifestations, and treatment failure. Cases of emergence of resistant species in other geographical areas such as Denmark, Switzerland, and China, Belgium, Germany, Japan, Iran, Finland, Switzerland, France, Iraq and Bahrain are also known. Antifungal drug susceptibility testing for dermatophyte species has not yet been standardized. Antifungal Susceptibility Tests (AFST) are used to determine the minimum growth inhibitory concentration (MIC) of a specific drug in laboratory conditions with the aim of predicting whether a patient will respond to standard antifungal treatment or not. In the continuation of this article, we gave an overview of the antifungal sensitivity test, including its strengths and weaknesses and its role in helping to make therapeutic decisions.
