Journal of

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Application of sunscreens is one of the most important ways for skin protection against sunburn, early skin aging and skin cancer.
Due to variety of sunscreen products, it is necessary to assure their protection ability against the sun’s damages. Performance assessment of sunscreens against UVB expressed by sun protection factor. Due to great cost of determination methods of this factor in foreign countries, developing a comprehensive protocol for in vivo SPF determination in Iran would have distinct benefits.
In this study four international standards have been reviewed and compared for Sun Protection Factor (SPF) determination including ISO24444, FDA2011, AS/NZS 2604:2012 and CEN 2006. The general process of in vivo SPF determination is similar in these protocols but there are some obvious differences in details that leading to advantages and disadvantages for each of them.
In this study a complete document were collected, then regarding to available facilities and with cooperation of Iran food and drug organization a comprehensive in vivo SPF determination protocol will be developed.

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Sunscreen products are among the most important ways for skin protection against sunburn, early skin aging and skin cancer. Due to existing wide variation of sunscreens, it is necessary to assure their protection ability against the sun damage. Performance assessment of sunscreen products against UVA is expressed by sun UVA protection factor (UVA-PF). Because currently these factors are determined in foreign countries at high cost, developing a comprehensive protocol for UVA-PF determination in Iran would have distinct benefits.
The two standards, CEN 2006 and FDA 2007, introduce persistent pigment darkening (PPD) method for UVA-PF in vivo determination, while following the same principles are different in details. For in vitro UVA-PF determination, 4 standards CEN 2006, FDA 2007, FDA 2011 and ISO 24443 provided protocols, which two of them (CEN 2006 and FDA 2011) proposed critical wavelength method. On the other side, FDA 2007 offered modified Diffey method. ISO 24443 approved that and considering in vitro UVA-PF determination correlated with PPD method.
In this review, complete documents were collected, and the available facilities and setups, with cooperation of Iran Center for Food and Drug Control Labs, a comprehensive UVA-PF determination protocol for Iranian sunscreen products was developed.

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Background and Aim: Demodex is a common mite and ectoparasite in humans and animals. The existence of Demodex folliculorum and Demodex brevis in human skin can have a role in some inflammatory skin diseases such as acne, rosacea, and dermatitis. This study aimed to identify the prevalence of Demodex ectoparasite in women and its possible association with skin lesions.

Methods: Fifty women with skin lesions (case group) and 50 women without skin lesions (control group) were selected and evaluated by clinical and
laboratory tests. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee and the volunteers provided written informed consent. The skin scrapings were investigated by placing in a 10% potassium hydroxide (KOH) and lactophenol solutions and were analyzed under microscope to detect the Demodex.

Results: Twenty-two out of 50 patients (with acne, rosacea, dermatitis, and eczema) had Demodex folliculorum infestation (44%). The highest levels of infestation were observed in women aged 20-30 years (22%) and the infestation of Demodex was only confirmed in 10 cases (20%) out of the 50 subjects in the control group.

Conclusion: The rate of Demodex in patients with skin lesions was much higher than healthy subjects. There was a significant association between Demodex and skin lesions (sig.=0.023, P<0.05). The authors suggest that Demodox treatment should be considered in the therapeutic strategy of some inflammatory skin diseases.