Showing 10 results for Ghasemi
Ameneh Yazdanfar, Elham Ghasemi,
Volume 2, Issue 2 (6-2011)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Skin cancers are one of the most common malignancies in the world and create a high rate of morbidity but low rate of mortality with the exception of malignant melanoma that has a high mortality rate. In recent decades, incidence of skin cancer has been increased. The most important risk factors are sunlight and skin type. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of skin cancers in patients who were admitted to Sina Hospital of Hamedan during a 17-year period.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 951 patients with different types of skin cancer, entered in the study. For each patient, data related to age, gender, location, occupation, pathologic type of cancer and site of skin involvement, were collected.
Results: The mean age (mean±standard deviation) of patients was 61.6±15.3 years (2-100 yrs) and most of them (67.2%) were males and workers (%38). The most common pathologic types of skin cancer were basal cell carcinoma (BCC) (59%) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (29%). The most frequent site of tumor expression was face (61.2%) and the least frequent involved site was genitalia (0.4%).
Conclusion: This study showed that skin cancer is more common in males, old patients and workers. It was more common on the face. Screening program for detection of this disease at an earlier stage of elderly men especially in sun exposed occupations is recommended.
Mahnaz Mahmoudi Rad, Akram Miramin Mohammadi, Parviz Tousi, Ali Khamesipour, Amirhoushang Ehsani, Seyyed Ebrahim Eskandari, Niki Mahmoudi Rad, Yasaman Mirdamadi, Zeinab Ghasemi, Mohsen Gerami Shoar, Shima Younespour,
Volume 2, Issue 2 (6-2011)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Malassezia is a lipophilic and dimorphic fungus which has different species. Some of them can be found as natural flora on skin and in some conditions may cause pityriasis versicolor. The aim of this study was to identify Malassezia species associated with pityriasis versicolor in Iranian patients, using PCR-RFLP.
Methods: In this study out of 65 patients with pityriasis versicolor to have pityriasis versicolor,isolates of 60 patients were positive. Malassezia species. using by PCR-RFLP. The Internal Transcribed Spacer 2 (ITS2) region was amplified by PCR employing the ITS3 and ITS4 primers and The restriction endonucleases AluI, BanI and MspAI were selected for producing distinct RFLP patterns.
Results: M. furfur (36.7%), M. globosa (30.0%), M. sympodialis (20.0%), M. slooffiae (8.3%), M. restricta (3.3%) and M. obtusa (1.7%) were the microorganisms responsible for the infection among participants. The M. sympodialis infection was strongly correlated with the female gender (P=0.02).
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that, the most common Malassezia species associated with pityriasis versicolor was M. furfur, followed by M. globosa.
Mahnaz Mahmoudi Rad, Akram Miramin Mohammadi, Parviz Tousi, Alireza Firooz, Seyyed Ebrahim Eskandari, Niki Mahmoudi Rad, Yasaman Mirdamadi, Amirhoushang Ehsani, Zeinab Ghasemi, Shima Younespour,
Volume 2, Issue 2 (6-2011)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Malassezia is a lipophilic and dimorphic fungus which has different species. Some of them can be found as natural flora on the skin and in some conditions may cause seborrheic dermatitis. The aim of this study was to identify Malassezia species associated with seborrheic dermatitis in Iranian patients, using PCR-RFLP.
Methods: In this study out of 79 patients with seborrheic dermatitis, isolates of 70 patients were positive for Malassezia species using PCR-RFLP. The Internal Transcribed Spacer 2 (ITS2) region was amplified by PCR employing the ITS3 and ITS4 primers and The restriction endonucleases AluI, BanI and MspAI were selected for producing distinct RFLP patterns.
Results: M. globosa (48.6%), M. furfur (40.0%), M. slooffiae (8.6%) and M. sympodialis (2.8%), were the microorganisms responsible for the infection among participants. M. pachydermatis, M. japonica, M. dermatis, M. restricta, M. obtuse, M. nana and M. yamatoensis were not isolated from any samples.
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the most common Malassezia species associated with seborrheic dermatitis was M. globosa, followed by M. furfur.
Mohammad Babamiri, Davoud Ghasemi, Razieh Zare, Mohammad Abasi,
Volume 2, Issue 4 (12-2011)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the psychological and sociological factors influencing cosmetics usage by female students.
Methods: The statistical population comprised 250 female students of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences and Isfahan University were selected using a simple random sampling method and were asked to respond to the research questionnaires. NEO Personality Inventory was used to assess personality characteristics. Sociological factors that were assessed were comprised of body management, media consumption, religiousness, socio-economic status and social acceptance.
Results: There was a significant association between body management, media consumption, religiousness, socio-economic status and social acceptance with cosmetics use. Regression analysis showed that predictive variables were able to predict 41% of attitude toward cosmetics use and body management was the best predictor of it.
Conclusion: Sociological, but not psychological, factors influence cosmetics use by female university students.
Mehraban Falahati, Zeinab Ghasemi, Shirin Farehyar, Ebrahim Eskandari, Mahtab Ashrafi, Farzaneh Ahmadi, Gholamhossein Ghaffarpour,
Volume 3, Issue 2 (6-2012)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Onychomycosis is the fungal infection of nails. Patient’s immune system has an important role in initiation of onychomycosis. One of the causes of the increased prevalence of onychomycosis is the increasing number of patients with local or general immune system disorders. In hormonal disorders such as diabetes mellitus, Cushing's syndrome and hypothyroidism superficial vascular disorders and individuals with immune deficiency, onychomycosis prevalent. The aim of this study was to investigate onychomycosis in individuals with underlying diseases who referred to Razi hospital in Tehran.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, nail specimens of 250 patients who have nail dystrophy with an underlying disease whom were referred to mycological laboratory of Razi hospital in 2010-11 were evaluated with direct microscopy and culture on Sabouraud dextrose agar and Sabouraud dextrose agar containing chloramphenicol and cyclohexamide. For differential diagnosis of fungi, complementary tests were used.
Results: Eighty-nine (35.6%) of 250 individuals with underlying diseases and nail dystrophy, were affected with onychomycosis. Among these pateints, 52 (58.4%) cases had yeast infection, 19 (21.3%) had dermatophyte infection, and 18 (20.2%) had saprophyte infection. Diabetes mellitus (37.1%), cardiovascular diseases (14.7%), pemphigus (9%), psoriasis (7.9%), hypothyroidism (6.7%) and chronic eczema (5.6%) were the most common underlying diseases observed in patients with onychomycosis.
Conclusion: Onychomycosis is common in hormonal disorders like diabetes mellitus and hypo-thyroidism superficial vascular disorders and individual who suffer immunodeficiency.
Hamidreza Ghasemi Basir, Mahmood Farshchian, Pedram Alirezaei, Mahdis Jahani,
Volume 5, Issue 4 (Volume 5, Number 4 2015)
Abstract
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Background and Aim: Cicatricial
alopecia is the result of irreversible substitution of hair follicles with
fibrotic tissue and presents as permanent loss of hair. Only a few studies
have investigated the clinical and histopathological characteristics of
cicatricial alopecia in Iran. The aim of this study was to determine the
demographic, clinical and histopathological characteristics of patients with
cicatricial alopecia who referred to our dermatology outpatient clinic in
Farshchian hospital in a two year period, and to evaluate the diagnostic
value of histopathologic criteria in diagnosing different kinds of
cicatricial alopecias.
Methods: This was a
cross-sectional study. Eighty nine patients who underwent skin biopsy due to
clinical diagnosis of cicatricial alopecia were included. Demographic and
clinical characteristics of patients as well as clinical diagnosis were
recorded and the biopsy samples were evaluated by two different pathologists
who were unaware of each other's diagnosis. Histopathological diagnosis of
patients according to each pathologist's opinion was recorded separately and
statistical analysis was performed to obtain the coincidence coefficient between
two pathological diagnosis.
Results: The most common
forms of cicatricial alopecias due to clinical and histopathological
diagnosis were: lichen planopilaris, disciod
lupus erythematosus, alopecia
areata, pseudopelade
of Brocq, folliculitis
decalvans and
central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia. Moreover,
our findings showed a powerful coincidence coefficient between clinical
diagnosis and the first pathologist diagnosis (kappa=0.836), an average to
powerful coincidence coefficient between the second pathologist diagnosis and
clinical diagnosis
(kappa=0.703) and finally an average to powerful coincidence coefficient
between the two pathologists diagnosis
(kappa=0.663).
Conclusion: Diagnosis of
cicatricial alopecia depends upon clinical and also histopathological
examination. Diagnostic value of histopathological criteria even at the end
of scarring process when there is considerable overlap between microscopic
findings of different etiologies of cicatricial alopecias is still acceptable
and there is no need to re-evaluate the biopsy specimen by a second
pathologist in order to confirm the diagnosis.
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Zeinab Ghasemi, Mehraban Falahati, Farideh Zaini, Gholam Hossein Ghaffarpour, Farzaneh Ahmadi, Seyed Ebrahim Eskandari,
Volume 6, Issue 2 (Volume 6, Number 2 2015)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Tinea unguium is a common disease with worldwide distribution most commonly seen in adult patients. Trichophyton rubrum and T. interdigital are the most common causes. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of tinea unguium causative agents in a referral dermatology hospital in Tehran, Iran.
Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in 2010 and 2011 on clinically suspicious patients for tinea unguium referred to the Mycology Laboratory, Razi Hospital, Tehran, Iran. Samples from 700 patients were examined using direct smear microscopy and culture. Direct microscopic examination of the specimens was carried out using 20% potassium hydroxide solution. The specimens were cultured on Sabourad dextrose agar culture media containing chloramphenicol and cyclohexamid (Scc). For identifying the species of dermatophytes, complementary tests were used. Frequencies and relative frequencies were demonstrated in tables and chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were used to investigate any association between the categorical variables.
Results: Of 700 dystrophic nail samples, 53 samples (7.6%) were positive according to both direct examination and culture. Thirty-eight patients were males. The most common clinical type was distal subungual onychomycosis which was observed in 79.2% of cases. The most frequent detected dermatophyte species. was T. interdigital (39.6%) followed by T. rubrum (37.7%). Forty-seven patients had tinea unguium on their toe nails, 4 patients on their finger nails, and 2 patients had it on both finger and toe nails. Nineteen patients had underlying diseases, and the most common underlying disease was cardiovascular disease (26.3%).
Conclusion: Tinea unguium is a disease with worldwide distribution and identifying the causative agents and predisposing factors are necessary for better management of the patients.
Seyede Hamide Razavi, Roholah Ghasemi, Maryam Iman,
Volume 7, Issue 1 (Volume 7, Number 1 2016)
Abstract
Transdermal drug delivery (TDD) is a non-invasive, topical administration method for therapeutic agents. Transdermal delivery also has advantages including providing release for long periods of time, improving patient compliance, and generally being inexpensive. Despite these advantages, the use of TDD has been limited by innate barrier functions of the skin. Only small (<500 Da), lipophilic molecules can passively diffuse through the skin. As a result of the barrier function of the skin, passive transdermal delivery has primarily been limited to small molecules. The skin, which consists of several layers including the stratum corneum, other epidermal layers, and dermis, is the primary defense system of the body. The main barrier to therapeutic delivery is the outermost layer of the skin, the stratum corneum. As a result, various methods of skin permeabilization have been explored for their ability to enhance the transport of drugs across the stratum corneum. Scientists evaluated new drug delivery systems such as nano-carriers and drug delivery systems and enhancer methods such as penetration enhancers. The purpose of drug delivery systems are to deliver sufficient drug molecules into the skin with maximum stability and minimal toxicity. To guarantee successful transdermal drug delivery, a drug delivery system must exhibit several essential properties including drug protection, targeted drug delivery, biocompatibility and biodegradability.
This paper reviews transdermal drug delivery systems, recent enhancement techniques to optimize drug delivery such as microneedles and especially vesicular systems. Herein, we focus on the differences in their composition, physico-chemical properties and applications of those drug delivery systems. We hope recent innovations can work as a foundation for further research and development in transdermal drug delivery system.
Mehraban Felahati, Zeinab Ghasemi, Safar Shamohammadi, Seyed Ebrahim Eskandari, Reza Amiri, Mahdieh Rahimi, Dastparvardeh Elmira, Shahabeddin Rahimifar,
Volume 7, Issue 3 (Volume 7, Number 3 2016)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Bacteria are one of the causes of nail infections. Although nail infections are not always associated with a major health problem, their treatment, particularly in immunosuppressed patients could be chalenging. This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of bacterial agents in patients with dystrophic nails referred to mycology laboratory of Razi Hospital, Tehran.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study on patients with dystrophic nail. Samples were examined by both direct examination and culture. Blood agar and eosin methylene blue (EMB) agar media were used to culture and differentiate bacteria.
Results: Of 700 dystrophic nail samples, 183 (26.1%) samples were diagnosed as onychomycosis. One hundred and four (56.8%) of the patients were female. One hundred and eighty-one patients had bacterial nail infection (25.9%), of whom 109 (60.2%) were female. Forty-six (6.6%) patients had both bacterial and fungul infections, of whom 32 (69.6%) were female. The most common detected agent was Staphylococci.
Conclusion: Bacterial infections can result in dystrophioc nails. If these infections remain untreated they can lead to nail loss. In most cases, treatment of bacterial nail infections is easier than fungul nail infections.
Azam Fattahi, Ensieh Lotfali, Sayna Iranpanah, Yasaman Rezaee, Reza Ghasemi,
Volume 11, Issue 1 (Volume 11, No 1 2020)
Abstract
Superficial dermatophytoses are among the most common infectious disease. The most commonly used antifungal categories reazoles, polyenes and echinocandins. Due to the limited number of available antifungal drugs, toxicity and the emergence of resistant (intrinsic or acquired) strains, antifungal strategy needs to be developed. Recently the researchers try to find alternative antifungal agents. This review emphasizes the action and resistance mechanisms to antifungal drugs, the search for new agents, drug- resistant genes, and the application of combination therapy and immunomodulators (using cytokines and gamma interferon which can provide novel insights to fighting fungal infections). A comprehensive review study was performed using the keywords including Candida, antifungal drugs and drug resistance in valid medical databases, mainly PubMed. Articles that were most relevant to the purposes of the study were selected and studied. Problems with antifungal resistance and the emergence of resistant strains of fungal has produced an enormous demand for new antifungal agents. The clinical complexity of patients with resistant mycoses prevents an easy approach to the detection, prevention, and management of antifungal drug resistance. Continuing investigation will illustrate the role of susceptibility testing for resistant mycoses and on clinical strategies used to fighting antifungal drug resistance in pathogenic fungi.
