Journal of

---

Hair loss can be viewed a problem from different perspectives: as a disease, a disorder which affects appearance of an individual, and its psychological effects. Therefore, it is crucial to determine the causes and types of hair loss. This review summarized hair loss evaluation methods with significant emphasis on their clinical aspects. According to relevant literature reviews, the major approaches to hair loss are taking medical history, primary investigations and detailed hair examination. Although several invasive and non-invasive, clinical and paraclinical examinations can be used for hair loss assessment, it is generally accepted that using clinical evaluation methods and physical examinations are more efficient. In conclusion, diagnosing hair loss is complex and sometimes time-consuming process. However, precise hair examination may lead to the suspicion of an endocrine disorder.

---

Background and Aim: Lesions of the skin can impair its vital function to protect humans against external pathogens. Therefore, producing a suitable wound dressing to repair injuries is always one of the challenges of researchers. The present study aims to Synthesize a hydrogel film for wound dressing applications.

Methods: In this research, a hydrogel film of polyvinyl alcohol / hyaluronic acid / nano zinc oxide was fabricated for application as a wound dressing. For this purpose, three films with different percentages were prepared using the solvent casting method. The synthesized samples were characterized using FTIR, SEM, XRD, and tensile tests. 

Results: Evaluation of the morphology of the samples showed that the increase of zinc oxide nanoparticles led to porosity and growth of their size in the films. It was also characterized that the percentage of film elongation increased with increasing nanoparticles of zinc oxide and hyaluronic acid. The elongation percentage from the lowest amount of nano zinc oxide to the maximum (5, 10 and 15% of weight was 159%, 166%, and 230%, respectively. The MTT study indicated the cell viability above 80% in all three films.

Conclusion: A film containing 15% zinc oxide can be a suitable option for using in tissue engineering and wound dressing.

---

Cosmetic dermatology has seen significant advancements in developing new materials and techniques to enhance skin beauty and combat signs of aging. One notable development is creating and analyzing fillers made by combining hyaluronic acid and polycaprolactone. This innovative filler type has gained popularity due to its unique properties, exceptional skin rejuvenation capabilities, and effectiveness in facial contouring. This study gathered information on dermal fillers and the effects of using hyaluronic acid and polycaprolactone by referencing papers from various databases such as Civilica, PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and SID. The authors conducted a study to explore the benefits and drawbacks of utilizing hyaluronic acid and polycaprolactone and their impact on filler durability and injectability. Research conducted by experts and studies on cosmetic fillers has highlighted the positive effects of hyaluronic acid and polycaprolactone, two powerful substances widely discussed in the beauty industry. Further research could improve the understanding and utilization of hyaluronic acid/polycaprolactone fillers, enhancing skin cosmetic treatments and increasing patient satisfaction.

---

Aging and wrinkles on the face and neck are natural processes throughout a person's life. On these days, there are various techniques to treat these facial lines. The non-invasive facelift technique is suggested considering the risks and effects of different cosmetic procedures. This research collected information about using polymer threads for lifting the face and treating ptosis from authentic scientific texts published in databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and Web of Science. The investigations showed that when placed correctly, biodegradable polymer threads cause skin irritation and promote collagen formation, so that’s interesting for patients and doctors. Patients undergoing a facelift with polymer threads experience fewer complications than those undergoing traditional methods. Despite the low side effects of this method, some patients have opted to remove the threads after the lift due to dissatisfaction with their appearance. Threads with superficial spines and biodegradability are considered popular and attractive for lifting the soft tissue of the face due to their quick recovery and low cost. Different types of absorbable threads are available in the market, each with different compositions and have different designs depending on the place of use. This review study will discuss biodegradable polydioxanone (PDO), polycaprolactone (PCL), and polylactic acid (PLLA) yarns.

---

Skin infections caused by pathogenic bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa have become a serious challenge in the field of antibacterial therapies, especially in the context of antibiotic resistance. In this regard, the simultaneous use of classical antibiotic combinations with advanced nanostructures is considered a novel and effective approach. Narasin, an ionophore antibiotic of natural origin, has a high potential in inhibiting bacterial growth due to its ability to disrupt cell membrane function and ion transport. On the other hand, silica nanostructures, especially mesoporous silica nanoparticles, play an important role in enhancing antibacterial activity due to their properties such as biocompatibility, drug loading capability, controlled release, and production of reactive oxygen species.
Recent studies have shown that the combination of narasin with silica nanostructures enhances the synergistic antibacterial effects, increases drug stability, and improves penetration into bacterial biofilms. This combination has also been effective in reducing the dosage and systemic toxicity. Despite promising results in laboratory and animal models, challenges such as the assessment of cytotoxicity, precise release control, and the need for extensive clinical studies remain.
In this article, while comprehensively reviewing the properties and functions of narasin and silica nanostructures, the mechanisms of their combined effects on skin pathogenic bacteria are discussed and future prospects in the development of nanobiotechnological therapies are reviewed.